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XXXIII Number 3

MAY 15, 1999

Consecutive Issue #192

Copyriqht, 1999, Early American Coppers, Inc. AH Rights Reserved.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page 128

129 Editor's Introduction

130 Examining the Mintage Estimates,

Part II: The Cents of 1799

139 New Half Cent Subvariety: 1795 C-4b

140 New Jersey Coppers, Part 42:

Maris lOgg, lOoo, lOV^C

142 More Thoughts on the Steam Press

143 ... And More Thoughts on the Half

Cents of 1835 - 1836

Directory of Officers
Harry E. Salyards

ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Craig Sholley

R. Tettenhorst
Ray Williams

Ken Cable
Ken Cable

MEETINGS AND MEMBERSHIP NOTES
Reports from the EAC Convention, April 15 -18

March Wells
Rod Burress
Phil Ralls
Jan Valentine
Greg & Lisa Heim
Greg & Lisa Heim
Harry E. Salyards
Steve Carr
Mike Gebhardt
Fred Lake
Red Henry
Denis W. Loring
Bob Grellman

Jan Valentine
Rod Burress

Bill Eckberg & Chuck Heck

TALKING BEGINNERS
Steve Carr

MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTOR NOTES

Mike Packard

Ken Cable

E. Larry Knee

John D. Wright

Donovan Epling

FROM THE INTERNET
Pete Smith

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
SWAPS AND SALES

PARTIAL INVENTORY OF STOLEN COINS
Tom Reynolds

145 President's Message

146 Convention Acknowledgements

147 Nominating Committee report
149 Large Cent Happening Results

149 Half Cent Happening Recap

150 Exhibit Recap

152 1999 Editor's Award: to Craig Sholley

152 EAC '99

155 My First EAC Convention

156 EAC Convention Photo Album
159 Sometimes the Coin Collects You!

163 Minutes of Annual Business Meeting
165 1999 EAC Sale Prices Realized

167 EAC Regional Meeting, Sacramento, March 13

167 Candidates for Membership

168 Announcements of Upcoming Meetings

168 Ways to Collect Large Cents

Dueling Half Sisters in Delaware
What am I?

Would a Medal be the Answer?

Making Sense

Collecting the Cents of 1798

182
184
190

202

173

175

176
176
178

-127 -

XXXIII / 192

EAC DIRECTORY OF OFFICERS

Editor

Harry E. Salyards

606 North Minnesota
Hastings, NE 68901

President

March Wells

2407 Tuckaho Road
Louisville, KY 40207

Vice

President

Bob Grellman

PO Box 951988

Lake Mary, FL 32795

Membership

Rod Burress

PO Box 15782
Cincinnati, OH 45215

Secretary

Denis W. Loring

PO Box 363

New York, NY 10101

Treasurer

John D. Wright

1468 Timberlane Drive
St. Joseph, Ml 49085

Historian

Peter C. Smith

2424 4 th Street, NE #12
Minneapolis, MN 55418

Librarian

Mabel Ann Wright

1468 Timberlane Drive
St. Joseph, Ml 49085

Cataloger

Tom Reynolds

PO Box 24529

Omaha, NE 68124

Associate and Contributing Editors
Denis W. Loring
John D. Wright
Herbert A. Silberman

Printing Lithotechnical Services, Inc.

1600 West 92 Street
Minneapolis, MN 55431

For all articles, letters and ads of P-W .
Deadline: end of month preceding date
of next issue.

For all general club matters - comments
Complaints, by-laws questions,
suggestions.

Chairman of the EAC convention
oversight committee

New members. Due $25/year ($35 for
first-class mail; $5 for Junior members
under 18). Replacements for damaged
or incomplete issues of P-W .

Address changes; dues payments; non¬
receipt of P-W . Also for questions of a
numismatic nature, especially for his
Ask John’ column of P-W .

For archival preservation of all materials
relating to EAC from non-EAC sources.

For donations of material to, or
borrowing references from, the EAC
Library.

For consignments to the annual EAC
Sale, held at the national convention.

Typist Debra A. Johnson

119 Ringland Road
Hastings, NE 68901

Founding Editor

Warren A. Lapp, MD (1915 - 1993)

- 128 -

INTRODUCTION BY THE EDITOR

Harry E. Salyards

Lines, Written in the Aftermath of EAC ‘99

Drawn to a place in memory

in prospect could be

any place any spring

beyond the hotel walls

great gathering of friends

so disparate enduring down the years

of sharing passion for the coins.

Though rationalized a dozen ways

this early copper charm

from sentimental schlock

Proto-America at its undebased and un-

comipted best: never mind

white male landed suffrage

slavery and Trails of Tears,

to amateur investors’ wit

comparing incomparable

past and present prices: never mind

the Who and What are not

the same now as in 1979 or

1949 or 1899, still

it’s Passion drives the rush

the pent-up need to handle

the coins, thousands of them—

the bunged-up scarred survivors

and their never-circulated kin,

the first romanticized as real

Real money: given and received

in trade our plastic commerce can’t

imagine: digging in your leather pocket

purse for a clutch of cents

to buy a drink, perhaps

an AMERI and a ‘99 clanked down

in a stack of ten like

Washington quarters now;

while on the unworn ones. Liberty’s cleavage

rises slightly beneath the gentle caress

of goat’s hair brush, as the latest

in a line of Amateurs marvels

at the chance that placed

her in his hands two

centuries gone: knowing in another

someone else will hold her

proudly and amazed.

And then it’s over: the bourse room
broken down, rearranged for some
dull luncheon speech, reciprocated
boredom that will never guess
what quiet passion graced this spot
these three days past;
and the lovers scattered
spun away by land and air
each ephemeral as that earlier America

that coined the coppers
whose survivors drew us
here: now over
until next spring.

^ 'A' *4^ vlf

“T* 'T* 'T'

Editor’s Note: We apologize for the lateness of
this issue. As many of you know by now, Tom
Reynolds was robbed of his entire inventory on
Sunday April 25. He has worked around the
clock for the past several weeks, in an effort to
reconstruct a list of the better coins taken, so
that that list could appear in this issue of P-W .
That list appears beginning at page 202. I call
your particular attention to it, and urge all mem¬
bers to be alert to possibly being offered one or
more of these coins, especially if a high-grade
specimen comes without a pedigree.

-129-

XXXIII / 192

Examining the Mintage Estimates:

Part II - The Cents of 1799

Craig Sholley

I’ll begin the story of the mintage estimates for the 1799s by quoting from R.W.(Bob) Julian’s
recent article “The Copper Coinage of 1799” from the December 1998 issue of The

Numistmatist:

For more than four decades numismatists have accepted the mintage of the “perfect date” 1799
cent to be 42,540, a figure determined by Walter Breen during his research in the National
Archives in the late 1940s and early ‘50s. Breen repeated the same information, though in slightly
garbled form, in his Complete Encyclopedie of U.S. end Colonial Coins, published a decade ago.

The only problem with this mintage is that it has no documentary basis.

So, how did this debunking of the mintage estimate for the most famous date of the large cents
come about?

I first began questioning Breen’s mintage estimate of 42,540 for the 1799 Perfect Date in 1997
when I was doing some work on the delivery figures and other data from the “mint records” held
in the Regional Archives at Philadelphia. As a result, I emailed Harry Salyards and our exchange
was published in the Nov. 15,1997 issue of Penny- Wise (pp. 313 - 314).

Concurrent with this email exchange, I was also in touch with Bob Julian with whom I share
research information. Bob quickly found the source of the Breen estimate - a 1954 article in The
Coin Collectors Journal - and replied. Harry responded virtually at the same time with the same
information.

There was, however, a big problem with Breen’s rationale - it was in direct conflict with my
notes from the mint records and Bob’s figures on deliveries of planchets. After a brief email
discussion and a double-check of both our notes, Bob and I agreed that the Breen estimate was
based on erroneous information. To be absolutely sure of our discovery, I drove down to the
Regional Archives at Philadelphia and reviewed all of the records concerning the planchet
deliveries for 1797 through 1799. The evidence was then conclusive: the Breen rationale was
wrong and the records proved it.

With proof in hand, Bob and I contacted the editor of the “Redbook” in early 1998, and the
erroneous figure was removed.

My intentions were to hold this article until the new Breen large cent book was published since I
felt that the new book contained relevant information. However, with the unfortunate delays in
getting the book out and the publishing of Bob’s article, the time has come to reveal the full

story. So, here goes:

-130-

At first glance Breen would appear to have a fairly solid basis for his estimate of 42,540 Perfect
Date cents. In The Coin Collector’s Journal, May-June 1954 (Vol. 21, No. 3), “The United
States Minor Coinages, 1793-1816”, pp. 9-10, he states: 1

Recent evidence enables us to be a little more definite about how many 1799 perfect date cents
were coined. On 12/31/99 were delivered 207,000 cents, apparently from the Coltman shipment of
40 Cwt (4480 lbs.) which had arrived 7/16/99. Of these 4480 lbs. some 1021 lbs. or 42,542 cent
planchets were exceptionally rough and black. The director promptly sent two of these back to
Coltman with two Boulton sample planchets and a stinging rebuke; but the black flans were of
necessity minted into cents. Taking the Sheldon emission sequence as correct, we see that the
1799/8 and the last twenty varieties of 1798 are all of entirely different fabric than the 1799 s
(though occasional coins are black as in 1796-7); the 1799's are more like the 1800 s and are
uniformly on black planchets, usually quite rough, crudely executed and too narrow for the dies. It
is thus a safe assumption that the 42,540 black coins were precisely the 1799 S-189's.

There’s just one problem with this story, the records which Breen cites simply do not exist! A
review of the Mint records shows that William Coltman did not deliver planchets in 1799. In
fact, the last such delivery, which was only the second, was on Oct. 13, 1797 and was of such
poor quality (as was the first) that the Mint ceased doing business with Coltman. 2

Likewise, there is no letter from Mint Director Elias Boudinot to Coltman in 1799. The last
letter to Coltman is dated Nov. 28,1798 in which Boudinot essentially states that unless Coltman
can match Boulton’s price and quality, the Mint is not interested in doing business with him.
Boudinot also states that he is enclosing two planchets from each of the Boulton shipments as

samples. 3

Some may be inclined to believe that the records that Breen quotes have been lost and that this is
the explanation for the discrepancy. However, this cannot be the case. Payments for the planchet
shipments are recorded in the “Ledgers and Blotters of Ordinary Receipts and Expenditures”. 4
The ledger entries are extremely detailed listing not only the date, source, and cost of the
planchets, but also weight, and shipping, insurance, and exchange rate costs. The ledgers are
bound volumes with sequentially numbered pages. There are no pages missing.

1 Citation provided by R. W. Julian and Harry Salyards

2 Coltman’s firm was The Governor & Company of Copper Miners. See Regional Archives at Philadelphia, Record
Group 104 (RG104 hereafter), Entry 1, General Correspondence; Entry 3, Letters Sent; and Entry 181, Ledgers and
Blotters of Ordinary Receipts and Expenditures. See also R.W. Julian, “From Shortage to Surfeit, The Cent
Coinage of 1799”, Numismatic Scrapbook, Aug. 1975, pp. 94, and R.G. Doty, “Early United States Copper
Coinage: The English Connection”, The British Numismatic Journal, Vol. 57, 1987, pp. 54 - 76.

3 RG104 Entry 3 Letters Sent. It would seem that this is the letter to which Breen is referring and he is simply
misquoting. This letter was in response to a Nov. 20, 1798 missive from Coltman’s son-in-law, Thomas Clifford,
seeking to re-establish the relationship (see Entry 1, General Correspondence).

4 RG104, Entry 181, Ledgers and Blotters of Ordinary Receipts and Expenditures.

-131-

XXXIII / 192

Letters back to the suppliers (Coltman and Boulton) regarding the receipt of, payment for, and
problems with planchet shipments are found in both the “General Correspondence” and “Letters
Sent” files, with those in the “Letters Sent” file being in bound volumes. 5

For the letters in question, there are two copies of each letter, one each in two separate bound
volumes in the “Letters Sent” file. The first volume has the letters transcribed on sequentially
numbered pages and the second volume consists of bound loose-leaf copies. There are no pages
missing in either volume and the letters therein are reflected, for the most part, by yet another
copy in the “General Correspondence” file.

Quite simply, Breen misread the records or made a note-taking mistake and large cent collectors
have been using a fictitious figure for the past 45 years! 6 So, since the mintage quite definitely is
not 42,540, then what is it?

Mintage Estimates for the 1799s

The first clue as to the mintage for the various varieties of the 1799 cents comes from a review of
the emission sequence of the relevant varieties.

For the two 1799/8 overdate varieties, NCI and SI88, die chaining data provides a very solid
emission sequence. Both of these varieties share a common obverse. NCI comes first since it is
only seen on perfect dies. SI88, which starts perfect, comes later with clashes and a serious die
break starting at the rim above the R in Liberty and continuing on a slight arc through the bases
of TY to the rim opposite the nose.

Both of these varieties share reverses with varieties of 1798 cents. 99NC1 shares a reverse with
SI73. Again, 99NC1 precedes SI73 since the reverse is perfect on this issue and the SI73 is
seen with the reverse first perfect and later clashed and cracked.

SI88 shares a reverse with SI86 with SI88 coming first based on reverse die state as the reverse
is first perfect on S188, then comes clashed and cracked from the last zero in the denominator
through the ribbon end and tips of the outer leaves to the rim above M in America. This reverse
is then paired with a 1798 obverse on SI86 where the crack becomes much heavier, turning to a
cud break at the last zero in the denominator. SI86 also shares the obverse with SI87, again with
SI86 coming first based on die state.

5 RG104, Entry 1, General Correspondence; Entry 3, Letters Sent.

6 Also, as Harry Salyards pointed out in our email exchange, the “Breen manuscript” contains no mention of this

most famous estimate. The reason for this is quite simple. Breen uses Julian’s data for the planchets which shows
that only Boulton made deliveries of planchets in 1799. Thus, Breen couldn’t use his previous rationale and simply
dropped the whole story!

-132-

The emission sequence by die chaining for these varieties is then:

1799/8 NC1
1798 S173
1799/8 SI88
1798 S186
1798 S187

both dies perfect

same reverse as NC 1, first perfect, then clashed and cracked
NC 1 obverse, new reverse, both dies first perfect then both heavily cracked
same reverse as SI88 but more heavily cracked, obverse first perfect
same obverse as SI86, new reverse, obverse always cracked

But, there’s a problem with this scenario. Just because die chaining shows that one variety
follows another in terms of die state, it does not necessarily mean that the later variety was
struck immediately after the preceding. Striking of cents was often interrupted both by the need
to strike half cents and breakdowns of the press. When this occurred, the dies would be removed
from the press and returned to the die locker. The press would then be set up to strike half cents
or repaired, as the case may be. To resume striking of cents, a die pair would be retrieved from
the die locker and installed in the press, and at this point “mix ups” could (and did) occur.

The Mint did not care about keeping the “emission sequence” unbroken. Dies were often
returned to the die locker and not used for months or years later. For example, three varieties of
1798s (S155, S156, and S173) were struck with reverses from 1796. Thus, there could have been
any number of other varieties struck between the “die chained” varieties.

To determine the actual emission sequence it is necessary to combine the “die chain sequence”
with strike characteristics, the delivery figures, and other historical evidence from the mint
records. And this results in an emission sequence that is a bit different from the sequence

indicated by die chaining alone.

The cent delivery figures for 1799 are as follows:

January 1 - March 31

April 7
August 7
August 10
August 26
August 31

370,000

November 30

16,000

8,235

December 4

208,000

2,000

December 12

5,000

1,000

December 28

17,000

80,000

101,350

December 31

207,000 (on hand)

111,000 of the 370,000 cents delivered from January 1 through March 31 of 1799 were certainly
1798s since that figure was recorded as “on hand” on 12/31/1798 (i.e., held in the coining room
but not officially delivered). The balance was also certainly dated 1798. These deliveries
exhausted the Mint’s supply of the ready made planchets from the Coltman and Boulton
shipments of 1797 and, by necessity, included around 100,000 planchets made from left-over
sheet copper, probably from the 1797 Coltman shipment.

The next delivery was 8,235 cents on April 7 th and these, along with 12,167 half cents coined the
same week, were struck on planchets cut from the June 1,1798 purchase of some 585 lbs. of

-133-

XXXIII /192

sheet copper from Arthur Blayney. 7 With these deliveries, the Mint’s supply of copper was
totally exhausted and there were no more deliveries until August 7. 8 9 This break provides a most
interesting clue as to the date of the 8,235 cents.

In considering 99NC1, I have often wondered why, for no apparent reason, the Mint took two
perfect dies out of service only to remarry them with two other dies at a later date. From a
review of both the planchet and the delivery figures, the reason becomes apparent: being out of
cent planchets, the dies were removed from the press and returned to the die locker. A pair of
half cent dies was retrieved and striking of half cents proceeded until the planchets for those too
were exhausted. Thus, the 8,235 cents from the April 7 delivery are 99NC1.

With the Mint now out of both cent and half cent planchets, there would be no more coining of
copper until receipt of another shipment from Matthew Boulton.

As early as October 1798, the Mint realized it was running low on planchets and Boudinot sent
several letters urgently requesting another shipment. However, Boulton was experiencing
problems of his own - an usually harsh winter had frozen the British canal system that he

depended upon for shipments of raw cake copper.

On April 19, the ship Amelia left Liverpool with 60 kegs of large cent planchets weighing some
10 tons. According to the weight, this would have been approximately 931,875 planchets. The
shipment arrived at the Mint some time prior to July 3, 1799 as on that date Boudinot wrote to
Boulton acknowledging the receipt. Unfortunately there was a problem, some of the shipment
had been corroded by seawater exposure. In this same letter, Boudinot stated: 10

By the Carelessness of the Capt. the Planchets were stored in an very wet part of the Ship, by
which means about 1/5 part of them are almost spoiled - they must undergo an entire fresh
cleaning...

With the impending closure of the Mint due to the worsening Yellow Fever epidemic, the Mint
would have certainly wished to dispose of the corroded planchets first, as these would have only
worsened in storage. The delay in start of coining until early August clearly shows that this is
the case. With the cleaning of the planchets at least partially complete, coining resumed.

7 R.W. Julian, From Shortage to Surfeit, The Cent Coinage of1799, Numismatic Scrapbook, August 1975.

8 There is no doubt that the Mint was completely out of copper as in an April 22,1799 letter to Boulton, Elias
Boudinot wrote: “/ beg you will not let any opportunity slip to keep us well supplied, as I have been for sometime
wholly idle as to the Coinage of Copper .” RG104, Entry 1, General Correspondence; Entry 3, Letters Sent.

9 R.G. Doty, Early United States Copper Coinage: The English Connection, The British Numismatic Journal, vol.

57, 1987.

10 RG104, Entry 3, Letters Sent. From the wording, it is likely that much of the shipment had been contaminated to
some extent and the “one fifth” simple represents the “worst of a bad lot” that required extensive cleaning to be
useable at all. Some of the remaining would have worsened in storage, thus explaining later 1798s and 1800s seen
on dark, porous planchets.

-134-

Mint personnel certainly would have remembered that they were coining 1799s prior to the
interruption and probably wished to strike additional coins of the current date for political
reasons. The 1799/8 obverse was retrieved from the die locker, but this time, as fate would have

it, with a new reverse creating the SI88 variety.

From the foregoing, the actual emission sequence is then: 99NC1-S188-S186-S187 with SI73
being struck at some point following SI87.

The striking characteristics of these varieties provide very strong support for this sequence.
SI88, SI86 and SI87 all show exactly the same striking attributes. Both obverses are strongly
struck at LIBERTY with crisp dentils and weakly struck at the date with the lower portion of the
date weak and the dentils weak to non-existent. Also, both obverses fracture in the upper left
quadrant starting at the TY in LIBERTY and arcing down to the left rim. SI73, on the other
hand, shows exactly the opposite being strongly struck through the date and weakly struck

through LIBERTY. 11

The emission sequence can also be expanded to include SI 89 based on planchet characteristics,
strike, and historical records. The strike characteristics of SI 89 are identical to SI 88, SI 86, and
SI87. The obverse of SI89 is again strongly struck through LIBERTY and weakly struck
through the date. Also, SI 89 comes on predominantly dark porous planchets and these are
undoubtedly some of the approximately 185,000 from the July 3,1799 Boulton shipment which
were spoiled by saltwater corrosion and had to be cleaned. 12 Thus, SI 89 was struck after SI 87
and the emission sequence is then: 99NC1 - SI 88 - SI 86 - SI 87 - SI 89.

Some readers may note that while some SI86s and SI87s do come porous and dark, most appear
on planchets a good bit nicer than SI88 or SI89. So, based on planchet characteristics SI86 and
SI87 do not appear to be part of the emission sequence. However, the die chain and strike
evidence clearly shows that these varieties were struck between SI88 and SI89.

Additionally, the nice planchets on SI86 and SI87 are not incompatible with their having come
from the same lot that produced the typically black and porous SI89s. Boudinot s estimate of
“about one fifth” of the shipment requiring cleaning is clearly a “quick review” based upon
simply opening the kegs. There was not enough time between the receipt of the planchets and
Boudinot’s letter for this figure to be based on an actual sorting of the shipment.

11 These characteristics are clearly shown in Bill Noyes’ photographs, which were loaned to the author as part of this
study. The most likely reason for these strike characteristics is that the die cups were “out of square” thereby
causing the die faces to be slightly off parallel. The die cups may have been made this way, but more likely they

had become distorted in use.

12 The most likely cleaning method was an acid dip. Regardless of the cleaning method, the cleaned planchets
would have had a roughened surface prone to heavy oxidation. Additionally, incomplete cleaning and rinsing
would have left contaminants that would have contributed to further oxidation. The tact that these cents, as with the
balance of the un-struck planchets, would have remained in storage due to essentially the complete shutdown of the
city during the Yellow Fever epidemic would only further contribute to the degradation, providing a further

explanation of their poor appearance.

-135-

XXXIII / 192

Also, some of the planchets in the “bad” kegs would have been just fine, either in a part of the
keg that had not become wet or protected by other planchets. And some would have been only
lightly stained where others would have been heavily corroded. Then too, the cleaning would
have resulted in some which were basically “as good as new” while others would have been quite
poor.

With this in mind, SI86 and SI87 simply wound up on the “best part of a bad lot” while SI89
unfortunately wound up on the worst.

So, given the emission sequence of NC1-S188-S186-S187-S189, the problem is now how to
figure out the mintage of these varieties. Here, other historical records along with the delivery
figures provide very strong evidence.

In 1798, the Mint again tried to do what it could not do before: hub complete dies. Chief
Engraver Robert Scott produced a complete hub of the reverse and from it sunk at least 40
reverse dies. These were used on 16 varieties of the 1798s, all of the 1799s, all of the 1800s, 2 of
1801, and 1 in 1802. 13

Breen proposed that this experiment was due to a supposedly new and heavier press. 14 However,
the last “heavy” presses received prior to this date were purchased in 1795. These purchases
included the heaviest screw press the Mint ever bought, the so-called “dollar press”. So, the
genesis of this experiment was clearly not some new and more powerful press.

There was, however, a good reason for the experiment; and that was a new type of die steel. In
late Dec. of 1798, Thomas Clifford, apparently in a fruitless attempt to influence the Mint into
re-establishing the relationship with his father-in-law William Coltman, supplied the Mint with
the much sought-after English cast steel which Boudinot had been unsuccessfully trying to obtain
via Samuel Baynard and Matthew Boulton. 15

With receipt of this steel, the Mint, assuming that the steel had been the problem, immediately
tried to hub full dies and created the aforementioned reverses.

13 Clapp first recognized this in his 1931 monograph on the 1798s and 99s. Sheldon refined this proposition in
Penny Whimsy, saying of the 1798 reverses: “same hub die as reverse O”. For the 1800s, Sheldon states (on pg.
248): “The reverses are all from the same hub die...”. Breen expanded this to include the three reverses used in
1801 and 1802, see Walter Breen’s Encyclopedia Of Half Cents, pp.21 -22.

14 Walter Breen, Walter Breen’s Encyclopedia Of Half Cents, pg. 21.

15 RG104, Entry 181, Ledges and Blotters of Ordinary Receipts and Expenditures, Dec. 31, 1798,Thomas Clifford,
$120.00 for screw presses & $30.00 for cast steel. The presses may have been replacements for the “cent” press
(used for half cent and cents) and the “small coinage” press (used for half dimes through quarters). They also could
have been for blanking, straightening, or other purposes. The Mint’s heavy coining presses cost around $185.00
each. At most, the Clifford presses were $60.00 each depending on the actual number supplied. See also, Craig
Sholley, ‘ Inexperience, Not Die Steel, Caused Problems At Early US Mint”, Penny-Wise, March 1995, pp.46 -53.

While the hubbing experiment was a dismal failure as all of the reverses had varying weakness in
the legend, berries, and/or fraction resulting in significant repunching, the new steel did result in
a dramatic increase in die life of around 125,000 strikes per die.

The Mint would also have tested this new steel on obverse dies. While there are a couple
candidates, the most obvious one is the 1799 Perfect Date. So, it is then possible to suggest a
mintage of around 125,000 for the SI 89 based on the proposition that the new die steel was used.

Combining this proposition with the delivery figures and the emission sequence, the following
mintages can be proposed:

99NC1 are the 8,235 cents delivered on April 7 from the planchets cut from the Blayney sheet
copper (as previously explained). AVith improved die life resulting from the new die steel, the
101,350 cents delivered August 31 were S189. This leaves the 83,000 delivered August 7
through the August 26, which then were SI 88, SI 86, and SI 87. Discerning which portion of this
83,000 belonged to each variety is a bit of guesswork, but the striking characteristics and die

chaining do provide some clues.

Given the die states of SI88 and the few known terminal state coins, the terminal fracturing of
the obverse die probably didn’t occur too early. Also, the obverse of SI86/187 was paired with
two reverse dies and therefore probably lasted the upper range of the die life for blister steel dies
which was around 60,000 strikes. From this it can be proposed that SI88 comprised about
20,000 of the 83,000 delivered through August 26, with the balance of 63,000 being SI86 and

S187. 17

The following table summarizes the mintage estimates:

| Variety

Mintage

Delivery Dates

99NC1

' 8,235

delivered April 7

S188

20,000

from the Aug. 7, 10, and 26 deliveries

SI86 and SI87

63,000

balance of Aug. 26 delivery

| S189

101,350

delivered Aug. 31_J

16 As the Mint would later find from Franklin Peak’s visit to the European mints in 1833 - 35, the problem of
hubbing full dies is process rather than material related. The 125,000 figure is based on an average of both the
obverse and reverse die life for 1801, the first year in which the new steel is fully in use. Since the deliveries of
1801 cents did not begin until Sept. 29 and ended on Dec. 30 with no cents “on-hand”, the mintage for this date, and
thus the die life, is quite certain. Delivery data is per R. W. Julian, “The Cent Coinage of 1801”, Coin World, Dec.
1, 1976, pg. 32. Also see Craig Sholley, “Inexperience, Not Die Steel, Caused Problems At Early US Mint”,

Penny-Wise, March 1995, pp.46 -53.

17 The die life of the 1799/8 obverse is then around 28,000 strikes, well below the average of around 45,000 for this
type of die steel. The heavy break on S188 undoubtedly shortened the life considerably. It should also be noted
that 5000 to 10,000 of the Aug. 26 delivery could have been SI89, thus lowering the estimates for SI88 and
SI86/187. However, the numbers are estimates, and only that. They should not be used as absolute numbers.

-137-

XXXIII / 192

At this point some readers may be tempted to invoke the vaunted “3% rule”. However, this
so-called rule is not applicable here. The developer of the “rule”, Walter Breen, clearly stated in
the previously quoted article, “The United Sates Minor Coinages 1793 - 1916”, that this
survivorship estimate only applied to the Lettered Edge cents: 1

...the so-called 3% rule partly derived in Early American Cents (to be further elaborated in Early
American Cents After Ten Years), whereby it is shown that the number now extant of all varieties
of Lettered Edge cents approximates 3% of the number struck, etc.

So, if the mintage of 99NC1, SI88, and SI89 are really as I have suggested, then “what
happened to all of them”? Well, nothing happened to them, other than the fact that they don’t
have a survival rate anywhere near 3%.

In discussing the estimates of survivors for SI88 and SI 89 with other researchers and collectors,
“guesstimates” as to the numbers of survivors are 150 to 200 for SI 88 and 800 to 1000 for SI89.
Using the averages of these estimates, the survival rates are then 0.875% for SI 88 and 0.88% for

SI 89.

While these rates may seem a bit low to some, I do note that using the current rarity ratings as a
basis, numbers of this sort are quite common for the Draped Bust cents even when one uses quite
generous estimates for the R1 varieties. In fact, it’s quite hard to get the survivorship of most
dates much above 1.5% unless one uses some seemingly unlikely numbers for the R1 varieties

I do not mean to even imply that this validates the mintage estimates I have proposed. I am only
pointing out that an apparently “low” survival rate does not necessarily invalidate a mintage
estimate. It is my own feeling that the survival rates are whatever they are, and that there is a
significant variance from date to date and variety to variety.

Some may feel that the foregoing is a bit speculative, and perhaps rightly so. However, at least it
is based on the real historical record, not a made-up and misquoted version.

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Bob Julian, Harry Salyards, Mark Borckardt, Denis Loring, Jack Robinson, Tom
Reynolds and many others for their invaluable contributions. Special thanks to Bill Noyes for
the use of his photographs.

{Note: The conclusions presented herein are the author’s and may or may not be shared by those

who contributed.)

18 The Coin Collector’s Journal, May-June 1954 (Vol. 21, No. 3). Later numismatists have conveniently forgotten
the rule’s genesis and mistakenly applied it to virtually every date and denomination.

-138-

New Half Cent Subvariety 1795 4B Surfaces at 1999 EAC Convention

R. Tettenhorst

For the first time since the mid 1970s, a new subvariety of half cent
was identified at the 1999 EAC Convention, It is a thick planchet

specimen of the 1795 Cohen 4 and Breen 4 dies, weighing 114 grains*

The C5, B5 and the C6, B6 dies have been known for some years to have
been struck on thick planchets in addition to the normal thin planchets.
Cohen (page 22) describes these as weighing approximately 115 grains.

Breen (page 154) states that the weight range of the thick planchet
specimens is between 100-124 grains. The newly identified 4B specimen

at 114 grains is, therefore, exactly in the weight range of the 5Bs
and 6Bs. It has a thickness at the rim of .070 inches compared with
a thickness between .050 and .055 inches for a few thin planchet

specimens that I have measured. The diameter is .937 inches, which
is exactly in the narrow range of diameters for the C4a specimens.

The new specimen shows no evidence of large cent undertype. However,

this is typical of many of the 5Bs and 6Bs as well. Breen (page 154)
states n Specimens showing attributable cent undertypes are rarer then
those without them." In speaking about variety 5B, Cohen (page 22)

states "When I wrote the First Edition of this work, I had no direct
evidence of any source. Since that time, four specimens have come

to my attention that are overstruck on spoiled Large Cents."

In a prescient comment, Breen (page 146) says of variety 4 "We have
seen none on S or T stock but either may exist." S stock is his

designation of the thick planchets on which 5B and 6B are struck.
Score one for Walter!

The identification of the new specimen is an interesting story, as
well. It was purchased by Richard Shimkus from a Chicago area dealer
in a slab. He bought it for a modest price because it seemed to him
to be a clean VG specimen for his collection of Liberty Cap half cents.
Being one of the collectors who prefer to see copper coins in the raw
rather then through plastic, he broke it out of the slab and brought
it to Cincinnati. He showed it to Steve Fischer who, at first glance,
noticed the thickness and thought it was a 5B or 6B. When Richard
pointed out that it was a #4, the full attribution was made. Naturally,
it caused a flurry of interest when shown to other half cent collectors
at the convention. The experience should bring smiles to the
break-them-out-of-the-slab school of copper enthusiasts.

Now that the existence of a thick planchet 1795 4 has been verified,
collectors may examine more carefully specimens that they own. It
would not be surprising if additional specimens are identified as a
result. The difference between the thick planchet and the normal
planchet of 84 grains is visible to the naked eye and can be easily
confirmed by weighing.

-139-

XXXIII / 192

NEW JERSEY COPPERS, PART 42: MARIS lOgg, lOoo, 10 Vi C

Ray Williams

This issue’s NJ Condition Census covers three extremely rare varieties. The first we’ll talk about
is the Maris lOgg. The Maris 10 obverse has been covered in earlier census reports for the 10-G and 10-h
varieties. The discovery coin was identified by Dr. Hall in 1895, went from the Hall collection to Brand,
purchased by F. C. C. Boyd in 1945 and now rests in John Ford, JR’s collection (as noted in the Taylor
Sale). The gg reverse is only known paired with the coulterless obverse 10. Unknown to Dr. Maris at the
time of his writing his monumental NJ reference book (as was the oo reverse and 10 'A obverse), this coin

attracts major attention whenever offered
for sale. Walter Breen describes the gg
reverse as “shield long and of medium
width, the middle chief point being
considerably higher than the Dexter and
Sinister chief points, and quite close to B.

Pales of 4. I and B too high. Very coarse
serrations. Has been mistaken for Maris
10 h reverse, but the shield is larger, final
star is much more distant from the base

point, middle chief point much nearer the
B than in that die.”

Maris lOgg, Lot 2160
Bowers & Merena, Taylor Sale

Until the Superior Sale last month, I knew of only two lOgg’s. I wasn’t aware of the third until after the
Superior Sale was over. The existence of a third known still keeps the rarity at 8. A friend from Florida
who has seen this coin told me the detail was closer to EF (although Superior graded it a VF), there is a
small planchet clip above “RE” of CAESAREA, Matte Finish with problem free surface. I’m going to
keep it at VF at this time only because that is what the cataloger says, and 1 haven’t seen it personally.

Presently know are: 4

EF — Scratches in Shield

Eastern Collection
Unknown Collector
John Ford, Jr.

B&M Taylor 3/87 Lot 2160
T. Terranova, Superior 2/8/99 Lot 1891
F. C. C. Boyd; Brand; Hall

...

■■ • : •

YV.V,".“.■.V.V ■ ■ 1 1‘1 1 1 1 1 V i 1 1 V -’rVripVr ^ \•ir'e'jO'

wmmm
mm lit

•! <■: «■! ■•! -L> _■ . ■>! Ol •>

P.V.V.V.V
.W.V.V.V. ■_ V
■ > V-’.V.'. ". ■

V V

The second variety we’ll look at is the Maris lOoo. To date, only one has
been located. The discovery coin was found in Texas by Mike Brownlee and is
beautifully described by Michael Hodder in Bowers & Merena’s sale ot the Kissel!
and Victoria collections, September 11, 1989. The description states, the style of
the reverse is very similar to that of h and gg. The denticulation is close and heavy.
The chief... is directly below the B; the left demi-chief is higher than the right... on
its vertical axis the shield is 29.4 mm while it is 15.1 mm on its horizontal axis...

there is no ornamentation
below the shield.” The

mmmmm

■ . . ....I ■ I I ', V _•

\ i \ ■ i *: vi * i ■ 1 1 1 * x v: 1 : 1 ■! • I *:

black and white picture in
this catalog is sharp, where
the color plate photograph is too dark to be useful. Also,
the enlarged reverse photo is not partially blocked by the
obverse, as is commonly done in Bowers catalogs (see the
Taylor plate of the 1 Ogg as an example.

F/VF

Groves Collection

Maris lOoo, Lot 1304, Bowers & Merena Spring Quartette

Bowers Spring Quartette Sale 3/92 Lot 1304;

H. Garret; Bowers 9/89 Sale, Lot 6; Mike Brownlee

-140-

The Final Variety for consideration is the Maris 10 Vz C. The C reverse was described in the CC report for
Maris 6 C. The 10 Vz obverse is a new discovery. It was found by an East Coast dealer and confirmed by Michael
Hodder as a new variety. See Colonial Newsletter TN-142 (Page 1296) for a complete write-up on this variety by
Michael. The coin’s owner at the time called this the “fur head” variety; time will tell if this name will stick.

In CNL, Michael states weighs
110.8 grains; it is 29.4 mm along both
horizontal and vertical axes; reverse die aligned
at 355°, or nearly perfect medal turn... three
minute planchet chips can be seen from the
reverse...mane is shaggy and its ears bold and
pointed. The plow beam is sinuous, describing
an “S” curve. The date numerals are minute,
nearly touch the exergual line, and the last
appears misshapen. In terms of style the
obverse more closely resembles Maris obverse
10 than any other die.”

Maris 10^0
olonial Newsletter, TN 1

I’m embarrassed to say that I don’t own a January 1993 Stacks catalog, where this coin was plated and
sold. I hope to rectify this soon. The current owner of the coin is unknown to me.

Fine Unknown Collector T. Terranova, Stacks 1/14/93 Lot 990

I must make a correction at this time to the Condition Census for 8 Vz C in Part 41. Two friends
independently called me and told me that the Dorothy Kraisman coin was a strong VF. Both had seen this coin first

hand.

I also received a letter from Eric Newman, in which he provided me the following:

“My data shows: that in 1932 Mehl inventory of the Waldo Newcomer Collection item 2947 is a NJ date below
plow beam being lot # 370 of Parmelee and from J. L. Goodenough of Oswego, NY. The only other known piece
was owned by Hillyer Ryder of Carmel, NY, UNC. This was sold to Garrett privately.

Item 29946 Maris 8F from Parmelee, VF sold to Garrett privately.”

Many thanks to readers who send me comments and data. Also my appreciation to all who have sent me
listings of their NJ holdings, and keep me updated. All communications are welcomed and encouraged.

I’d also Like to take a moment to thank Leslie Elam for all he’s done for our hobby. As he retires from the
position of Executive Director of ANS, Dr. Ute Wartenberg will assume the position of Acting Director. Leslie has
superintended the Coinage of the Americas Conferences since their inception, and has been responsible for the
publication of their proceedings. Space will not allow a listing of his accomplishments here; please allow my thanks
to suffice. Best Wishes Leslie...

Ray Williams

924 Norway Ave, Trenton, NJ 08629
609-587-5929 raydianewilliams@juno.com

-141-

XXXIII / 192

MORE THOUGHTS ON THE STEAM PRESS

Ken Cable

I was quite impressed by Craig Sholiey’s November 1998 article about steam press
coinage, and especially that Mr. Sholley has had the opportunity to research original Mint
Records at the Regional Archives and the Franklin Institute. He has answered some
pressing questions I’ve had about 1835-1840 coins of different denominations and allayed
some misconceptions, as well as reinforced hypotheses based on independent personal
studies. Mr. Sholley’s comments have also raised additional questions and comments
which I shall address here, especially with regard to the manufacturing of copper material

from 1835 - 1857.

I did believe it was a derivative of the British press (pioneered by Matthew Boulton)
rather than the Thonnelier press that was ultimately chosen by Peale and Patterson for the
U S. Mint, at least for the initial acquisition. This would have seemed like a logical choice,
since the Boulton press was a tried and true product, whereas the French press was
relatively “new technology” in the mid-1830s. I also noted that a recent article in a
numismatic publication about the first steam press references Peale’s visit to the British

mint but not the French Mint.

According to Breen, screw presses struck all proof coins until 1893, when the screw
presses were finally replaced by hydraulic presses. The new hydraulic presses were used
only for proof coinage. This raises some questions: 1) were these new hydraulic presses
switchable from automated to manual mode to control the output, 2) did the steam press
have an “automatic shutoff” when it ran out of planchets, or did it always have to be
“babysat”, and 3) how does the equipment first used in 1836 for business-strike coinage
differ functionally from the press that is presently used for business strikes? Was the 1835-
vintage press retired in favor of something more “state-of-the-art”? As proof mintages were
still limited to around 1000 coins per year for silver denominations and less than 100 for
most gold issues, it seems there would have to have been some human intervention during
its operation. According to earlier editions of the “Redbook,” business strike coins are
struck under mechanical pressure and proofs are struck under hydraulic pressure. (A
rhetorical question is whether screw presses were still retained to strike proof gold coins
until they were last issued in 1915, but that is beyond the scope of this article or any

personal studies.)

Mr. Sholley mentions that for the steam press to have coined proofs, it would have to
have been modified so that it could be slowed down to control the number of strikes.
According to my latest research, it appears that the steam press was never used for the
purpose of striking proof coins. However, we may not completely dismiss the hypothesis
that, when the newly acquired presses were being tested, experimentation could have been
done by, say, feeding 100 proof planchets into the press - and comparing the results with
those produced manually on the Castaing press.

While Mr. Sholley mentions that proof coins that were definitely struck on a screw press
with a closed collar (closed vs. open) have strong strikes, I have seen proof Capped Bust
coins of 1828 - 36 where the star points and/or the periphery of the eagle’s dexter wing or
the left-hand (facing the coin) border of the shield were not fully struck up as on

-142-

some business strikes of the same period. While I have examined very little in the way of
proof large cents and half cents of this period, l observed an 1833 proof half cent that was
not “all there”. Since the proof half cents of the 1840s are so well struck, it is therefore likely
that they were struck multiple times (at least from the hammer die) to bring up full detail on

the device of Liberty.

The weakness on the late-date Braided Hair issues that Mr. Sholley refers to is possibly
attributed to the dies having become worn so that high points on a coin’s plane (such as
star detail) were not fully defined. My observation with examining high-grade coins of the
early steam press era as opposed to the late screw press (with dosed collar) era is that the
strikes are more uniform and the frequency of weak or erratic strikes is less, and this may
in part be due to the use of more stereotypical dies and a greater number of them during the
course of a year, catering to a high percentage of early die state coins. It appears however
that by the early die state coins. It appears however that by the early 1850s quality control
wasn’t as high a priority as “getting the coins out the door,” so the intervals between die
changes became wider, creating a larger percentage of imperfect strikes.

It is noteworthy that in several of the original excerpts that Mr. Sholley quotes, scheduled
use of the steam press was not as timely as planned. If Gobrecht dollars were never
coined on the steam press, then “temporary” on September 22, 1836 translated to more
than three years for dollar coinage. Also, the letter of June 30,1837, more than a year after
the press was put into operation, indicates that there were in fact “frequent interruptions”
which had finally been resolved. I also conjecture that whenever mintages increased (such
as from 2 million cents in 1836 to 5+ million in 1837 to 6+ million in 1838), redundant steam
presses were needed to meet these demands. Perhaps someone could clarify whether

there were redundant presses.

I’ve said it before and I’ll say it again: for research purposes, there is nothing better
than an original source. Mr. Sholley’s acquisitions are an invaluable tool for studies such
as what I am interested in, and his efforts are sincerely appreciated. If he or anyone else
has an additional input (or suggestions for similar research in the Boston area, or via e-mail,

etc.), I’ll keep P-W eyes open.

*************

... And More Thoughts on the Half Cents of 1835 -1836

Ken Cable

I am quite impressed by the endeavors that Craig Sholley has undertaken to obtain
access to original mint records and other printed or written correspondence pertaining to
early coinage in the United States Mint and the details of how Mint equipment was procured

and employed.

A mechanical engineer or a physicist I am not (see my article in response to John
Mullen’s request for info on EAC’ers to find out what I am), but I am also quite impressed by
Craig’s detailed analysis of the mechanics of the steam press and how he uses his
reasoning to conclude that it was impossible to use the steam press to strike proofs. My

_143_ XXXIII /192

understanding of late, and I’m not totally clear on this, is that in 1893 the U.S. Mint began
using hydraulic presses to strike proof coins, so as to dramatically slow down the striking
rate and prevent proof coins from coming in contact with other coins or coining equipment,
as well as to virtually perfect their strikes. Frankly, with the exception of the part about the
strikes, I thought this had been accomplished long before 1893, namely around the time the
steam press was put into use. So it apparently follows from Craig’s writings that screw
presses had to be in operation at least until 1893. (Since I do not collect coins of this
period, I am not familiar with characteristics of late-date Seated Liberty or Barber proof
coins which may be attributable to the switch to the hydraulic press, but perhaps someone
could shed some light on this.) One concept that was particularly misleading, and I believe
that this was out of a Mint Report prepared sometime in 1836, was that the proof-only
Gobrecht dollar was scheduled to be struck on the steam press, even though this never

materialized. For the moment I rest my case on the steam press.

•¥

Nevertheless, I am still thoroughly confused by some of the statements Craig makes in
his March article regarding the 1835-36 half cents. I’ve never been convinced that the
purported “Mint error” of 1836 was really an error, and it seems truly inconceivable that this
“error” could have been repeated four years in a row! It seems to me that in quoting the
footnote from the modem Redbook, the operative words are “thought” and “official”. That is,
in relatively recent numismatic history someone apparently conjectured that since no
business-strike half cents were issued in 1836, the best way to reconcile the supposed
“accounting error” was to left-shift the dates of the respective mintages one year. This was
thought to clear up the controversy over which dates the official mintages pertained to.
However, if we put faith in the original source, the 1835 half cents were “officially” minted in
1836, even though they bore the date 1835. This is somewhat analogous to the 19,000-
plus silver dollars reported as minted in 1804 - they had to be dated 1803, or earlier. In the
1830s it was still common practice to reuse dated dies as long as they were functional.
Craig seems to contradict his research by stating that “the mint records clearly show that
the 1835 half cents were struck in 1835.” But Craig goes on to state that the Mint accounts
indicate that 589,000 half cents were delivered to the Mint on December 31, 1835 - if that
was the case, they could not have all been dated 1835 and in fact some of this shipment
would have had to go back at least to 1833. Or perhaps it was a mix of numerous dates
that were not needed for general circulation and contained some 1825-29 specimens.
Below are the published mintages for 1832-35 to illustrate my point.

1832: 51,000

1833:103,000

1834:141,000

1835:398,000

It is therefore possible that none of the December 31, 1835 delivery were dated 1835!
Going back to the very early Redbook editions (I seem to recall “visiting” a 1957 specimen),
these same figures are listed for 1833-36. Yes - 398,000 half cents shown as having been
minted in 1836!) For a long time the numismatic community has realized that there are no

business-strike half cents dated 1836. However, what also leads me to believe that 19 th -
century collectors sought such a unicorn in change are some other original source
documents: one dated 1853 which raises the question of “Where are all the 1836 half
cents?” and offers $3 for one, and a copy of a price list from 1861 that was sent to me by
Harry Salyards showing the recent auction sale price of an 1836 half cent in “p.” (for proof)
at $5.25 (golly, a week’s pay!). Apparently sometime during the great “coin boom” of the
1850s, noises were being made suggesting that only proofs, and a very limited number of

-144-

them at that, were dated 1836, and that all those believed by the Mint records to have been
coined in 1836 were dated 1835. And perhaps this was the basis for the half cent

“restrikes”, which I shall now address.

I am still at a loss as to how Walter Breen could have concluded merely from high rims
and die buckling that a particular coin was struck some 24 years after the date it bears, and
I don’t see how Craig’s argument addresses this confusion. Using the 1835 business strike
as an example, 1 have examined a number of high-grade, uncertified 1835s which exhibit
high wire rims which I’ve not noticed on 1834 and earlier business strikes. And I am now
the proud owner of an 1835 MS-64 Red, undoubtedly from the Elmer Sears hoard, in an old
PCGS holder, with rims equally as high and equally as square as the 1836 First Restrike.
This is clearly not a proof, and is someone going to tell me this is a restrike also? In techno¬
geek language, this “doesn’t compute.” I know about collar (and by the way it’s “closetf -
vs. open, not “close,” that was first used in 1828), and I’ve seen numerous business strike
silver coins of the closed collar, late Capped Bust and early Seated, that exhibit the features
Craig mentions - and some early Seateds with die buckling even more prominent than that
found on the 1836 First Restrike! I’ve also seen some gold coins of this period with very

high, sharp rims.

Also, I am still not aware of any specific article that provides concrete proof that the 1836
reverse was actually employed during the adventure of 1858 - 60, using the same
argument that the 1831 First Restrike may not be a restrike either. Perhaps the die
shattered at a much earlier time. All in all, both the 1831 and 1836 FRs may be restrikes,
but I really believe there is some credence to the possibility that they may not be. I believe
that only an original source will tell the true story, and I’d sure like to find one. Perhaps
Craig’s research will uncover something, and I would be particularly interested in specifics
on any or all varieties of the 1836 half cent, Originals and Restrikes.

So what is the moral I impart? It is often said that “history repeats itself, and historians
repeat each other.” Think about the implicit wisdom in that statement. The more time
marches on, the more distorted accounts of historical events become. I know because I am
a “sideline” historian (but read all about me later in this issue). I’ve been there. I would
certainly be interested in obtaining information from the National Archives and I can be

reached at (617) 735 — 8536 or e-mail kcabie@.bidmc.harvard.edu . I’d like to go straight to the

THE SOURCE.

*************

REPORTS FROM THE 1999 EAC CONVENTION

President’s Message

EAC 99 has come and gone and our club membership stands at about 1450.
Everyone seems to agree that the convention was a success. The programs were well
attended, bourse activity was brisk, and the sale, while long, grossed over $300,000. Rod
Burress deserves a well done for an extra fine job of putting it all together! I thought that the
happenings were great as usual and that the exhibits were also top notch. Our thanks to all

who participated in making this an EAC to remember.

-145-

XXXIII/192

Next year the meeting will be at the Radisson Resort Hotel in Cape Canaveral,
Florida. I would like to emphasize the word resort as this is a very nice resort hotel. The
dates for next year are April 6 through April 9, inclusive. Please mark your calendar now to
ensure you have EAC 2000 in your travel plans for next year.

The EAC board of directors met Saturday morning, April 18 th and took several actions.
First of all, the board voted to maintain the dues structure as is for the next year. In
recognition of the growing impact and importance of Region 8, the board voted to appoint
Mark Switzer as Director of Region 8 with the authority to vote as a board member. The
board voted to try, on a one year trial basis, adding a mail bid only section to the annual
sale. The details about this will be in the July or September P-W . Also, the board voted to
continue allowing Jon Warshawsky to award up to four one year EAC memberships to
winners of his quiz contests appear in Numismatic News .

For the next three years I would urge that everyone take it as a personal challenge to
help build the strength of EAC by bringing into our organization new active members, and to
encourage more participation by those members who are largely on the sidelines. Any
suggestions for making improvements are always welcome. My address is 2407 Tuckaho
Road, Louisville, KY 40207.

To everyone, all the best.

MARCH WELLS

*************

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

A successful EAC convention requires much hard work. We want to thank the following:

Paul Padget - He handles all the bourse details thus allowing other persons to

concentrate on other aspects of the convention knowing that the
bourse is in capable hands.

Bourse set-up workers - Ken Stonebraker, Candice Bishop, March Wells, Mike

Fedder, Carl Rekow, and many others.

Name badges and ribbons - Frank McElwain . . . definitely overkill when done by a

well known artist in this area.

Registration - Phyllis Thompson, Hank Spangenberger, Karen Draut

Security - Terry Hatton ... Veterans Security of Bellevue, Kentucky

Drawbridge Convention Services - Karen Bennett, James Lockhart

EAC Sale lot viewing - Carl Rekow, Dick & Charlene Uhlenbrock, Mildred Davis,

Norb & Angie Taylor, Candice Bishop, Mike Fedder, Ken Stonebraker,
and many others.

EAC Sale catalogue - Tom Reynolds

EAC Sale catalogue printing & mailing - Wes Rasmussen & Lithotech

-146-

EAC Sale catalogue cover artwork - Steve Fischer

EAC convention consultants - March Wells, Wes Rasmussen

Educational Programs ... speakers, seminars - March Wells
Exhibits Coordinators - Greg & Lisa Heim

Thursday evening ‘Happenings’ - Jan Valentine, Jon Warshawsky, Greg & Lisa

Heim, Dennis Wierzba

Educational Forum speakers, Saturday seminar leaders, and Exhibitors:

Educational Forum

Jon Lusk & Bill Noyes “Electronic Preservation of the Noyes Photo Archives”
Ron Manley “The Making of the Half Cent Die State Book”

Saturday Seminars

Dan Trollan “
Steve Carr
Red Henry
John Wright “
Denis Loring “
Dennis Wierzba

Blundered Edge Dies”

Misaligned Dies - Early Dates”

Report on the Early Date Report”

Abused and Done To Cents - FIDOS”
Large Cent Grading 101”

“A Panel Discussion On Viewing,
and Grading of Colonial Coins”

Comparing,

Exhibits

1793 Chain Cents - Walter Husak, John MacDonald, Alan Weinberg, Denis

Loring

1793 Wreaths & Caps - John MacDonald
1793 Liberty Caps - Mike Lawrence
Misaligned Dies MAD Coins - Steve Carr
Connecticut Coppers by Vlack Numbers - Jim Goudge
Library of Coins Large Cent Set - H. Craig Hamling
Large Non Cents - John Wright

Half Cent & Large Cent Boards, Albums, Folders - Greg & Lisa Heim

*************

NOMINATING COMMITTEE REPORT -1999 EAC ELECTION

The results of the election of National Officers and Regional Officers was reported to the
EAC Board of Governors at its meeting on April 17, 1999 and to the membership in
attendance at the Annual Meeting on April 18, 1999 Cincinnati. The election results are as
follows:

-147-

XXXIII/192

National Election

President

Vice

Secretary Treasurer

President

March Wells 125

Bob Grellman

124

Denis Loring 121 John Wright

124

Tom Reynolds 1

Bill Noyes

Don Valenziano 2 Wes Rasmussen

Bob Vail

Regional Elections

Chair

Secretary

Region 1

Joel Spingarn

George T rostel

Region 2

Chuck Heck

Don Valenziano

Region 3

Bill Eckberg

Red Henry

Region 4

Cindy Grellman

Don Weathers

Region 5

Rod Widok

Joe Tomasko

Region 6

Sully Sullivan

Chris McCawley

Paul Delfield

Region 7

Jon Warshawsky

Dan Demeo

Phil Moore

Bim Gander

129 ballots were received. One ballot was invalid because no name or identifying address
was appended. The total votes for any particular national office will not add to 129 because
some members chose not to vote for certain offices. The regional totals are much smaller
than the national totals because a member may vote only for officers to represent that
particular region.

Respectfully submitted for the Nominating Committee,

Philip W. Ralls, Chair

*************

-148

RESULTS OF THE LARGE CENT
HAPPENING AT THE 1999 EAC CONVENTION

Jan Valentine

We had a very large turnout for the Large Cent Happening and some really super coins.
We also had a mystery coin at a table where the table monitor was Dan Holmes. For those
who wondered what it was, I’m sure Dan would tell you. It was the finest known
Sheldon~79.

Here’s how the voting went on the six varieties selected. Thanks to all who helped, and
brought coins.

1793 Sheldon~5

1. Ed Zimmerman

2. John Wright

3. Steven Ellsworth

4. Joe Bednarik

5. Red Henry

1822 Newcomb ~ 9

1. Phil Moore

2. Wes Rasmussen

3. Fred Borcherdt

4. Steven Ellsworth

5. John Wright

1846 Newcomb ~ 13

1. March Wells

2. Steven Ellsworth

3. Joe Whipple

4. Harry Colburn

5. Steven Ellsworth

1799 S-189

1. Walt Husak

2. Fred Borcherdt

3. Steven Ellsworth

4. Steven Ellsworth

5. John Wright

1 835 Newcomb ~ 11

1. Fred Borcherdt

2. Fred Borcherdt

3. Wes Rasmussen

4. March Wells

5. John Wright

1847 Newcomb ~ 23

1. Harry Colburn

2. Tom Knopp

3. Joe Whipple

4. Steven Ellsworth

5. JeffAmelse

*************

1999 HALF CENT HAPPENING RECAP

Greg and Lisa Heim

Our first happening as coordinators was a hectic one. Thank god Bill Weber was there
for guidance. In all, 57 people signed up, and 23 people displayed coins. However, only 11
people returned judging sheets, which was a little disappointing. Here were the results:

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XXXIII/192

1797 C-2

1804 C-10

1 .

Rick Coleman

1 .

R. Tettenhorst

Rick Coleman

Jim McGuigan

Joel Harwin

Gene Braig

Jim McGuigan

Bruce Hickmott

1806 C-3

1811 C-2

1 .

R. Tettenhorst

1 .

R. Tettenhorst

Bruce Hickmott

Mike George

Jim McGuigan

R. Tettenhorst

Rod Widok /

Jim McGuigan

R. Tettenhorst (tie)

Gene Braig

1836 Original
Jim McGuigan
Jim McGuigan
R. Tettenhorst

1836 First Restrike
Jim McGuigan
R. Tettenhorst

1836 Second Restrike
Jim McGuigan
Jim McGuigan

R. Tettenhorst (2 coins tied)

A few notes about the Happening:

1) Monitor support was superb. It made our job a lot easier. Thanks to all of

those who helped.

2) The coins, as usual were awesome. Two-thirds of the populations for the

1806 C-3 and the 1836 Second Restrike were present. Some people,
including us, were surprised to see so many 1806 C-3’s. It led to a
discussion that the coin might be an R6. We feel that it was just an excellent
showing.

3) We tried some things out, like the grading and the introductions, and they did

not work very well. We would like to modify the ratings sheets so more
people fill them out. Maybe have fewer varieties and/or only rank the top
three coins? Let us know what you think.

4) As a corollary to number 3, the atmosphere was very hectic. A lot of people

found it hard to concentrate. It is a shame we only have 90-120 minutes for
this.

What about next year’s varieties? Well, there will be one proof-only and that is all
we know for now. The final tally will be listed in the September 1999 P-W . You can let us
know which varieties you would like to see by e-mailing us at qlrheim@erols.com , or by
calling us at (732) 297 - 8661 from 10 AM to 10 PM ET.

*************

1999 EXHIBIT RECAP

Greg and Lisa Heim

It is hard to believe this was our fourth year coordinating the exhibits. Every year the
exhibits have had a different flavor. This past EAC was no different. John Whitney’s
material notwithstanding (it is in another stratosphere), this was the best overall display of
exhibits we have been a part of. In case you missed them, here’s a little recap:

-150

Walt Husak, Denis Loring, John MacDonald, and Alan Weinberg:

1793 Chain Cents, also known as “The Return of the Chain Gang .” - The finest display
of chain cents you are ever going to see. It is hard to believe that they improved on their
1997 offering in Las Vegas. Simply incredible. Coins were as follows: S-1 (3), S-2 (4), S-3
(4), and S-4 (5).

John MacDonald:

Wreaths and Caps of 1793 : Condition census examples of 1793 Wreath and Liberty Cap
large cents. Really nothing more to say, but WOW!

Mike Lawrence:

1793 Liberty Cap Cents : A more complete display of the scarcest Large Cent type,
which included many, if not all of the NC’s. If you want to get technical, around 5% of the
known 1793 Caps were on display between this exhibit and the aforementioned.

Steve Carr:

Not Lined Up at All : A very well done exhibit which was worthy of being entered at the
National level. Illustrated off-center and coins struck > from misaligned dies.

H. Craig Hamling:

Library of Coins Larne Cent Set : A complete set of very attractive Large Cents modeled
after the very popular Library of Coins albums. The coins were displayed in superbly
crafted wooden display cases with the variety listed below each coin.

James Goudge:

Connecticut Coopers bv Vlack Number : There cannot be too may people who have
nicer Connecticut’s than Jim. Using this 1960’s reference, Jim photocopied the pages out
of the book, and placed the actual coins on top of the pictures, making the pages “come
alive.” Jim has exhibited nationally before, winning several awards. This exhibit would be a
prime choice for competition. Lisa says that Jim has one of the best eyes for color schemes
in his exhibits!

John and Mabel Ann Wright:

Large Nonsense : Kopecks, anyone? This exhibit superbly displayed coppers from
around the world - Swedish plate money, British two pences, the aforementioned Kopecks,
and yes, a United States Large Cent for garnish.

David Palmer:

The Talbot. Allum. and Lee Cents of 1794 - 1795 : A late addition to the exhibits, Dave
illustrated fine examples and varieties of the various mules, along with high grade examples
of “T.A.L.’s.” An important exhibit since some of our early copper coinage is struck on cut-
down T.A.L. planchets.

Anthony Terranova: *

Recreating the 1797 Half Cent over NC-7 Spoiled Cent : That’s HALF CENT OVER
CENT! Many of you have gotten the John Whitney catalog from Stack’s. The description
for this coin shows many trials at recreating this error as done by Ron Landis of the Gallery
Mint. Well, thanks to Ron and Tony, those actual pieces were on display and available for
personal inspection.

-151 -

XXXIII/192

Greg and Lisa Heim:

Half Cent and Large Cent Boards. Folders, and Albums : A history of the various storage
methods used for Early American Copper. We displayed Whitman Boards from the 1930’s,
large and small format Wayte Raymond pages, old and new Whitman albums and folders,
Library of coins albums, and the Dansco albums specially made for the Littleton Coin
Company.

Thanks once again to all of those who took the time to exhibit. If the EAC 2000
committee would like to have us back next year, we would be honored.

** ***********

1999 EAC EDITOR’S AWARD: CRAIG SHOLLEY

Harry E. Salyards

As announced at the EAC Convention, the 1999 Editor’s Award for outstanding
contributions to Pennv-Wise goes to Craig Sholley of Newville, Pennsylvania.

Craig joined EAC as member number 2728 in May 1987. It’s ironic to note that the same
issue of Pennv-Wise which included Craig’s name among the candidates for membership,
contained pictures of the late Walter Breen taken at the EAC Convention in Dallas. There
was so much deference to Walter’s opinion on any numismatic issue at that time, that it’s
unlikely anyone would have taken the trouble to even look at the Archival evidence on any
matter regarding the early mint - after all, everyone ’’knew” that Walter had done that
already, long before!

As readers of Pennv-Wise know, however, Craig was to become one of a group of
serious researchers into early U.S. coinage, who were ultimately unwilling to simply “quote
Walter, chapter and verse.” The results have been eye opening - up to and including
Craig’s article on 1799 cent mintage in this issue of P-W . It’s a pleasure to acknowledge
Craig’s contributions with this award.

*************

EAC ’99

Steve Carr

It was exceptional. It was energetic. It was a letdown. It was EAC’99 in Cincinnati.

This was the second EAC convention for me. My first was four years ago in - you
guessed it - Cincinnati. This time, I was going to have a better experience (I told myself)
because I knew what to expect from a convention, having already attended one! Last time I
wanted to see everything and do everything - a practice that literally wore me out. This
time I would pace myself. Look at lots of copper, visit with friends and acquaintances, and
get educated. I promised myself I would take frequent breaks and not forget meal times
(like last convention).

- 152 -

I left early Wednesday morning in a fairly heavy drizzle. Had more rain (mostly) until I hit
Columbia, Missouri. Then the rain quit. Nice, smooth trip from that point, even though the
Indiana State Highway Patrol seemed to be out in record numbers (I counted 23 of them as
I crossed the state!). No ticket, no agony!

* /

I was accompanied on this venture by my 10 year old son. He’s the non-coin collector in
the family. He came along to keep me company and to help my parents with work around
their house (I combine the convention with a chance to visit my parents , who live in Dayton,
OH).

My father and I came down for the hospitality gathering on Thursday night, but
construction made Cincinnati traffic terrible. A little more than two hours to make 70 miles
and we effectively missed the hospitality event. Oh well, the Happenings were next.

We went to the Half Cent Happening first, as it was the first one to get organized. The
coin viewing began! I got to see more proof 1836 half cents than I had ever seen before
and was totally impressed with the set of really neat mis-struck 1797 C-2’s. They were
neat! But are they common??? I also got to see a copy of Ron Manley’s new book. It was
neat.

Next was the Colonial Happening. Not being a colonial collector, I was not well informed
on the varieties. But I did listen to the conversations and came away a bit smarter about
colonials.

The best surprises were (in my opinion) at the Large Cent Happening. I got to see the
three uncirculated 1793’s - chain, wreath, and liberty cap - at the first table. And were
there really 19 1799 S-189’s and the finest 1822 N-9 there to be seen? Wow! Just when I
was getting a little foggy eyes from seeing too may coins, I wandered back to the table in
the rear for a break. Dan Holmes was sitting there with a liberty cap cent on a blue 3x5
card with a question mark on it. Curious, I picked it up and noticed the reeded edge. Then I
looked at the obverse - it’s an S-79! And the finest known, at that. Need I say more?

Friday was a great day at the bourse. Didn’t buy much, but my intent was to look at
copper and I was successful at that. Mark Switzer and I were first in line to look at sale lots
and I was surprised when Mark passed a coin over to me to see. It was a double struck
1798 (S-145). Pretty low grade and porous, but a definitely neat coin. I marked it in my
sale catalog. I also saw the newly “discovered" S-96 (a nice looking coin) and the one I
came for, an 1811 misaligned die cent. Marked the 1811 in my sale catalog, too.

I also got to see a bunch of NC’s and Dr. Sheldon’s color set at Dan Holmes’ table.
What a collection! The rest of the day was sort of ho-hum (sarcasm). Just spent it looking
at - and buying-some regular copper. Discovered an off-center cent in a junk box (bought

it) and a nice misaligned die cent (waited). Always, I thought of those coins I had marked in
my sale catalog.

Saturday was education day for me. Dan Trollan gave an excellent talk on lettered edge
blunders and had examples of all types. Then I gave my talk on misaligned dies, followed
by Red Henry’s talk on the Early Date report. After a lunch break (where I looked at more
coppers and found an obverse brockage that I wanted, but could not afford), John Wright
gave a talk on FIDO’s. Wow - he had box after box of large cent errors, counter-

-153- XXXIII/192

feits, and do-dads (things made from large cents). They were all passed around and it was
great to be able to see them. Following the FIDO’s was Denis Loring’s grading talk. This
was a repeat for me, but I love hearing him talk about the subject. He had a full room.

A quick drive to Middletown, OH to pickup my son, and then back in plenty of time (hey
20 minutes is a lot) for the sale. It was a blast, even though it seemingly went on forever.
My son John bid for me. I think he was instrumental in my getting some of the lots (who
would bid against a kid?). We won an Early American Cents book, the 1798 double strike,
the 1811 misaligned die, an 1851 brass counterfeit, and an 1856 (I bought it because the
bids fell off at the end and it seemed like a bargain). The 1856 was from the RSB II sale.
Got to help with the checkout after the sale. It was a nice way to see some people again.

John and I spent the night at the Drawbridge and 8:30 came around too soon. We made
it up for a quick breakfast and then the EAC meeting. March Wells kept it short and to the
point and we were back on the bourse floor in less than 40 minutes. Spent the rest of the
morning looking at copper (some) and trying to locate dealers whose stock I wanted to see.
Most dealers were pretty busy, and I only got to see about 1/3 of what I had planned to see.
Oh well, there’s always next time.

The trip home was uneventful. Fewer police and less rain. And some pretty good
memories of an excellent EAC.

What really made EAC for me, though, were the “small” things that happened. Seeing
Mark Switzer’s “large” 1833 large cent, having Mike Packard make me a “souvenir” on the
loading dock and, later, having Mike chase my son and me down mid-sale to give one to
John. Discovering that another obverse brockage, an 1811, had shown up and spending
some time trying to find the owner, only to find he had already sold it (well, the thrill IS in the
hunt). Finding out that Mark Switzer had been appointed to the EAC board (we now have
some voting rights on the board!). Holding the S-79 and looking at an MS 1853 N-27
misaligned die cent. There are so many more, but mostly it was meeting the people.
Where else can you get a group of divergent individuals together with millions of dollars’
worth of coins, pass them around freely, and KNOW that it is all right? I can’t think of
another place.

Regrets? None, really. I do wish I had bought a couple more coins (I went home with
some money this time) and really wish there had been some more time on Sunday. I made
my choices. The trip home, though, convinced me I should have bought one of those large
cents I looked at a few times. We’ll see if it is still available.

I don’t know when I will make another EAC. I hope it can be next year. But until then, I
will have some awesome memories of EAC ’99.

*************

-154

MY FIRST EAC CONVENTION

Mike Gebhardt

What follows I my reaction to attending my first EAC Convention in Cincinnati this year. This
was truly an outstanding event and an overwhelming display of copper and related collectors.
Here is a Top 10 list (in no particular order) of what made the EAC Convention so memorable

for me:

1. The Sale:

■ My first

■ Winning a few lots within 10% of what I expected to pay

■ Losing several to a hammer several times what I expected to pay

■ Getting one lot at one-third of what I was willing to part with

■ Having a cigar at 1:00 a.m. outside in the mist, unable to get to sleep because of the
adrenaline rush of the entire bidding process (over 720 lots in 6 hours; 120 lots per hour;

two per minute)

2. Thanks to Steve Ellsworth for making me feel like an old pal at his table and at the sale.

3. Thanks to Bob Grellman for attributing and grading a few dozen of my lower grade Late
Dates, gratis, and for his advice before the sale.

4. Thanks to the many helpful volunteers, especially those at the sale lot preview tables, who

were shuttling coin boxes back and forth all day.

5. Thanks to Denis Loring for the Large Cent Grading lesson that solidified so many common
sense methods of evaluating the appeal of a coin, using both art and science to arrive at a

raw number.

6. Thanks to Rod Burress for the encouragement he’s given me. I’ve come to model my
grading methods based on his descriptions of coins I’ve purchased over the years.

7. With the purchase of an N-5 in VF25, the 1853 series is now complete; and with the

purchase of an N-4 in FI 2, the 1841 series is also complete.

8. It was good to see other familiar names never before met: Chris Victor-McCawley, Cliff
Fellage, Jack Robinson, Red Henry, and so many copper dealers who were always willing
to lend their insights to my every question.

9. Thanks to John Wright for his humorous hands-on presentation and sharing of dozens of
‘FIDO’ coins that I’d otherwise never see, all the while extolling the virtues of having fun
with copper.

10. A special thanks to my wonderful wife who stayed home with three young children because
she knew I needed a break from reality, and even promised I could go again next year (if
I’m good). Useful tip: bringing home flowers the day before leaving didn’t hurt either!

So what would I do differently next time?

■ Make a point of meeting even more people (having a list of attendees available

would be helpful)

■ Saving more funds for the sale

■ Crossing off coins from my want list as I acquired them (I now have two S-202’s

in G4)

■ Offer to volunteer at one of the tables

Through this experience, I have found that the strengths of our organization include the truly
good kinship among members, strengthened by a common fascination in early copper, and the
selfless efforts of a core group of members driven to making this group as rare and as enjoyable

as what we strive to collect.

*************

-155-

XXXIII/192

EAC CONVENTION PHOTO ALBUM

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Sometimes the Coin Collects You!

89 Hours at Cincinnati

Red Henry

Are you one of those EAC members who have never been to the annual convention? You need to go there. You really
do. I’ll try to describe it to you, from the viewpoint of someone who had never spent the weekend there before.

Whether you’re just getting a good start or you’ve been collecting for a long time, you can benefit from the convention.
I’ve been an EAC member for 8 years, and I’d classify myself as an intermediate collector, both regarding my coins and
my knowledge about them. I concentrate on the early dates but I also shop through unattributed middle dates for fun,
trying to build a variety set of those. At this stage, I can learn a lot from the experts and the advanced collectors, so I

decided to go to the EAC convention this year—and stay there for all four days.

The EAC convention! What images these words conjure up, for a dedicated Penny-Wise reader like me: the
happenings; the all-copper bourse; the seminars and forums; the dazzling exhibits; the EAC sale; the legendary copper
trading late at night in smoke-filled rooms. I had attended EAC conventions before, but only for a day in 1996 and for
a few hours in 1998. This year, I wanted to indulge in the whole EAC experience, and to contribute to it as well. I wrote
March Wells and scheduled an Early-Date Report meeting/seminar for Saturday. I made my hotel reservations way back

in February. I was ready.

Thursday, April 15th, Winchester, Virginia: I had planned to work part of the day, running our family music
business, but at 7 a.m. I decided to let my wife handle it all. I packed some clothes and was out of the driveway at 7:40.
The night before, I’d loaded the car with everything I could think of for the Early-Date Report seminar: Signs for the
meeting. List of topics for discussion. EDR handouts and data forms. Auction catalogs, for door prizes. Door prize slips.
Pencils for filling out door prize slips. Box for holding door prize slips. Cassette recorder, to tape the meeting. Kitty j ar
for EDR contributions. Spare paper, markers, and tape, for emergencies. You can’t cover everything, but you can try!

The drive was easy most of the way, even though it was raining. Then I came into Cincinnati. Half the expressway
must be under construction. Coming along 1-71, in the traffic, in the rain, searching for the unfamiliar off-ramp, I
remembered reading about Steve Carr’s experience several years ago. Careful... I got to the hotel safely by 4:00. Time

to relax until the Hospitality event.

At the Hospitality Suite, the food and the socializing were both enjoyable. There must have been well over 100 people
already in the room when I arrived. With a plateful of good things to eat and a suitable libation in hand, I sat down at
a table with Steve Ellsworth, Mike Hagen, Bill Eckberg, and Jerry and Sherry Stubblefield. We enjoyed some copper
conversation until almost 7:00, when the Happenings were scheduled to begin.

Large Cent Happening: what an innocent name for such a memorable copper event. I’d brought along my modest
examples of the early-date varieties to be displayed: 1793 S-5 and 1799 S-189. Well, my S-5 is nice and smooth, with
a strong LIBERTY but not much of a date. My S-189’s reverse die chip between E and T is really bold, but that coin
could use more of a date, too. I registered both coins and put them on the table, where they were immediately put “in

the shade” by the items already there.

1 promise you that the Happening, by itself, is a good reason to go to the convention. At this event, we saw some of
the finest copper in the world. Displayed on the tables, just for example, were some beautiful 1793 and 1799 cents, as
well as possibly 25% or more of the 1822 N-9’s in existence. The non-scheduled displays were just as exciting. This

was one of them:

Dan Holmes was sitting at a table with one large cent in front of him, placed on a card which just said Knowing

Dan, I came closer to see what he had there. It was a 1795 cent, a nice-looking brown VG. Dan smiled. “Take a look
at it. Do you know what it is?” he asked. Tom Reynolds, standing close by, said, “Oh, Red can figure it out.” Sure I
can. Talk about pressure! With Dan and Tom both watching, I picked the coin up and looked closely at both sides, and
said, “Free 5 in the date...Close LIBERTY...Close 79...That makes it...S-79?!”

Tom said, “Now look at the third side.” I felt embarrassed at not having done that in the first place. The edge had
even, delicate reeding, all the way around! It was indeed an S-79, the best one known, the rarest of the 295 numbered

-159-

XXXIII / 192

varieties, the “stopper” for nearly anyone’s collection, the Noyes plate coin... and Dan was letting us pick it up and look
at it! What an experience. And there were other unscheduled displays. The S-79 was not the rarest coin in the room!

I filled out a voting sheet on the Happening varieties, and then spent a while in conversation, ft was good to meet
collectors such as Bruce Reinoehl, Ed Zimmerman, and several other Early-Date Report members, all of whom had been
just names and addresses to me before. It was already worth the trip, and this was just Thursday! After the Happening,
it had been a long day. Time for some rest.

Friday started out with breakfast in the hotel with Mark Switzer, your EAC Region 8 Chairman, and Jon
Warshawsky, numismatic columnist and 1794 specialist. Our meal and conversation finished up just a few minutes
before 9:00, when the bourse was scheduled to open. Time to start—

I planned to do most of my shopping on Friday, since there were so many good seminars scheduled for Saturday.
I wanted to find upgrades for some of my weakest Sheldon varieties, but I didn’t want to hurry. I went around the bourse,
looking through dealers’ stocks for what I might want, and making myself a short list of possibilities. There were a lot
oftempting coins. There were also lots of pleasant conversations along the way with EDR members and others. Finally,

I went back around and acquired a nice-looking F+ dark olive S-235 (net VG10) fromCVM and a smooth S-171 (net
VG7) from Doug Bird. These will definitely improve the appearance of my early dates. I also yielded to impulse at Dan
Trollan’s table and picked up an S-270 with an obverse which later brushed up to a beautiful, near-choice, olive-and-
tan VF. (Don’t ask about the reverse.) I still had a few coins on my list, and I could get one or two of them on Sunday
if I didn’t buy anything in the sale Saturday night. BUT...

It was time to look over some of the sale lots. I had marked some items in my catalog, and I spent a few minutes
examining each one. Now, if you have never seen the EAC sale lots in person, but have only read the grades and
descriptions in the sale catalog, be ready for a revelation. The coins are VERY conservatively graded. They are VERY
critically described. Many are REALLY nice for the grade. You have to see them!

Looking over the lots, I was somewhat interested in Lot #133, a very decent S-27, VG-7 net G-4. The CQR value
was high enough so that I would only have a chance if the bidding stopped near that price. There was also Lot #300,
a choice VG S-259, which would be an upgrade for me. But then... I looked at Lot #151, the S-60.1 thought, This is
it. Sometimes you collect the coin; sometimes the coin collects you .

Here’s what the sale catalog said. “Lot 151:1794 S-60. Sharpness Grade: 12. Net Grade: 8. Comments: Chocolate
with lighter devices. Recolored long ago. Slight surface granularity. AVERAGE.” Now, different people will see things
a little differently, and different people’s eyes will perceive color differently (we find this a lot in astronomy). Here’s
how I would have described the coin: “Dark olive with light olive devices from old rubbing. Fields semi-glossy. Clean
rims, and no problems. Good eye appeal all over. Red Henry needs this coin.” But to get it, I had to wait until Saturday
night!

Friday afternoon wasn’t over, so I went and upgraded a few of my middle dates to VG (that’s right) out of Chris
Young’s boxes of loose copper. Found a couple of neat rotated reverses, too. Then I went over to Tom Reynolds’ table
and looked through his $9.00 box to see if I could find anything I wanted—and sure enough, in the bottom of the box,
there was an 1838. The curl had a raised center. It was an N-14! The coin said, “Buy me, buy me.” I didn’t have this
variety. Tom probably knew it was in there. He once told me that he leaves an R-4 in the box sometimes, as a little reward
for cent hunters. That’s the kind of spirit EAC needs! Now I only lack 19 middle dates, plus the restrike. Thanks, Tom.

With Friday evening came a very pleasant dinner at Charterhouse Restaurant with Mike Lawrence, Debi Kaye, and
Joel Springam. The prime rib was mighty fine. Talk topics included Mike’s impressive exhibit of 1793 Liberty Caps,
Joel’s sale that day of his unique gold Conder token to a collector he couldn’t turn down, and an unattributed 1797 cent
which Debi had just acquired from Colonel Steve. After supper, it was time to rest.

Saturday morning, I had to be ready for my Early-Date Report meeting, so I took two boxes of material around to
the seminar room. Back in the restaurant, I had breakfast and conversation with Mark Switzer and a new friend, “Mitch”
Mitchell, a specialist in Fugio and Vermont coinage. The subject drifted from state coinage to the current coin market.
Mark, who is in touch with public coin awareness every weekend at the flea market, says the future of coin collecting

is bright. Hope so.

-160-

The bourse hadjust opened, but instead I went around to hear Dan Trollan’s 9:30 seminar on edge-letter error cents.
Dan gave a good explanation ofhow the edge dies were used (or misused) to create certain errors, and he made educated
guesses on how some weird errors came about. He passed around quite a few real-life examples for our inspection,
including an interesting coin he’d recently acquired, which may have been run backwards through the edge dies, to judge

from the edge error which resulted.

The 10:30 seminar was by Steve Carr, giving a talk about off-center cents. Steve began by explaining how the coin
dies required very precise adjustment, and how they could be badly adjusted in various ways. He then discussed the
results of die misadjustment, and passed around examples of coins made by vertically and horizontally misaligned dies.
Steve discussed the effects of misadjusting the die adjustment screws, and the effects of even slightly worn adjustment
screws on the striking process. He speculated about when some die adjustment screws might have been replaced, based
on the consistency of centering seen on the classic heads. Good talk, Steve. Then it was 11:30—my turn.

An excellent crowd gathered for our Early-Date Report meeting. 29 people attended, including about 25 EDR
participants and several new prospects. One big reason I scheduled the meeting was so that I could meet more of the EDR
members, and it was a pleasure to see so many. For the first time I met Mike Schmidt, publisher of THE SCORE, who
had come down to the convention along with his father. It was also a nice surprise to have John Wright present, a man
who knows all about publishing an EAC collection list—as well as many other things about copper.

At the start of the meeting, I talked for a few minutes about the history of collection lists and EDR in particular, and
then opened up the floor for questions. There were several very good discussion topics raised, including membership
policies, rarity ratings, publishing limitations, and proposed improvements in the publication. John contributed helpful
historical and practical comments. By the end of the discussion, I had learned more about what I was doing, and I hope
that others had benefitted as well. We accomplished the door prize drawings, and closed out the meeting. Thanks to all
of you for coming—perhaps we can hold another meeting at a future EAC convention.

It was lunch break, so I went back to the bourse and began digging through Don Weathers’ bulk middle dates for
a few more upgrades. I got to talking to Don and looking at coins, then suddenly realized I was late for John Wright’s
talk, which I didn’t want to miss. I hastily excused myself and went around to the seminar room. I was several minutes
late, but still in time to examine tray after tray of interesting error cents, altered cents, and mutilated cents, everything
you can think of and more, which John passed around for everyone to see and examine. Afterwards, 1 said to him, “You
must have been accumulating these for thirty years!” He thought for a moment and said, “More like forty.”

Saturday evening I wanted to attend the sale, so I had an early supper at the hotel restaurant with Jerry and Sherry
Stubblefield, Steve Ellsworth, and Mike Hagen. Afterwards, we all drifted around to the sale room. Now began an
entirely new part of my copper education. For those of you who have never been to the sale, here’s how it went:

6:30: The sale starts, and there are over 100 bidders present. 720 lots to go. Denis Loring, our able and hardy
auctioneer, is assisted by Jack Robinson and Bob Grellman, who are making the “book” bids and keeping the records.
Denis opens Lot #1, and works methodically but fast. The Conders, colonials, hard times tokens, and half cents bring
good bidder action. Donated lots such as the Russian 10-ruble piece and the Three Stooges Beer all sell well, “All
proceeds to EAC.” Then it’s back to the coins. The early-date cents come up—and the bidding is very strong.

If you have never attended one of these sales, you cannot imagine how fast and accurate Denis is in moving the lots.
You better know exactly what you are bidding on and what you are willing to pay, because otherwise you’ll be missing
out on what you want and obstructing the proceedings for everyone else. Hold up your number while you’re bidding on
a lot, and then take it down out of sight. Fast. Denis calls the bids about as fast as I can think them.

Lot # 133: This is the S-27 in which I had some interest. Many lots have already sold high over CQR, so I am curious
what the S-27 will do. It’s pretty spectacular. The bids quickly zoom to almost 3 times CQR. Other early dates went
high, too, and this was definitely NOT just “auction fever” among overenthusiastic collectors. The dealers were heavily
in the bidding as well. With many lots in the sale, we’re talking about VERY NICE MATERIAL for the grade. As I

said, you have to see it.

Lot #151 comes up— MY S-60. There is a “book” bid at the CQR price. Well, the coin might grade VG-8, but I
hold up my bidder number, because I think it’s worth VG-10 money. Apparently two other collectors think the same

XXXffl /192

thing, and the bidding runs up rapidly in $25 increments. I keep my number raised until Denis knocks the lot down to
me, at 40% above CQR. Sold. This entire process takes about FOUR SECONDS. I told you Denis works fast!

After I win the S-60,1 can relax and be a spectator. I see several Early-Date Report members winning bids—I’ll
look forward to receiving their collection updates. At 9:10, after the 1802’s, we take a short break. Starting back again,
Denis is going faster, really rolling now. But some people seem to think their bidder numbers are flash cards. A few bids
get confused. Denis pauses to admonish the sloppy bidders: “I IMPLORE you, HOLD YOUR NUMBER UP until you
are finished bidding!” Some of them comply. The S-259 sells for 60% over CQR.

9:30: Oh, no. Rock-and-roll music starts in the next room. It’s a big party over there. Great. All we need is
distraction—

10:00: The middle dates start. Some bidders have drifted away, and I count 55 people in the room. Dealers are taking
more of the lots. Collectors seem to be jumping in on just the specific coins they really want. A few more lots are going
to the book. Lot 400... Lot 500... Some EDR members are working on their middle dates, too.

11:10: Almost five hours have gone by. We take another break, although Denis shows no sign of weakening. Doug
Bird walks by, commenting, “By this time I’m usually numb from the neck up. Now, I’m numb from the neck up AND
from the neck down.” It’s a short break, then back to the action.

11:40: The music next door increases in volume. It’s harder to hear. Denis soldiers on. “Folks, we have 130 lots to
go!” The music gets even louder and Steve Ellsworth, bidding on a lot, starts boogieing in his chair. He gyrates and dances
in his seat, raising and lowering his bidder number in time to the music. This earns him a stentorian reprimand from the
auctioneer’s podium: “YOU COULD DIE AN EARLY DEATH!” Steve holds his number up high above his head, and
wins the lot.

11:50: Lot 621. The music is La Macarena. There are 36 die-hards left in the room. Most lots go to the dealers.

Midnight: We’ve been in here a long time. Another donated lot comes up. It’s a carrot cake! “All proceeds to EAC.”
Looks good, too. The bidding starts. The price crawls slowly up to $50. Then a familiar voice from the back of the room
jumps the bid: “$100!”

Denis calls, “Do I hear $110?”

“$110!” the voice says. I turn around and look. It’s Dan Holmes, bidding against himself!

Denis: “Do I hear $120?”

Dan: “$120!” We smile at that.

Denis: “Do I hear $130?”

Dan: “$130!” By this time we’re chuckling.

Denis: “Do I hear $140?”

Dan: “$140!” Now we’re laughing out loud.

Denis: “Do I hear $8000?” There were no bidders at that price, so Dan won the cake, to our applause. He sliced
it and placed it in the back of the room, so everyone could have a piece.

12:15: Lot 680.1 was feeling pretty tired, but now I’m getting my second wind. It’s not getting any earlier, though.
The music got quiet for a while, but now it’s loud again. Denis is really knocking these last lots out.

12:21: Lot 700.

12:35: That’s all. The sale is over. I stand in line for a few minutes to pick up my S-60. It’s just as I remember it.
A two-tone Fine, net VG-8. It’s a neat coin. Your classic Rouse “Collector B,” that’s me. Time to get some sleep.

Sunday was mostly a blur. I attended the business meeting, but was on the interstate by 9:40, and was in my driveway
by 5:10—not bad. I’ll say it one more time: you ought to attend the convention. For the whole weekend. At least once.

The carrot cake was good, too.

-162-

EAC ANNUAL MEETING, FT. MITCHELL, KENTUCKY, SUNDAY APRIL 18, 1999
The meeting was called to order at 9:05 AM by President March Wells. The following

Tom Reynolds, Omaha, NE

members and guests were in attendance:

Rod Burress, Cincinnati, OH
Doug Bird, Hermosa Beach, CA
Wes Rasmussen, Las Vegas, NV
Tom Rinaldo, Bolinas, CA
Jerry Bobbe, Portland, OR
Steven Ellsworth, Clifton, VA
Red Henry, Winchester, VA
Mike Packard, Fairfax, VA
Don Weathers, Memphis, TN
Shawn Yancey, Springfield, MO
Steve Carr, Overland Park, KS
Harry Salyards, Hastings, NE
Al Boka, Las Vegas, NV
Tom Turissini, Wilkes-Barre, PA
Barry Kurian, Roswell, GA
Chuck Heck, Bohemia, NY
Gene Braig, Cleveland, OH
Mitch Mitchell, Seattle, WA
Denis Loring, New York, NY
Bob Miller, Elmwood Park, NJ
Mike Fedder, Johnson City, TN
Steve Fischer, Pt. Marion, PA
Stan Stephens, Morgantown, WV
Ken Schugars, Muskegon, Ml
Anthony Terranova, New York, NY
Bill Eckberg, Alexandria, VA
Robert Jacks, Jr, Newark, OH
Mark Borckardt, Wolfeboro, NH
Ken Mote, Lima, OH
John Wright, St. Joseph, Ml
Dan Holmes, Cleveland, OH
Phil Moore, Northridge, CA
Linda Hodge, Garland, TX
Frank Goss, Baltimore, MD
Greg Heim, N. Brunswick, NJ
Paul Fisher, Muncie, IN
Herbert Schmidt, Portland, IN

Gail Baker, Colorado Springs, CO
Bob Grellman, Lake Mary, FL
Ron Manley, Brentwood, TN
Sharon Bobbe, Portland, OR
Jerry Stubblefield, Fulton, MS
Phyllis Thompson, Dayton, OH
Bob Klosterboer, Pocatello, ID
John Millsap, Houston, TX
Mark Switzer, Prince Frederick, MD
Phil Ralls, Glendale, CA
Jon Lusk, Ann Arbor, Ml
Jeff Gresser, Las Vegas, NV
H. Craig Hamling, Florida, NY
Rich Weber, Houston, TX
Rick Coleman, Crosby, TX
Donna Levin, New York, NY
John Griffee, Ocala, FL
Lanny Reinhardt, Stroudsburg, PA
Terry Stahurski, Cleveland, OH
Don Valenziano, Hicksville, NY
Jim McGuigan, Pittsburgh, PA
Rod Widok, Inverness, IL
Chris McCawley, Edmond, OK
Stu Levine, Sudbury, MA
Bob Yuell, Plainsboro, NJ
Charles Davis, Wenham, MA
Fred Lake, St. Petersburg, FL
Harry Colburn, Murrysville, PA
Mabel Ann Wright, St. Joseph, Ml
Lou Alfonso, Boca Raton, FL
Stu Hodge, Garland, TX
Ed Jasper, Dallas, TX
Lisa Heim, N. Brunswick, NJ
Jerry Dowling, Torrance, CA
Michael Schmidt, Portland, IN
William Hopkins, Anchorage, KY

Michael Willoughby & Paula Ferland-Willoughby, Johnson City, TN

A number of people were thanked for their contributions to the convention:
Convention Chair: Rod Burress

Happenings: Greg & Lisa Heim, Jon Warshawsky, Jan Valentine, Dennis Wierzba

-163-

XXXIII / 192

Program Speakers and Exhibitors [Editor’s note: individually acknowledged

elsewhere in this issue of P-W .]

EAC Sale: Tom Reynolds, Wes Rasmussen, Carl Recko, Denis Loring, Jack
Robinson, Bob Grellman, Greg and Lisa Heim
Registration: Hank Spangenberger, Phyllis Thompson

A card was passed around for Wayne Anderson, who is battling lung cancer.

A plaque was presented to Wes Rasmussen, “in recognition for his distinguished

service as EAC President, 1996-1999.”

Notes from the EAC Board Meeting:

The EAC Editor’s Award goes to Craig Sholley for his original research.

The EAC Literary Award goes to Ron Manley for his half cent die state book.

A special award was also given to Stack’s for its catalog of the John Whitney
Collection of the Coins of 1796.

Dues will remain the same for next year.

Jon Warshawsky will be given four scholarships for EAC membership to be used as
prizes for his Numismatic News column.

Mark Switzer has been appointed Chairman of Region 8, with a vote on the board.

At the Educational Forum, ANA Presidential Recognition Awards were presented by
Gail Baker Kraljevich to Harry Salyards, and John and Mabel Ann Wright.

Nominating Committee chairman Phil Ralls reported that all candidates proposed had
been elected. {Editor’s note: a complete report appears elsewhere in this issue of P-W]

The Treasurer’s Report was published in the March Penny-Wise .

Upcoming Conventions:

2000: April 6-9, Port Canaveral, Florida, at the Radisson Resort
2001: Northern Virginia, probably in early May
2002: Las Vegas, possibly at the Mandalay Bay

Don Valenziano reported a new half cent subvariety, a 1795 C-4b, thick planchet,
plain edge.

Wes Rasmussen reported that Bob Matthews is having a difficult battle with cancer,
and would welcome the membership’s good wishes.

March Wells encouraged all EAC members to become more active in the club.

The meeting was adjourned at 9:30 AM.

Respectfully submitted,

Denis W. Loring,

National Secretary.

-164-

1999 EAC Sale--Cincinnati
Total Bids (318001.00)

Lot

Bid

Lot

Bid

130

300

1100

1050

170

450

180

320

100

375

600

160

280

140

100

425

130

950

140

220

200

220

100

170

150

325

110

130

120

110

325

100

160

110

101

170

102

140

110

103

100

180

104

1000

105

120

106

190

107

600

108

120

350

109

280

110

170

2500

111

2400

112

1200

113

110

190

114

350

1400

115

140

390

116

4400

160

117

750

800

118

1900

110

119

1300

700

120

550

100

121

1250

700

122

1900

260

123

2600

600

124

500

190

125

850

395

126

1400

425

127

475

100

128

1550

200

129

190

130

450

260

131

260

240

132

250

350

133

1500

220

134

425

17 April 1999

Lot

Bid

Lot

Bid

135

360

202

310

136

425

203

140

137

450

204

700

138

375

205

550

139

600

206

170

140

1600

207

100

141

700

208

325

142

1500

209

130

143

1800

210

350

144

300

211

150

145

550

212

146

800

213

800

147

2400

214

2000

148

400

215

149

120

216

150

1400

217

151

350

218

1400

152

300

219

650

153

130

220

500

154

500

221

150

155

950

222

900

156

10500

223

2600

157

130

224

120

158

475

225

3600

159

425

22 6

7000

160

600

227

1050

161

400

228

162

1200

229

1400

163

2400

230

180

164

130

231

550

165

200

232

190

166

475

233

167

1200

234

160

168

150

235

600

169

475

236

465

170

700

237

171

3600

238

1200

172

105

239

150

173

11500

240

170

174

160

241

175

450

242

176

325

243

177

200

244

650

178

1300

245

220

179

1700

246

1700

180

800

247

240

181

130

248

3000

182

425

249

400

183

2400

250

1200

184

251

950

185

650

252

950

186

850

253

750

187

130

254

265

188

800

255

300

189

220

256

100

190

300

257

900

191

300

258

275

192

180

259

193

450

260

194

180

261

600

195

350

262

196

140

263

120

197

240

264

230

198

1300

265

220

199

450

2 66

280

200

160

267

1000

201

550

268

425

Lot

Bid

Lot

269

350

336

270

425

337

271

1700

338

272

190

339

273

300

340

274

120

341

275

200

342

276

350

343

277

130

344

278

135

345

279

170

346

280

140

347

281

450

348

282

349

283

200

350

284

351

285

352

286

120

353

287

650

354

288

850

355

289

356

290

357

291

625

358

292

1500

359

293

350

360

294

425

361

295

450

362

296

350

363

297

650

364

298

365

299

300

366

300

150

367

301

368

302

369

303

325

370

304

200

371

305

110

372

306

600

373

307

1000

374

308

3100

375

309

130

376

310

300

377

311

325

378

312

379

313

1200

380

314

2000

381

315

382

316

600

383

317

400

384

318

850

385

319

386

320

260

387

321

1000

388

322

375

389

323

300

390

324

850

391

325

500

392

326

475

393

327

150

394

328

1800

395

329

130

396

330

150

397

331

1100

398

332

150

399

333

600

400

334

401

335

425

402

Bid

Lot

Bid

900

403

1000

125

404

900

425

405

1500

406

190

407

240

650

408

700

800

409

1300

280

410

140

325

411

325

165

412

800

375

413

950

4000

414

1400

375

415

550

350

416

800

240

417

150

425

418

2400

650

419

150

425

420

800

1200

421

300

200

422

500

423

300

220

424

300

375

425

800

850

426

450

427

125

500

428

180

310

429

1600

190

430

220

431

150

300

432

375

525

433

225

325

434

160

170

435

240

400

436

350

220

437

240

438

240

300

439

300

440

190

700

441

250

450

442

325

500

443

130

850

444

1400

445

900

325

446

1200

280

447

1100

350

448

375

449

220

260

450

260

451

350

452

1200

453

550

375

454

280

455

375

280

456

475

457

250

200

458

260

275

459

750

375

460

375

461

220

150

462

275

463

110

464

2400

325

465

170

2800

466

1400

467

1000

468

240

180

469

-165-

XXXIII /192

1999 EAC Sale-Cincinnati 17 April 1999

Lot

Bid

Lot

Bid

Lot

Bid

Lot

Bid

470

450

540

350

610

680

471

541

1200

611

150

681

472

1200

542

160

612

682

220

473

543

110

613

140

683

150

474

800

544

650

614

240

684

475

545

375

615

400

685

476

300

546

650

616

686

477

3800

547

140

617

220

687

478

325

548

618

500

688

479

170

549

220

619

160

689

350

480

275

550

180

620

385

690

260

481

190

551

100

621

170

691

160

482

280

552

160

622

22 0

692

400

483

240

553

190

623

310

693

220

484

554

450

624

1600

694

120

485

555

500

625

695

486

556

1200

626

260

696

487

700

557

627

697

110

488

190

558

1600

628

180

698

240

489

559

375

629

230

699

650

490

300

560

700

630

700

120

491

650

561

300

631

701

120

492

150

562

632

150

702

493

130

563

200

633

220

703

325

494

180

564

750

634

260

704

425

495

600

565

450

635

130

705

160

496

566

120

636

375

706

135

497

160

567

637

110

707

425

498

175

568

130

638

375

708

350

499

170

569

100

639

100

709

130

500

200

570

130

640

710

501

160

571

120

641

100

711

130

502

572

350

642

712

300

503

750

573

550

643

140

713

504

574

190

644

450

714

130

505

100

575

100

645

150

715

100

506

576

646

170

716

200

507

110

577

325

647

220

111

508

100

578

648

120

718

140

509

579

120

649

719

130

510

580

650

130

720

325

511

581

120

651

220

512

375

582

652

513

583

450

653

514

700

584

654

515

450

585

310

655

516

180

586

475

656

517

587

100

657

518

588

658

220

]

519

475

589

350

659

300

520

130

590

660

325

521

260

591

425

661

522

592

110

662

220

523

593

150

663

524

130

594

240

664

400

525

140

595

110

665

526

250

596

325

666

527

950

597

415

667

528

598

140

668

529

130

599

110

669

530

800

600

800

670

531

150

601

671

532

602

140

672

533

220

603

100

673

534

475

604

240

674

535

425

605

150

675

536

150

606

150

676

537

607

677

538

110

608

150

678

539

550

609

679

IMPORTANT NOTICE
TO ALL CONSIGNORS TO THE SALE

As reported elsewhere in this issue of P-W .Tom
Reynolds was robbed of his entire inventory on
the night of April 25. In addition to his coins, he
lost all of his reference material, and all docu¬
mentation related to the recently-completed EAC
Sale.

Every consignor received a 5 x 8 inch sheet from
Tom, acknowledging the consignment, and listing
each lot belonging to that consignor. Tom
needs to have a copy of that sheet from
each and every consignor, or at a very min¬
imum, a note indicating the first lot number
belonging to each consignor, in order to be able
to reconstruct how much is owed to whom
in the aftermath of the Sale.

Second, due to the additional time involved to
accomplish this task, consignors should be
advised that their payment will be delayed
until June 25.

We obviously regret the inconvenience. But the
circumstances surrounding the robbery, many
of which must remain confidential at this point,
make it quite clear that Tom was fortunate to
escape with the loss of only his inventory. I ask
you to give him your full support in this time of
trial.

—the Editor.

Lots listed at $0 were repurchased
by the consignor.

-166-

EAC MEETING HELD AT THE ANA
NATIONAL MONEY SHOW IN SACRAMENTO CALIFORNIA

MARCH 13,1999

Jan Valentine

An EAC meeting was held during the ANA National Money Show in Sacramento, Saturday
13th, 1999. Topics discussed were coin pressings, the EAC Convention to be held in April in
Cincinnati, and the ongoing attempt to have EAC meetings at the Sacramento Coin Shows held
twice a year. Those who signed in were:

Steven Ellsworth
Randy Snyder
Stan Henneman
Gene Heard
G. Lee Kuntz

*************

Bob T ravis
Frank Stangl
Bob Vail
John Keyes
Jan Valentine

NEW CANDIDATES FOR MEMBERSHIP

The following persons have applied for membership in EAC since the last issue of P-W .
Provided that no adverse comments on any particular individual are received by the
membership committee before the July issue of P-W . all will be declared elected to full
membership at that time. Chairman of the Membership committee is Rod Burress, 9743
Leacrest, Cincinnati, Ohio 45215.

NAME

CITY, STATE

MEMBER #

Jami Lyne Teal

Tomahawk, Wl

4723

Charles T. Koehler

Hamilton, OH

4724

Michael Willoughby

Johnson City, TN

2725

Nicholas A. Forster

Burnham, Bucks, England

4726

Brad T roemel

Aurora, IL

4727

John Robinson

Lawton, OK

4728

John Millsap

Houston, TX

4729

Gary Rosner

Long Beach, CA

4730

Michael Ham bridge

Deer Park, WA

4731

Paula Robinson

Jacksonville, FL

4732

Wendell Lutz

T ucson, AZ

4733

Kirk Bailey

Midlothian, VA

4734

Gary Adkins

Edina, MN

4735

Fred Daily

San Francisco, CA

4736

Terry L. Guthrie

Anchorage, AK

4737

William Golden

Ft. Lauderdale, FL

4738

Young M. Park

Waltham, MA

4739

Paul Leibig

Elmira, NY

4740

Clark F. Jeschke

Winchester, VA

4741

Edward Jendry

Conway, MA

4742

*************

- 167-

XXXIII /192

MID-ATLANTIC REGIONAL MEETING

EAC will meet at the Maryland State Coin Show in Baltimore, Saturday June 12 at 1
PM. Any questions, contact Bill Eckberg < weckbera@howard.edu >

* * *

NY - NJ REGIONAL MEETING

There will be an EAC meeting at the Westchester “WESPNEX” Coin Show on
Saturday June 19,1999. The meeting will start at 10 AM.

The “WESPNEX” is held at the Westchester County Center, Bronx River Parkway &
Central Avenue, White Plains, NY. Please check at the registration booth for the
designated meeting room.

Discussion topics will include the recent EAC Convention, current grading practices,
Region 8, etc. Please bring any coppers you would like to show off.

Respectfully,

Chuck Heck & Don Valenziano
*************

TALKING BEGINNERS - WAYS TO COLLECT LARGE CENTS

Steve Carr

I had a mental illumination about four years ago. This was one of those cases where
the light bulb flashes in your mind and something that was floating in a fog right before your
eyes suddenly becomes very clear.

What turned this light bulb on was a pair of large cents. They were late dates that
were - at best - scudzy, and they were varieties I already had. So why the light bulb?

These two cents looked different. They had been heavily modified with two screw
holes and a key passage way cut into each one to form the two sides of a door key way.
The work was somewhat crude. So why the light bulb?

These two cents were my introduction to collecting large cents that had been
converted into other items (see number 21 below). They led me to articles on large cents
made into other items, which Dr. Warren Lapp wrote for The Numismatist . In addition,
these two coins have helped me meet several other collectors of “odd and curious” large
cents. They are constant conversation pieces whenever I pull them out. In short, the light
bulb was the realization that I had “discovered” a new (to me) area of collecting early
coppers.

-168-

I'm sure we have all had this same experience. We all started with that one (or those
several) early copper(s). Then we added more, and the process was underway. We
started collecting coppers in new and different ways.

Perhaps that is why early American copper collecting has been so popular over the
years. There are so many different ways to collect, that each individual really sets his or her

own collecting limits.

Two things MUST be clarified before I go any further. First, this paper will deal with
ways to collect, with the focus on large cents. The reason is simple - large cents are what I
collect and study. But these same ways can be used to collect other early coppers (or half
dimes, or silver dollars, or Tibetan coins of the 12 th century for that matter!). Tweak the

parameters a bit to fit.

Second, there are no wrong ways to collect early coppers (or half dimes, . . . ) and
collecting areas are very diverse. One EAC’er I know collects holed large cents by date. At
last count, he was three coins away from completing his set. Another EAC’er recently
completed a variety set of early and middle dates cents by Sheldon and Newcomb number.
A third EAC’er collects large cents by Sheldon number, seeking the worst condition
attributable coin available. A fourth EAC’er is assembling a set of different color large
cents. He currently has about 30 different shades, from a light tan to black. And the list

goes on and on.

Are any of these people collecting the wrong things? Heavens, NO! Each of us
determines what we want and what we can afford. And that is what we collect.

For a beginner, though, selecting a way to start collecting early copper can be a
problem. For an advanced collector, sometimes the rigors or cost of collecting a certain
way limit the enjoyment of the hobby. To anyone who is interested in collecting in a
different manner, just pick a new area and start collecting coppers that way.

The following are a number of different ways coppers can be collected. This list is by
no means comprehensive, but merely a guide to suggest possible ways or directions for

collecting.

1. Collect by date. This is how most of us get hooked on early coppers. A date set
can be collected by just about anyone, although a few of the earlier dated coins (1793,
1799, and 1804) are expensive, even in low grades. You can limit this category by
collecting a date set of late dates (1840 - 1857), a date set of middle dates (1816 - 1839),
or a date set of early dates (1793 -1814). A combination of any of the three is another way

coppers can be collected.

2. Collect by variety. This is perhaps the most common way to collect early
coppers. Early date large cents are usually collected by Sheldon numbers while middle
date and late date cents are collected by Newcomb numbers. Completing a set in any of
the three areas is a difficult task, as a few varieties are extremely rare (S-79 for the early
dates, 1822 N-15 for the middle dates, and 1848 N-46 for the late dates). But the chance

always exists that one will turn up at the next show. You never know!

-169-

XXXIII/192

3. Collect a year by variety. Pick any year and try to obtain an example of each
variety known for that year. Some years are easy (1832 with three varieties comes to mind)
and others hard (1794 has 69 different varieties, including 11 NC’s and 10 R8 varieties!).
When picking a year, ancestor “anniversary” years are sometimes selected (like birth years,
wedding years, years they moved or had children, etc.). Other choices might be dates of
historic occurrences.

4. Collect by Red Book variety. This is another popular way to collect large cents.
Pick any year Red Book (A Guide Book of United States Coins by R. S. Yeoman) and
collect the varieties listed. The varieties listed do vary from year to year.

5. Collect by album. National Coin Albums were a popular way to collect large
cents (and half dimes ...) half a century ago. They are ringed binders made of thick card
stock. Craig Hamling is currently writing a series on this type of collection for Penny-Wise.
Whitman bookshelf albums never seemed too popular with contemporary large cent
collectors, but they could also form the parameters of a nice collection.

6. Collect by die state. Many large cent varieties were struck from dies that
became damaged in use. This caused cracks, flow lining, and cuds, which progress in their
development. Collecting a variety in early die state (EDS), middle die state (MDS), and late
die state (LDS) will show a sharply struck example (EDS), a very flow lined or cracked
example (LDS), and an example of one in between (MDS). Multiple examples are collected
for some varieties, where intermediate steps have been identified for die states.

7. Collect by coin pedigree. Choose a famous (or not so famous) collector of large
cents (or half dimes . . . ) and collect coins they once owned. Coins from John Adams’
collection of 1794’s are avidly sought by collectors and at least one EAC’er (me) collects
coins that once belonged to Frank Andrews.

8. Collect proof-only coins. Proof large cents were first struck in 1817 and are
known for every year after that until 1857. If you plan to collect proofs, be prepared to have
deep pockets. Proofs are high ticket items by themselves, but the 1834 N-7 will set you
back some serious money. A few circulated proofs are available.

9. Collect different obverse portraits. This could include one example of each
portrait (1793 - 1857), an example each portrait used in a year (three for 1794 and five for
1839), or by portrait style (collect only first hair style draped bust cents).

10. Collect by grade. Select a grade and collect coins in that grade, or with that
grade as a minimum. It may be VF middle date cents or AU - Unc late date cents. Or it
may be Fine or better middle dates or Good and better early dates. This, I think, is the way
most of us collect, at least subconsciously, as our coins then “match” each other in some
manner.

Some people can be pretty creative collecting by grade. As I’ve said, at least one
EAC’er is working on a Sheldon set in BS1. Another collects choice AG coins. Your tastes
and budget will guide you on what to collect.

11. Collect Condition Census coins. Collect only the finest of the finest, one of the
ten best examples of a variety. You might strive for "top 5” coins or CC#1 coins. This type
of collecting will cost you. CC coins draw big premiums! Collecting CC#10 coins can be
quite challenging, as new CC coins are occasionally found, bumping the old CC#10 off the
list.

-170

12. Collect a color set. Early cents tone in some spectacular ways, and examples
of the different shades are collectible. In fact, William Sheldon collected like this. His color
set is still intact. Colors can be collected in a progression of colors or different coins can be
collected in one shade. A corollary way to collect would be to collect contrasting color
devices and fields or coins with wood grain streaking.

13. Collect plated coins. These are coins that are pictured in auction catalogs,
reference books, or fixed price lists. There are lots of plates in lots of sources, so some
very common coins - along with the most desired coins - have been plated.

14. Collect counterstamps. Counterstamps are letters, numbers, and/or pictures
that have been punched or engraved onto the coin’s surface. Collectors can collect
different counterstamps, counterstamps for an individual, or counterstamps for groups,
cities, or occupations. Random letters and numbers are usually not identifiable, so are not
as widely collected.

15. Collect by engraver / designer. This set would include six cents (ok, make it
seven with two by Robert Scot), a chain, a wreath, a liberty cap, a draped bust, a classic
head, a middle date head, and a late date. Collect by grade and/or color. Wow — we can
even combine these types of collecting!

16. Collect only a specific variety. Specific varieties are usually collected only when
there is an interesting progression in die states or when the variety is rare. EAC’ers collect
1817 mouse heads, 1818 N-4’s, 1831 N-12’s, 3-error reverses, etc.

17. Collect RARE coins. Collect only coins that are R4 or rarer. Or make it R5 (R6,

R7).

18. Collect holed coins. That’s right, coins with holes in them. Large cents were
used as washers, necklaces, good luck pieces, etc, all requiring a hole. One EAC’er is
trying to complete a holed date set. At last count, he was missing only 3 years!

19. Collect error coins. Some large cent errors are prevalent while others are rare.
Types of errors include off center strikes, double strikes, incomplete coins (clipped),
brockages, engraving errors, laminations, rotated reverses, misaligned dies, and everything
in-between. Errors have a certain allure to them, but have never been widely collected.
Combining collecting styles, you might try to get a copy of each type error, or you might
choose one type of error (off-center strikes, for example) and collect those. Double profile
cents, which result from strike doubling, are also collected by date and variety.

20. Collect a variety by error. This might include several S-276’s with reverses
rotated to different positions or several off center 1844 N-5’s going in different directions. It
might be several 1810 S-283’s or 1853 N-27’s with obverse dies misaligned in different
directions

21. Collect the endless variety of “devices” made from large cents. These include
washers, combs, armour, jewelry, gears, key ways, etc. Specialize in one or save them all.

22. Collect altered “E” cents. There are several collectors of these cents and it is
rumored that at least one exists for every year of large cent production. Only the
“contemporary” pieces are collected.

23. Collect whatever makes you happy and excited. Something from the list should
excite you, but if it does not, choose another way to collect. If you are like me, the collecting

-171- XXXIII/192

theme is only the beginning. The thrills come with the hunt and the knowledge I gain
from researching a new area.

Finally, share your collection with someone. Tell them the story(s) behind your coins
and what makes them special to you. You may find your collection just doubled in

value!

SOME MORE ABBREVIATIONS

M - Miller numbers. For Henry C. Miller, who wrote The State Coinage of Connecticut .
When referring to Connecticut colonial coins, the letter “M” placed before a number
refers to the variety designation.

N - Newman numbers. For Eric Newman, a numismatic scholar who described
varieties of the Fugio cent. When referring to Fugios, the letter “N” placed before a
number refers to the variety designation.

V - Vlack numbers. For Robert Vlack, who identified Machin’s Mills colonial varieties.
When referring to Machin’s Mills coins, the letter “V” placed before a number refers to
the variety designation.

Thanks to everyone who commented on the abbreviations. If you have any others,
feel free to contact me. Steve Carr, 6815 West 82 Street, Overland Park, KS 66204
< scarr@4002@aol.com >

****** *******
ROD BURRESS, EAC #109 9743 Leacrest

Cincinnati, OH 45215

(513) 771 -0696

For Sale

#4 Soft Jewelers Brush $8.50 each

Jewelers Tissue 4x4 inch sheets box of 1000 $7.00pkg of 250 $2.50

Xylol 4 oz bottle plus 100 wooden stick Q-tips $3.00

Acetone 4 oz bottle plus 100 wooden stick Q-tips $3.00

Wooden Stick Q-tips $4.50 per 500 $8.50 per 1000

Blue Ribbon Coin Conditioner (bought small qty at prem price) $13.00 ea

Cast iron Notary Machine unconverted for the do-it-yourselfer $16.00

Double Row Coin Storage Box for 2 x 2 holders 14-inches long color red
premium quality heavy duty .103 pasteboard $4.25 each

Heavy Duty 28 lb Kraft 2x2 Coin Envelopes colors gray, white, brown

pkg of 100 $3.25 box of 800 $21.00 send SASE for sample

Cotton Liners 100 percent soft cotton flannel interior Fit inside

standard 2x2 Coin Envelopes SASE for sample $23.00 pkg of 100

VIGOR 10X Triplet magnifying glass very high quality optics best glass

on market to my knowledge for its size and price

extra wide 13/16 inch lens aplanatic, achromatic $39.00 each with cord

Attribution Guide for Matron Head Cents 1816 - 1835 $4.00approx 37 pgs

Superior Galleries Auction Catalogues Please call or write.

Add $4.00 per order ($4.75 western states) for shipping. Shipping by UPS - You must give a
street address.

*************

-172-

Dueling Half Sisters in Delaware

Mike Packard

In late Jan uar y of this year, I received a call from Bob Yuell informing me that he and Jules Reiver
would have a half cent whist match on February 13th at Jules’ Delaware home. Bob suggested
that I invite a couple of half cent enthusiasts to witness the event. On the appointed morning, I
picked Bill Eckberg up at his Old-Town Alexandria, VA home and we scooted up 1-95 to Jules
house. Bill and I joined Jules, Bob, and John Darmanin for a marvelous afternoon.

A whist match is a contest between two (or more) collectors to see who has the nicer examples of
the items being contested. In this case, the contest was between the half cent collections of Jules
and Bob from 1793 to 1857, excluding the proof only issues. A collector receives one point for
having the variety and an additional point for having the better example. For example, if Bob and
Jules each have an 1800 C-l and Jules has the more desirable piece, Jules would receive 2 points
and Bob would receive 1. If Jules had an 1802 C-1 and Bob did not, Jules would receive 2 points
and Bob would receive none. At the end of the contest, the points are summed and the contestant
with the most points “wins”. (In reality, everyone who has the opportunity to view the coins

wins.)

Whist matches not only provide an opportunity to view some great coins, they can help determine
the ranking of coins within the Condition Census (CC) of various varieties, unique die
characteristics that might otherwise be taken for damage, and die state progressions. A whist
match can be especially useful to new collectors because it can assist them with learning how to
grade properly, what characteristics define a truly choice specimen, and different collectors’ keys
for distinguishing one variety of a given date from another. It can also teach the new collector
that there is no single standard for grading, especially for net grading. Grading is subjective and
elements of a coin’s desirability will vary from one collector to another. On high grade
specimens, some collectors value a strong strike while others want smooth, unmarked surfaces,
and still others go nuts over coins of a certain color. On lower graded coins, the new collector
can learn what marks are consistent with the sharpness grade of the coin, what detracts and by
approximately how much (again a subjective call), what determines a choice specimen from an
average one, etc. The novice and intermediate collector (and even some experts ) can benefit
from the general discussion that occurs at whist matches, and should be encouraged to attend.

Back to Jules’ kitchen table. In summary, the match lasted from 1:00 to 7:00 pm. We viewed 92
of the 99 Cohen varieties missing only the C-lb, C-3b, C-5b, and C-6b of 1794, the C-l of 1796
(no pole variety), the C-3c (gripped edge) of 1797, and C-l of 1808 (the rare 8 over 7 variety).
Jules had 87 of the Cohen varieties while Bob had 86. The three “independent” judges each had
Jules ahead by 2 or 3 points at the end of the match. Bob “won” the pole-to-cap and braided hair
groups while Jules won the draped bust and classic head series. Jules’ win would have been more
lopsided if he collected the “b girls” of 1794 and 1795 (he had none which cost him 10 points) or
if we had included the proof-only years which Jules collects (he has a beautiful date set) but Bob
does not. (From one judge’s perspective, it does not really matter which coins are officially

-173-

XXXIII /192

included in the match as long as I have the opportunity to view everything. I think the other
judges also share this opinion.)

The five of us viewed some truly outstanding half cents that day. The highlights included:

Jules: 1794 C-2a that was a gorgeous AU-55. High in the CC (Tied for 2nd finest?). It took

quite some time for that tray to make its way around the table, let me tell you.

1795 C-5a in AU-50. Another CC piece.

1802 C-l in Fine-15. The Bareford coin that is at the top of the CC.

1802 C-2 in VF-25. Another ex-Bareford CC piece. The two 1802 trays caused another
slowdown in an already snail-like pace.

1804 C-2 in VG-8. Probably third finest. Ex-Cohen sale.

1809 C-l in VF-25. Outstanding! Tied for third finest known.

1809 C-2 in EF-45. Just misses the CC for the variety.

1811 C-l (no break) in EF-45. Perfect. May be worthy of the bottom of the CC. If not,
it just misses.

1811 C-l with the 4 star break in EF-40. Another choice piece that was a joy to behold.
1811C-2 in AU-50. In my opinion, this coin is undergraded and could easily be called an
AU-58. Firmly in the CC.

1831 C-l in AU-50. If ever there was a piece that suggested that non-proof half cents
dated 1831 were struck to circulate, this is the one. Very clean surfaces with sharp detail,
yet absolutely no trace of proof-like surfaces anywhere.

Date set of proof-only year half cents plus a proof 1849. WOW!

I was also taken with Jules 1803 C-l and C-3 in AU-55, his 1809 C-4 in MS-60, and
1825 C-l in AU-55.

1794 C-la in choice VF-30. Lovely.

1794 C-4b in VG-8. Well up in the CC for the variety.

1795 C-2b in G-6. A very, very tough variety.

1803 C-2 in VF-20. A WOW! coin that is firmly in the CC.

1804 C-4 in F-15. A wonderful coin that just misses the CC.

1804 C-7 in VF-30. At the bottom of the CC and quite attractive.

1805 C-2 in VG-8. Another very tough variety that just misses the bottom of the CC.
1833 C-l in MS-65. Lovely red and brown.

1035 C-l in MS-64. Red and attractive.

1649 C-l, 1853 C-l, and 1955 C-l all in MS-64. All red and brown.

Saturday, February 13, 1999, was a wonderful day. After the match, Jules took Bob, Bill, and me
to dinner at a nice Chinese restaurant. Bob and I both got home well after we told our wives we
would and both got in trouble. I was wise enough to ¥fi$h my wife “Happy Valentine’s Day” so J
got off the hook quickly. Bill, however, ... .

Ii *

I , _ ,

My thanks to Jules and Bob for sharing their collections. And a BIG “THANK YOU” to Iona
Reiver for putting up with us for much longer than, I am sure, she had intended.

ft /

WHAT AM I?

Ken Cable

I am pleased by John Mullen’s reaching out to seek profile data on EAC members, so I’m
here to tell you a little bit about one of 'em.

Of course you know that I’m a collector of early American copper (eAc), but what else do
I do with my life besides saunter down aisles at coin shows chasin’ after half cents and
cents that were minted between 1793 and 1857 (ergo, eAc)? Lessee, gotta think about this

a trifle....

I got it! Chasin’ down eAc without going to coin shops or shows or auctions or even the
Internet! How? By getting’ them in my change ?! Yeah, practically! By researching
original source documents (remember from my earlier article), I hunt for eAc by discovering
places where people congregated before the Civil War, and then use a metal detector to
find coins that were lost some 150 — 175 years ago! I’ve found only one half cent, an 1828,
but I’ve found over 180 large cents (including an 1821), a couple dozen half dimes and
Capped Bust and early Seated dimes, an 1837 Reduced Size Bust quarter, and many
pieces of Spanish silver from the late 1700s and early 1800s that were legal tender, yeah
“coin of the realm” until 1857 when we got off eAc and onto the “new” coinage standards.
I’ve also found old buttons and bells and charms and other relics at these long-forgotten
abandoned camp sites, and I’ve donated these finds, along with many of the coins, to the
Historical Society of the town in which they were found, along with correspondence
indicating what they are, and where and why they were found in that particular area. In a
nutshell, I’m a sideline historian, and my especial focus is the second quarter of the 19

century (technically 1826 - 50).

*************

But do I do anything else, or am I totally and inexorably “coined out”? Get a life, Ken!
Where is it? Lemme see ... hmmm, it’s the ‘Nineties, the nineteen- Nineties, almost 2000,
so I gotta spin the dial ahead a hundred fifty years or so. Hold on, I think I’ve got it! I’m also
a genealogist, or rather, an intruder into a family of genealogists, she’s one of eight, I’m one
of one (hmmm, that spells 1811, a key date) spoiled rotten to the core like the scudziest of
large cents. That’s me. A little bit. As for other hobbies, I play bridge (but I don’t jump off
‘em), and I’m into ham radio, da-di-da, dit, da-dit communicatin’ with THE WORLD. But
what do I do to bring home the bacon - excuse me, spare ribs - so I’ll have enough to buy
some really great coins? Oops, almost forgot, got four hungry mouths to feed these spare

ribs. Priorities, Ken! Cornin’ up.

*************

Underneath it all, I pass the time, and much of it now, about 25 hours a day, as the R &
D (that’s Research and Development, but not especially historical) director of a medical
information management firm, and while I wear many hats (that means I’m a jack, actually a
king, of many trades), my chief role is to design and implement procedures for medical
practices and biomedical labs to help their operations run more efficiently, and I also do

-175- XXXIII/192

consulting for practices that are experiencing rapid growth. Keeps me outta trouble ... or,
should I say, in trouble. It’s nineteen- ninety-nine, darn it, and I must spend every waking
hour rebuilding our entire business so it will be “Y2K-compliant”. Hmmm, I wish it were
1843, when I wouldn’t have had to worry about computers, except Babbage’s, and could get
eAc in my change. The ‘93’d only be 50 years old and I’d stand a good chance a’getting’
one the way I collect. Well, well now, lemme spin this here dial back a few generations...

That’s me. As they said in “Oklahoma”, take me as I am or leave me be.

*************

WOULD A MEDAL BE THE ANSWER?

E. Larry Knee

Large cent collectors have a tough life. The early daters cry “more history” and the late
daters state “more detail” and so it goes.

A couple of decades ago John Wright came right down the middle with his series
described as “more jollies per buck.” Now there’s no problem between the middles and the
lates as they share common ancestors, and while someone buzzing by can’t always see a
major difference between a Classic and a Coronet, especially from the rear, there’s that
hole - that terrible hole.

So I say, let’s pull together and plug that hole! I propose an officially sponsored EAC
Genuine Fantasy Coin. Made of copper with the proper LC thickness and diameter, this
coin would have on the “verse”, a Classic head with say the stars away and a date of 1815.
On the other “verse” would be portrayed a Matron Head with say the stars close to date and
the date - you guessed it -1815.

No need to determine officially which side is obverse or reverse, each collector could
decide for himself or simply switch it in his cabinet from time to time as he saw fit.

Now, what do you think? Do we have an answer her?

*************

MAKING SENSE

John D. Wright

This was the year the first icebox was invented. A new medical substance ‘morphine’
was isolated as an opium derivative. Abortion was made a statutory crime in Britain.
Eighteen-year-old James Audubon arrived in the US from France. Buffalo, NY, and
Chicago, IL, had their beginnings this year, and Ohio became the seventeenth state.
Cotton passed tobacco for the first time as the leading US export crop. South Carolina
resumed importing black slaves for the cotton fields.

-176-

Britain resumed her war with France as the French began assembling a fleet at
Boulogne for the invasion of Britain. To support the Napoleonic wars, France ignored a
three-year-old treaty with Spain and sold the Louisiana Territory to the US for fifteen million
dollars, extending US territories to the Rocky Mountains. Massachusetts and New York
threatened to secede over the purchase, as President Jefferson had authorized the deal
without the consent of the Senate. The US Supreme Court established itself this year as
the ultimate interpreter of the US Constitution by stating in the ‘Marbury vs. Madison’
decision that “judges must declare void any legislative act found to conflict with the

Constitution.” The year was 1803.

This year the US Mint in Philadelphia struck eight of the ten coin denominations
inaugurated seven years before. Seven of every eight of those coins were cents. And yet,
the scarcest Guidebook listing for 1803 is one of the cents — unless you count the 1803
Proof restrike dollar (struck in the 1870’s). The US cent of 1803 is an easy addition for the
one-a-year collector, a fascinating run for the Guidebook-listing collector, and a completable
challenge for the die-variety collector. Over three million cents were struck in 1803 from
fifteen obverse and eighteen reverse dies in twenty-four combinations. Only two of those
combinations are rare, and neither is prohibitively so.

For the Guidebook-listing collector we begin with a stemless-wreath reverse carried over
from 1802. Sheldon 243 is missing the stems flanking the reverse fraction, has a boldly
doubled fraction bar, and a boldly doubled final S in STATES. This rather common 1803
shares a reverse with the S.241 variety of 1802, and was actually struck before it, as die

state evidence shows.

The next distinctive reverse of 1803 is the corrected fraction (S.249). There were five
reverse dies cut in 1801 with fraction 1/000. One of these (S.221) was corrected before use
in 1801. Another (S.223) was carried forward into 1802 (S.228). The rarest of the five
(NC3 of 1801) was taken out of service almost immediately and sat unused until the error
was corrected and the die pressed into service in 1803 (S.249). This is the last
appearance of an error fraction on a US large cent. It is a very distinctive, fairly common,
and very popular variety.

This year also saw the introduction of a new ‘large date’ (one die, using half-dollar date
punches) and a new ‘large fraction’ (four dies). All four combinations of the small / large
date with small / large fraction are known.

The SDSF 1803 cent covers seventeen of the twenty-four die varieties of this year
(including the two already discussed), and accounts for about two of every three 1803
cents. The rarest 1803 cent (NCI, over two dozen known) is a SDSF variety with extremely
widely-spaced denominator, similar to the much more common S.245. Two other SDSF
1803’s (S.248, 262) are a bit scarce, and the others are all fairly common.

The SDLF 1803 consists of five varieties, only one of which is scarce. The ‘ghost 3’
1803 cent has a large fraction, the bottom of the last date-digit extremely weak, and is the
only SDLF that is not overly abundant. There are probably 200 or so of these. The large
fraction is found on only eight large cent dies (two of 1796, four of 1803, one of 1804, and
one of 1807), comprising eleven die varieties and one edge variety (three of 1795, six of
1803, one of 1804, and two of 1807).

177-

XXXIII/192

The 1803 large date has a pointed 1 and a top serif on the 3 that extends up as well as
down. This die comes with a small-fraction reverse (S.264) and a large-fraction reverse
(S.265). The LDLF is scarce (maybe 300 - 400 known), quite popular, and is usually seen

in VG or less. Above Fine this is a real toughie.

The LDSF variety (S.264) is one of the fabled “big four” of large cents (1794 starred
reverse, 1795 reeded edge, 1803 LDSF, 1807 small overdate). Though it is the next-to-
cheapest of the four and is known by around three dozen examples, it is still the most
expensive 1803 cent by a wide margin. The Robbie Brown sale in Jan. 1996 had a VG with
a dig at top obverse. That coin brought just over $5,000. The variety is unknown above VF.

For those persistent collectors who hate to stop at less than two dozen 1803 cents, the
year also offers a wide selection of terminal die breaks. Eight 1803 varieties come with
noteworthy cuds and several others come with impressive die cracks. It is easy to invent
reasons to keep two or more 1803 cents from the same pair of dies. My own collection
contains over fifty cents of this fascinating year.

*************

COLLECTING THE CENTS OF 1798

Donovan Epling

Well, I’m back collecting early copper again. 1 first began about 10 years ago and
collected off and on for several years. The first cent that I attributed was an 1802 S-232 in
VG8. I bought it unattributed and with the help of Fennv-Whimsv . I was on my way toward
a larger world. I took the shotgun approach at first and collected everything I could afford
that caught my eye, at least in the early and middle dates, which held the most interest for
me. I never did escape the shotgun approach and at one time owned a pretty awful S9
Wreath, several ‘94’s, quite a few Draped Busts, an almost complete set of Classic Heads,
a 1817 set, and quite a few other middle dates. I had fun along the way but my numismatic
interests were broad and I drifted away. I sold my large cents to finance other pursuits,
including a substantial collection of Barber Halves among other things (please don’t cringe,
it gets better).

I’ve found that any old coin can be an interesting talisman of a bygone era but the
interest lies in the link between the coin and the era. It’s more than that with early cents. I
keep getting drawn back to early cents because the coins themselves are interesting, apart
from any historical link. They are handmade Americana, the product of the engraver’s skill
and the coiner’s art, or lack thereof. They are interesting because each one is unique and
has a story to tell about how they are made, apart from history.

Now that I’ve been drawn back, what should I collect? This is the question that everyone
asks and everyone wants the answer to. The Draped Busts have always been my favorites.
I’m not sure why, they just are. I’ve decided to put away my shotgun and acquire some
discipline. I may indeed expand my focus to include all Draped Busts but for now, I intend
to narrow the chase to one year, 1798. Why? First, let me include a little historical
background. Since imitation is the sincerest form of flattery, I’ll borrow John Wright’s format
somewhat.

- 178 -

In 1798, on the heels of the infamous XYZ affair involving French diplomats attempting to
intimidate the Adams administration, the Federalist-led Congress passed the Sedition Act,
which among other things threatened fines and imprisonment for publishing malicious
writings against the government. The American schooner Rotslidtion was captured by
France, which prompted Congress to end the treaty signed between the two countries in
1778, and an undeclared naval war began. Ex-President George Washington was
appointed Commander-in-Chief of the army to instill confidence and deal with the impending
war with France. Congress officially created the U.S. Marine Corps. The 11 amendment
was passed, preventing citizens from one state from suing another state. Finally,
Mississippi Territory was created, including present-day Mississippi and Alabama.

Now to the cents. Why 1798? The year 1798 contains 46 varieties, 44 numbered and
two NC’s, which are more varieties than any other year of the Draped Bust design. There
are two distinct head punches with different hair styles, the only year in the Draped Bust
series to use both, unless you count the 1800 / 1798 overdates, which are 1798 dies
anyway. There are two different letter styles, two date sizes, two distinct wreaths used, and
the 1798/7 overdates, which are the first overdates in the large cent series. In addition, the
1798’s were struck in 1798 and 1799. There are also distinctive die breaks, rim cuds, die
failures, reused dies and individual rarity ratings from R1 to R7, none of which are
impossible to obtain. It is also an 18 th century coin, which has a certain appeal. All of these
factors put together make 1798 a year with a little bit of everything that a cent collector

could hope for.

There are six different groups that Sheldon used in Penny-Whimsy to classify the 1798’s,

based on their obverse die characteristics. They are,

Group 1: Style 1 Hair, Style I Lettering, Large 8’s:

This group contains six varieties employing four different obverse dies. The point of
interest for this group is that they have style 1 lettering which was replaced in late 1797 with
style 2 lettering. In fact, the last 1797 obverse (SI 42 and SI43) has style 2 lettering. It was
the practice of the mint in those years to create working obverse dies but omit the final digit
so that it could be used the following year if needed, i.e. a die would be created bearing the
date 179_ which could be punched with a final digit of 7 or 8 depending on the year of use.
The 1800 over 179_ cents are good examples of dies created initially with the date of 179_.

I suspect that the 1798’s with style one lettering were created as follows: Late in 1797 four
dies, the four from this group, with style I lettering were on hand, dated 179_. An unknown
number of additional dies were created using the new style 2 letter punches and dated
179_. These two groups of dies were probably put together on a shelf until needed. At
some point, the current 1797 usable dies were almost gone and three 179_ dies were
pulled from the shelf, all three being style 2 letter dies. A seven was punched in for the last
digit which created three additional 1797 working dies with style 2 lettering but only one was
put into service, the die used for S142 and S143. The other two remained unusual at the
end of the year. At the beginning of 1798, this left four style 1 letter dies dated 179_ and
two unused 1797 dated style 2 letter dies. I believe at this time in late December 1797 or
early January 1798 that the four style 1 letter dies were punched with a final digit of 8 to

create the four obverse dies that form this group.

Group 2: Overdates, Style 1 Hair, Style 2 Lettering, Large 8’s:

This group contains three varieties employing two different obverse dies. Continuing the
discussion above, I believe these two dies were created when two unused 1797 working

.170. XXXIII/192

dies were on hand at the end of 1797. The reason they have style 2 lettering rather than
style 1 lettering is discussed above. They were sent back to the engraver, heated and
softened, then punched with an 8 with the intent that dies should be dated bearing the year
that they are used. As I’ll discuss later, this adherence to the law concerning dating was
only casually observed.

Group 3: Style I Hair, Style 2 Lettering, Large 8s:

This group contains two varieties employing two different obverse dies. These two
obverses continue to use the large 8, which is noticeably larger than the other digits. I
haven’t read any theories as to why the 8 is larger on these and the preceding dies while
subsequent dies, except one, use a smaller 8. No half dollars were minted bearing the date
1798 so it may or may not be the half dollar 8 punch. I don’t believe the large 8 is the same
as used on 1798 Draped Bust Dollars. The dollars that I have seen have a noticeably
different style 8 which is taller and thinner with oval loops rather than the round loops on the
large cent 8 punch. There is no evidence that the large 8 punch broke and was replaced
with a different, smaller 8, either. Further research may shed some light on the reason for

these different 8 punches.

Group 4: Style 1 Hair, Style 2 Lettering, Small 8’s:

This group contains twelve varieties employing eight different obverse dies. This group
is also the first to contain the reused 1796 reverses and in addition, contains both NC
varieties. The classification of the cents up to this point, along with the emission sequence,
seems straightforward and logical. This group however is hard to fit into a neat sequence.
The annual yellow fever epidemics prevalent in Philadelphia in the late 18 th and early 19
centuries may hold the explanation. After the epidemic of 1796, the Mint Director, Elias
Boudinot, successfully petitioned Congress to give him the authority to close the mint during
an epidemic if the severity warranted. In 1798, yet another epidemic broke out in
Philadelphia, which was particularly severe, and the Director closed the mint for three
months beginning August 20 th . Although the mint had closed for a month in 1797 due to
yellow fever, it didn’t completely shut down. In fact, Adam Eckfeldt, Henry Voight, and
Albion Cox remained behind to carry on some of the mint duties. During the 1798 shutdown
however, the mint completely ceased to operate. Among other things, all usable dies were
boxed up and shipped to the Bank of the United States for safekeeping. Apparently, the
reverse dies used in 1796 were among the dies deemed usable and boxed up with the
others. When the mint reopened in November, whatever dies were on hand were used,
which accounts for the odd pairings of 1798 obverses with 1796 reverses. In addition, this
probably accounts for the rusted dies used in this group, which were not stored properly
during the shutdown.

Group 5: Style 2 Hair, Style 2 Lettering, Large 8’s:

This group contains three varieties employing one obverse die. I believe this obverse die
may have been completed and used before the dies in the previous group. It’s well
documented by Sheldon and Breen that the style 1 hair punch, or matrix, began to break
sometime in mid 1798. This is evident by several obverses in the preceding group with
style 1 hair that have the top of the hair unfinished where the matrix had chipped. This
necessitated the creation of a new matrix and the style 2 hair punch was created. I believe
that when dies were created, they were not created one at a time. Instead, four or five dies
were probably made at the same time, which would have been more efficient. This would
create a reserve of five to ten unused dies on hand at any given time. I suspect that several
style 1 hair dies were being created, the matrix broke, the style 2 hair matrix was created,

-180-

then more obverse dies were created with the new matrix. All of these dies were dated 179_
and kept together until ready to be used. During this time, style 1 hair dies with the large 8
continued in service. When a new die was needed, I believe a style 2 hair die, the one from this
group, was pulled from the shelf, possibly along with one or more style 1 hair dies. These dies
were punched with a large 8 and put into service. I believe this puts the obverse die from this
group chronologically before the dies from the previous group. I believe the chronological
sequence can better be determined by the 8 punch rather than the hair style, because the 8 was
punched in immediately prior to use, whereas the creation of a die up to this point may have
included a period of several months where the die sat on a shelf waiting to be used. This theory
assumes that a clean chronological break occurred between the use of the large 8 and small 8.

I think with the evidence we have that this is more likely than assuming a dean chronological
break between the style 1 and style 2 hair punches.

Group 6: Style 2 Hair, Style 2 Lettering, Small 8’s:

This group contains twenty varieties employing thirteen different obverse dies. This is by far
the largest of the groups of 1798 cents and the hardest to attribute. The majority of cents in this
group were probably minted in 1799. The delivery records from the mint show 979,510 cents
delivered in 1798 and 904,585 cents delivered in 1799. As even the casual cent collector
knows, the 1799 cents are considerably rarer than the cents of 1798. Breen speculates that
42,540 cents were coined with the 1799 perfect date obverse die. There were also 1799/8
cents coined and die break progression on the two reverse dies used proves that these cents
were coined before some of the 1798 varieties. One of the varieties in this group also employs
a reused 1796 reverse, which was used after the obverse had already been paired with 1798
reverses. Based on this information, it’s hard to classify this odd paring as a result of the
reopening of the mint after the yellow fever epidemic of 1798. Perhaps it was an odd pairing
after the 1799 epidemic. I’m sure we’ll never know for certain. It's curious that the mint at times
took great pains to overdate usable dies, to conform to the law requiring coinage to bear the
current year, but at other times continued to strike coins with dies dated the previous year, such
as the 1798 cents. I suppose we’ll never know exactly why. Perhaps it was left up to the
engraver or coiner to make the decision. Perhaps it had something to do with the Director's
unofficial policy. Once Robert Patterson assumed the position of Mint Director in 1805, the
practice largely stopped. This is just another of the mysterious intricacies of the early cents.

On a final historical note, I own a copy of the Worcester Gazette dated October 3 rd , 1798. It
includes the following:

“State of the Fever: In Philadelphia, it has not at all abated. The number of deaths, from the
19 th of September, at noon, to the 26 th at noon, was 517. The number of new cases reported in
the same time, was 658. By this statement, it appears, that nearly four fifths of those, who are
taken with the disorder, die.” Entries were also made for New York, Wilmington, New London,
and Boston.

An ad states: “Ran away on the night of the 19 th of August, a lad, named Moses Stone, 19
years old. Whoever will take up said runaway, and return him to the subscriber, shall have one
cent reward. Seth Stone.” I wonder if it was a 1798 Draped Bust Cent!

I currently have four of the 46 varieties - an S-171, S-182, S-185, and S-186. All are in the
VG to Fine range. I would really like to build a choice Fine to VF set, but I’m sure I’ll be limited
by the availability of nice coins, not to mention my finances. Oh well. As Sheldon observes,
you can't shoot an 18 in a round of golf but you can go from 90 to 80. I’ll have to keep that in
mind as I build my set. Wish me luck. I may, from time to time, provide updates on my
collection or publish other interesting things that I find out about the cents or the year 1798.

*************

- 181 -

XXXIII/192

FROM THE INTERNET

Pete Smith

♦ TO PARTICIPATE IN REGION 8, the EAC Internet Directory and newsletter, send your
e-mail address to Mark Switzer at dc181@freenet, carleton.ca. As of April 25, 1999,
there were 212 EAC members in Region 8.

♦ At the 1999 EAC Convention, Mark Switzer was appointed to the board.

As Mark reported, “I was completely stunned when March Wells approached me on
the bourse floor early Saturday afternoon to tell me that I had been appointed as region
8 chairman and was now a voting member of the EAC Board of Directors.

While updating the Region 8 directory to reflect the recent elections, I found that of the

18 elected EAC officers, 14 are members of Region 8."

♦ Bill Eckberg reported, “Region 8 now has official representation on the Board.
Webmaster Jon Lusk is also on the board. The other big hit of the convention was the
new Half Cent Die State book by Ron Manley. Really excellent with many new insights
and terrific photos and strongly recommended to all of you whether or not you collect

half cents.”

♦ Red Henry commented, “The 1999 EAC convention was great. The bourse was the
largest and best of any of the three conventions I’ve attended. There was a lot of

material there.

I particularly enjoyed Dan Trollan’s session on blundered edge lettering, and also
John Wright’s presentation regarding cent errors, alterations, mutilations, and other
curiosities. John passed around over a hundred examples for us all to handle and
examine.”

♦ Greg and Lisa Heim also reported on the convention:

“1) The Sale: TOO LONG! It did not end until 12:30. It is not fair to Tom Reynolds,
Denis Loring (who was the auctioneer) and the rest of the members who have to hang
around. You get a situation where not enough pick up their lots after the sale, which
means too many people have to pick up their lots on Sunday. 500 lots should be the

maximum.

2) The convention: It is not long enough. Thursday needs to be a longer day,
starting around 12 noon. Enough people make arrangements to be here anyway, and
Thursday needs to be more than a feedbag and a Happening which is drastically
shortchanged because of the time constraint. If you like copper, and you have not
been to an EAC, you are missing the best thing of the year. Make arrangements and

go to Florida in 2000. You will not regret it.

3) Ron Manley’s book: Ron Manley had put out a book called The Half Cent Die
State Book: 1793 - 1857. Although we have no financial interest in Ron’s book,
anyone remotely interested in half cents needs to have it.”

♦ Jerry Stubblefield commented, “I thought the event was perfectly planned and
executed. There were a lot of activities, including the Colonial, Half Cent and Large
Cent Happenings, the seminars, the sale, the exhibits, the business meeting and the
bourse floor itself that were very interesting and information.”

♦ Steve Carr asked for sources on how misaligned die coins were made. He has Alan
Herbert’s The Official Guide to Mint Errors, but is looking for other sources.

-182

♦ Ron Manley reported, "The Half Cent Die State Book 1793 -1857 was released this
past weekend at EAC '99 and was the hit of the convention.

♦ Carl Honore' reported that the ANS released the latest in their series of books
from the Coinage of the America's Conference. This year the topic was "America's
Large Cent."

♦ Mark Switzer reported, "Several years ago when Ed (Masuoka) hosted a get
together at his house in the Washington Suburbs, I first saw the largest large cent
I have ever seen. This piece was being removed from display and to be thrown
away at the Smithsonian Institution when it was rescued by an EAC half cent
collector whose name I don't know. It is the property of EAC and I have been
begging for custody ever since I first saw it. I picked it up Saturday evening on my
way home from the Baltimore show. While it is only a uniface specimen, it is 32
inches in diameter and 4 inches thick, fiberglass on a wood frame and has
exquisite detail."

♦ Greg and Lisa Heim announced the birth of their second daughter, Stephanie
Rose Heim, on March 12,1999. Her weight was 9 pounds and 7 % ounces.

♦ Carl Honord discussed his project, "X-Ray spectroscopy is not an entirely
nondestructive testing process. The coins have to be cleaned down to bare metal
in the area to be tested, so any surface patina will be gone. This, of course,
ruins any monetary value. That is why I have used cull coins. Secondly, there
are much less expensive ways to test for metallic inconsistencies in cases of
counterfeits, or to determine alloy composition. Traces of molybdenum or
bismuth in copper might include a particular geologic environment where the
copper ore was obtained, for example.

♦ I am tracing American large cents to possible British copper sources by
comparing them to British coinage of the same period. American copper sources
will be determined by the same testing. When the results (if any) prove somewhat
conclusive, anyone associated with this project will get recognition when the
paper is written up."

♦ Paul Hybert is the chair of the exhibits committee for the 1999 ANA convention in
Chicago. He encouraged EAC members to attend one of the largest EAC
gatherings of the year and also promoted the opportunity to exhibit. Rules are
available on the ANA web site at hftp://www.money.org/exhibitrules99.htmi.
Deadline for applications is June 14.

♦ Phil Moore reported that two lots were switched in the Robert Vail sale. Lot #437
was an 1824 N1 rather than 1824 N5. The corresponding lot #433 is the N5 rather
than N1. Moore reported the switch to the auction company. He let a dealer buy
lot #433 and then bought the coin from the dealer.

- 183 -

ERRATUM

In Alan Weinberg’s article, “Pricing Credibility and Other Ruminations on the Orlando FUN
Show,” which appeared on page 97 of the March Penny-Wise , one Rarities Sale Auction lot
was inadvertently omitted. This in turn led to an error in the “Auction Result” column. The
corrected tabulation is as follows:

LOT#

ITEM

MINT’S ADVERTISED

PRICE

AUCTION RESULT
OPENED & CLOSED

1016

1793 S-6 MS66 RB

$250,000

At $80,000 to book -
No floor interest

1019

1794 S-26 MS66 RB

$125,000

r Open $32,000 / Sold $50,000

to A. Terranova & K. Goldman

1020

1794 S-31 MS67 BN

$ 75,000

f $31,000/$46,000

to Ed Milas

1021

1797 S-123 MS66 RB

$ 47,500

Opened & Closed at
$15,000 to book - probably

a reserve

1022

1802 S-234 MS67 RB

$ 95,000

Open 7 Close $38,000 to
book — probably a reserve

1023

1802 S-235 MS66 RB

$ 49,500

Open / Close $15,000 to
book - probably a reserve

1024

1810 S-285 MS66RB

$ 50,000

Open / Close $15,000 to
book - probably a reserve

The Editor regrets the error.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Eric Newman writes (to Bob Bowser),

It was refreshing to read your continued comments on counterfeit halfpence in the
Penny-Wise of March 15, 1999 (p. 101). There is so much more to be done so keep
researching. I wish someone would classify die varieties of counterfeit halfpence but that is
an enormous and difficult undertaking.

Walter Breen’s definition of Bungtown was taken from my 1976 article and he really
enjoyed talking about it. Bungtown has been used in so many ways by numismatists and
others that its original meaning has been blurred. Its original 1787 usage should not be
forgotten.

Incidentally, you leave the impression that I indicated that Bungtown referred to
Birmingham, England. Others have so speculated, but I know of no evidence.

I had published a detailed article on Shakespeare’s use of Bung and Bunghole which will
give you early origins if that interests you.

-184 -

... and sent a follow-up note to the Editor regarding the term “Bungtown,”

I just located a 1961 dictionary published by Encyclopedia Britannica. The definition
[which follows] in my opinion is sound and covers tokens regardless where manufactured.
The origin was based on American manufacture, but the imports were soon included in the
definition:

bung.town \ ‘ben.taun \ n -s [prob. fr. Bungtown

(now Barneysville), Rehoboth, Massachusetts,
where it was manufactured]: a copper token
resembling an English halfpenny that circulated in
the U.S. in the 18 th and 19 th centuries.

Red Henry writes,

Letter to the Editor

Rod Burress and his associates did a TERRIFIC job organizing this year’s EAC
convention. I attended all of the convention events I could, from the Hospitality Suite on
Thursday to the EAC annual meeting on Sunday, and found that every part of the weekend
was enjoyable. The Large Cent Happening on Thursday was an event which I’ll remember
for a long time. The bourse was large, well laid out, and full of things I was looking for. The
speakers at the three seminars I attended (Dan Trollan, Steve Carr, John Wright) were all
well prepared, and gave very informative programs. “Well Done" to all the people who put
this weekend together!

I thought that the sale was as well run as it could be, but it was huge - 720 lots! We
were in that room until after midnight. I appreciate the consideration for the consignors
which led to all those lots being accepted, but I don’t think it was fair to the principal workers
- the cataloguer, the auctioneer, and the other volunteers involved - for the sale to be this
big, and wasn’t fair to the bidders for it to run so late. If EAC ever has another sale of this
size, perhaps it could be broken into two sessions, with the first session Friday evening or
Saturday afternoon, and perhaps two or three people could call the sale, taking some of the
workload off of any one individual.

Collector Note

If you’re nearly out of Blue Ribbon coin conditioner, as I am, you may be looking for
something else to use. I had heard for years that a principal ingredient of Blue Ribbon was
mineral oil, so I recently went down to the hardware store and asked for some of that. The
guys laughed and told me to go to the drug store. I went down the street and sure enough,
there it was, mineral oil, in large bottles. Cheap, too. I took a bottle home and did a
comparison: Blue Ribbon vs. mineral oil as coin preservatives.

I took seven large cents, mostly Good to Fine, and laid them in a row on a tray, and then
took seven more, in a similar grade range, and laid them in a second row. After treatment
all around with xylol, I applied Blue Ribbon to the first seven coins, and mineral oil to the
second seven. (I don’t use a brush - I apply the oil carefulfy with a Q-tip, and then use a
second Q-tip to remove the excess.) On the Q-tips, the mineral oil seemed a bit more

-185-

XXXIII/192

viscous than the Blue Ribbon at first, but the resulting "look and feel" of the two groups
of coins was indistinguishable.

I checked the coins every day for seven days, and was unable to tell any difference
between the two groups in the appearance or the feel of their

surfaces. Then I began checking them every few days. Now it has been over a month
since I applied the preservatives, and I still can't tell them apart. Can anyone
in EAC with chemical knowledge tell us whether mineral oil is a safe substitute
for Blue Ribbon, and whether it will protect the copper the same way? If so,
we're in luck.

CRAIG SHOLLEY WRITES,

Thanks for the honor of the '99 EAC Editor's Award. Given the choice between some
plaque and something from Armand Champa, I'm sore you know which I prefer - I'm
particularly partial to the LC plate, of course! (It'll be framed and hung on the
wall of the study).

Enclosed is the corrected copy - thanks for your editing efforts which make me
look reasonably intelligent. One of these days I'll figure out all the nuances to
MS Word's Spell Check and get one right!

JOHN WRIGHT WRITES,

I really enjoyed Rick Coleman's letter, RE the 93C1 half cent in the February '99
Superior sale (E-W 191, pi 08). Contrary to the impression given in his opening
paragraph, he's been around the barn enough times to know where the cow patties
lie. But to elicit a 'quasi-official' statement he has crafted an excellently-
documented presentation. Well, this is about as 'quasi-official' a reply as he's
likely to get.

1. EAC as an organization does not grade coins.

2. Experienced members of EAC grade coppers fairly consistently among ourselves,

and the grades we agree upon are often well below what the 'price
maximizers' want to apply the same piece of copper.

3. The term 'EAC Grading' does not represent an official judgment by the

non-flesh entity named "Early American Coppers, Incorporated", but is
instead a common usage term meaning "this is what a consensus of
experienced copper specialists would / did grade this coin."

4. The term 'EAC Grading' has fairly well entered the public domain as a common

noun, similar to Kleenex, scotch tape, coke, and Xerox - all of which are
jealously guarded brand names that are regularly used as common nouns
representing a class of products beyond the brand.

5. For the reference to 'EAC Grading' in the Superior catalog, Bob Grellman

catalogs copper for Superior. I trust and generally agree with the grades
Bob assigns to copper coins. His personal grading fits the mold of 'EAC
Grading' as closely as mine, Rick's,

- 186 -

yours, Mark Borckardt’s, Denis Loring’s, Del Bland’s, or any other agreeing group of
knowledgeable copper specialists. By ‘EAC Graded 50’ Bob meant I call it AU50 and
would expect most experienced copper specialists to concur on this grade or one close

to it.” , , .... .

6. Rick knows fully as well as you and I do that grading, though a learnable art / skill, is

still opinion. Opinion is only respected to the degree that the opinion-staters
experience and integrity in that area are known and respected. That is, Do I
acknowledge this person / these persons as an ‘expert’ in this field, and can I trust what

he says?” .

7. In summary, ‘EAC Graded X’ is not an official sanction by EAC. This is a common term

meaning “Most well experienced copper specialists would grade this coin as X.” Since
most well experienced copper specialists also choose to be members of EAC, their

collective opinions are referenced by their common attribute - EAC.

8. Is Superior Stamp and Coin Company a member of EAC? No company is a member of
EAC. All EAC members have faces of flesh. Larry Goldberg, a one-time principal of
Superior, is EAC 330. Bob Grellman, who wrote the referenced catalog entry, is EAC
575. Chris McCawley, the other principal of McCawley-Grellman Auctions who are now
on contract to Superior, is EAC 1394. Mark Goldberg, the current principal of Superior,

has not chosen to joint EAC.

9. Did EAC get their 15% for use of their name? No. Unlike Xerox, we do not even try to

extract money from each reference to our name.

10. So why the differences? The coin Rick references has been called everything from
AU50 to MS62. Repeat after me ... “Grading is opinion; the coin is the coin.”

I am really happy that Rick likes the coin he bought. The most important thing when
he had his coin re-slabbed is not that the number on the paper changed, but that the same

coin he sent came back.

... and the Editor replies,

Thanks for your detailed letter in response to Rick Coleman. As you say, I’m sure he
won’t get a more “quasi-official” response.

But I must confess that, I rather hope he keeps the dialogue going ... If I had to put
a five-word title on your letter it would be, “THE WAY IT’S ALWAYS BEEN. Must it
therefore inevitably remain that way? No, no more than we must inevitably have competing
condition censuses or competing census surveys! At some point, you CAN make an
argument for a REAL, OFFICIAL EAC GRADE ... or AN OFFICIAL EAC POPULATION
CENSUS . . . or an OFFICIAL CONDITION CENSUS, ONE THAT DOESN’T ULTIMATELY
DEPEND UPON THE CLASH OF TITANIC EGOS. Now, obviously, you are right - people
wouldn’t all agree with such determinations or rankings, any more than they agree 100
percent of the time with you, or me, or PCGS, or anybody else! But it would at least solve
the sloppy use of the phrase “EAC grade,” which, if it’s going to be used as a marketing
tool, should mean something more than one man’s opinion!

-187-

XXXIII/192

Steve Carr writes,

The March 15 Pennv-Wise was a slim issue, but in my opinion one of the most
interesting in a while. There was a bit about almost everything, from a New Jersey census
to edge blunders to the survival rate of early 19 th century cents. I especially liked Ken
Schugars’ and John Wright’s article. The story behind the coin can be more interesting than

the coin itself at times.

Also enjoyed Craig Sholley’s article. Maybe EAC could have our medals struck on
that steam press. That would be neat!

And Chuck Heck’s article was great. His message is one we need to remember
more often — be proud of what we collect.

Greg and Lisa Heim write,

For those who do not know, Lisa gave birth to our second daughter, Stephanie
Rose, on March 12, 1999. Stephanie weighed in at a whopping 9 lbs, 7 14 oz. She joins

her older sister, Rosalind, who is 17 months her senior.

As far as the convention was concerned, Rod, Paul, and March did one heck of a
job. The sale was too long, should be limited to 500 - 550 lots. Not fair to Tom Reynolds

and everyone else involved.

We were real happy to see that the Wrights and Harry Salyards received ANA
recognition for their work in EAC. They were all very deserving.

Last, but not least, Ron Manley’s book. Awesome, baby! Not just for the
information, but the fact that he did it in two years. Congratulations once again, Ron.

See you at the Cape for 2000.

Ed Miller writes,

Since completing my date set (1793 - 1857) of large cents a couple of years ago, I
started collecting varieties, a very interesting challenge. I attend most of the area coin
shows, and recently found a nice 1803 S-259 R in fine condition for $80, which I thought

was a good buy.

However, my real prize was to come the following week at a coin and collectors
show. I was looking through a dealer’s stock of large cents when I saw this 2x2 with
“1796” marked on it, that’s ail, no grade or variety noted. It was a draped bust and priced at
$75 I knew I had only 3 varieties of the “96” Draped Bust, so I thought I had a good chance
of getting a different one, its condition was G-VG with no real problems, so I bought it.

Immediately when I got home, I headed for our bookcase and got out my Noyes
1793-1814 book, and sat down and started eliminating the Sheldon numbers.

-188-

Then lo and behold I came up with an NC4 (R6). I called my wife and had her
check it, and she agreed with me. So I then called Bob Grellman and asked him if he
would attribute it for me. He said yes, and to send it up to him. I did, and he attributed it
as an NC LDS and tied CC#13, 6+/5. He commented, “Nice coin, Ed, the NC4 is a rare
die state, just 2 or 3 others are known with the reverse crack. It would make a great

coin for auction if you decide to sell.”

The die crack by the way is above the "ATES” in STATES. And instead of being
an R6 it probably would be an R7 or R8. So my wife said to me, “Why don’t you just
keep it, as you enjoy looking at them.” So for the time being, III do just that.

Well fellow EAC’ers, how’s that for cherry picking? So all I can say is, keep

t *

looking, there are still some good ones out there.

Alan Weinberg writes,

A few reflections on articles or sentiments expressed in the March Penny-Wise.

The Maris 8F 1786 date under plowbeam Jersey cent listed as “Fine” has no
visible trace of date due to strike. I know. I owned it, having acquired it from Jim
Goudge (who found it unattributed at a Long Beach show) and placed it in the William T.

Anton, Jr., “Eastern Collection.”

Concerning the finest known 1799/8 S-188 cent, ex-Baldwin, New Netherlands
56 th Sale, Dick Picker, R. E. Naftzger, it sold in the February 8 th Superior Suros sale for
$180,000 + 15% buyer’s fee, to New Jersey dealer Jesse Lipka “for stock. It had been
in an optimistic AU-53 PCGS slab at auction time. It is now, unbelievably, in an AU-58
slab. Though sharply struck, it has a dull gray, lifeless, mottled (particularly on the
reverse) patina, without any trace of luster or color — probably from its exposure to the
cold, wet English atmosphere , where it originated four decades ago. Price now being
asked? -- $275,000, higher than Parrino’s original $250,000 price!

I must respectfully but strongly disagree with Rick Coleman for taking Superior
Stamp & Coin Co. to task for listing EAC grading alongside slab service grade for each
early copper they catalogue. Not only does Superior exhibit honesty and “cojones” in
specifying EAC grade, but they risk the wrath of the grading “services” for, lot after lot,
revealing the wide gap in grading standards. Early copper bidders are thereby given an
honest, conservative opinion of the coin’s real grade and can bid with confidence and

enthusiasm.

And, yes, the AU-50 1793 C-1 half cent in the February Superior auction is now
in a MS-62 slab, even though it has seen an ammonia bath in the past year or so.

*************

XXXIII/192

SWAPS AND SALES

EAC'ers are invited to submit their ads for inclusion in this column. Ads up to twelve
lines are free. ADS LARGER THAN 12 LINES MUST BE SUBMITTED CAMERA-READY, AND
PAID IN ADVANCE. Due to increased production costs, effective immediately, a full page ad is
$100. Graphic and halftone setup is an additional $60 per page. One third page is $35. Ads
should be limited to early American Coppers or tokens. Deadline for material to appear in the
July 15, 1999 issue is June 30, 1999. All ads must include the individual membership number
of a current member in good standing. Copy should be sent to the Editor, Harry E. Salyards,

606 North Minnesota Avenue, Hastings, NE 68901.

IMPORTANT NOTICE:

Early American Coppers, Inc. publisher of Penny-Wise, does not examine any of the material
advertised in Penny-Wise, nor does it review any of the advertising therein. Early American
Coppers, Inc. assumes no responsibility or liability for any advertisement (or the material
described therein) and no party shall have recourse against Early American Coppers, Inc. All
transactions arising or relating to any advertisement in Penny-Wise shall strictly be between the
parties thereto, Complaints concerning advertisers (or respondents) should be referred to the
President of Early American Coppers, Inc.; complaints may result in abridgement, suspension,
or terminations of membership or advertising privileges.

*************

What others think of "The CENT Book" JOHN D. WRIGHT. EAC #7

MARK KLEIN: The CENT Book is all I'd dreamed it could be and more. Reading it is like
enjoying a personal chat with John.

RICHARD STRILEY: Being a novice on large cents I found a number of other books

confusing and hard to read. I have Adams, Breen, Grellman, Newcomb, Noyes, and
Sheldon, but yours is the best.

JULES REIVER: Your book is wonderful. This is the first coin book I have ever seen which can

be used to attribute coins without having my coins available for checking. Your pictures
are so sharp that they make attributing an absolute pleasure.

SEE FOR YOURSELF - BUY YOUR OWN. See "The CENT Book" ad in this section.

*************

What others think of The CENT Book”: Mabel Ann Wright, EAC #/ b

TOM DELOREY: I especially like the historical notes at the beginning of each date. It lends a
warm, human touch that is missing from most numismatic literature published since
Sheldon.

WARREN LAPP: I can see now why it took so long to get it into print. John didnDt leave out a
thing. I am amazed at the photos. The book is perfect in every way, which is what I would

expect from J DW.

HERB SILBERMAN: Your book is beautiful! I congratulate you on the content.

TONY CARLOTTO: The CENT Book is fantastic. The year-by-year history is a very nice touch

and keeps you reading.

SEE FOR YOURSELF - BUY YOUR OWN. See “The CENT Book” ad in this section.

- 190

Alan V Weinberg, EAC 1899 23321 Aetna Woodland Hills, CA 91367

(818) 348-3749

I am interested in acquiring ANY 1793 Wreath Cent (except S-6) in choice, true EF-40 to
AU-58 (not “slab grade”). Well struck, good color, flawless fields, no rim dings. I will pay

CQR “choice” +++.

Also want 1652 Massachusetts colonial silver coinage - Oak & Pine Tree. EF-40 or better,
full unclipped flan, well-struck and problem free. Particularly need OT 6 and 3 pence.

I also collect “Old West" and “Deep South” old saloon and military fort trade tokens, silver
Indian Peace and pre-1900 American historical gold and silver medals.

*************

HALF CENTS AND LARGE CENTS WANTED WITH ‘PERKINS’ COUNTERSTAMP

Wanted for my personal collection, Any condition, any name or initials. Also want U.S.,
British and any other tokens with ‘Perkins’ on them. I would also appreciate any information

on unlisted tokens of the above.

A , . 1 11 ■ ♦ 5 * , * 1

W. David Perkins, EAC #2664
8126 S. Glencoe Ct.

Littleton, CO 80122-3876
Days (303) 773 - 5565

*************

DON VALENZIANO, EAC#783 PO Box 223 Hicksville, NY 11802

(516) 667 - 3297 (Phone & Fax)

1806 C3 Half Cent VG 10, tied for second finest known, illustrated in Breen for die state 1, ex

Coin Galleries 11-71. Price $8750.

*********** **

HARRELL H. CHERRY, EAC #3800 1812 Rainbow Richardson, TX 75081

« (972)234-6996

WANTED TO BUY

Talbot, Allum, and Lee Cent, 1794, No New York, ext. fine or better.

*************

WANTED FOR MY PERSONAL COLLECTION

EAC 15 th anniversary medallion
EAC membership token
“R E Bynum” saloon token

Please send cost to Gene Anderson, EAC #4718, 2615 Oak Lane, Paris, Texas 75462, 903 —
785 - 7511 ext. 241, 903 - 785 - 8519 (fax), or qenea@1 starnet.com . Thanks.

*************

- 191 -

XXXIII/192

ROD BURRESS, EAC #109

9743 Leacrest

Cincinnati, OH 45215

NOTICE: FOR THOSE WHO ORDERED COTTON LINERS FROM ME AT THE EAC
CONVENTION.

SOME OF MY ORDER SHEETS WERE LOST DURING THE PACKING UP ON SUNDAY. IF
YOUR NAME DOES NOT APPEAR BELOW, PLEASE SEND ME A POSTCARD TO RE¬
ESTABLISH YOUR ORDER.

(Litrenta, Schmidt, Bobbe, Cloutier, Smith)

i " .

*************

KEN STONEBRAKER, EAC #3454 438 Hillview Dr., #304 Linthicum Hts, MD 21090

PENNY-WISE BACK ISSUES FOR SALE EXCELLENT QUALITY 2 SIDED COPIES
PW ISSUES 82 THRU 93 (JAN 1981 THRU NOV 1982) 12 ISSUES $40.00 POSTPAID

PW ISSUES 94 THRU 105 (JAN 1983 THRU NOV 1984) 12 ISSUES $40.00 POSTPAID

PW ISSUES 106 THRU 119 (JAN 1985 THRU MAR 1987) 14 ISSUES $46.00 POSTPAID

ALL THREE SETS AS ABOVE $120.00 POSTPAID

(Issues #120 thru current issue must be ordered from EAC)

DEPENDING ON RESPONSE TO THIS AD, I HOPE TO OFFER EARLIER ISSUES NEXT

YEAR.

*************

HERMAN FISHER, EAC #2989 40901 Miles Creston Rd N Davenport, WA 99122

(509) 725 - 3673

1805 C-3 R6- AG3. Sharpness VG7 W/heavy por lettering readable $125

1806 C-2 R4 G5. Sharpness G5+ / VG7 med brn nice smooth surfaces 135

1810 S-285 R2 VG8. Steel brown, light mark across cheek 40

1851 N-8 PCGS AU50, M-L die state 99

1851 N-45 R4 ANACS MS61 brown M-die state 149

1852 N-8 PCGS MS62RB, M-L die state 155

1853 N-3 NGC MS63 brown, traces of red, M-L die state 188

Postage & insurance $3 to $6 depending on the size of order.

*************

HENRY T. HETTGER, EAC #2349 PO Box 2018 Arlington, VA 22202

(703) 979- 1942

1798 S-149 R6- VF-20/12 CC#2 Boldly double struck with 2 dates, ex-Superior 6/98,

where undergraded due to being in a slab, Grellman attribution card, a great cent! P.O.R.

1810 S-285 F-12/10 Nice brown coin. $125

1817 N-8 Vz VF-20 Reverse rim bump, nice chocolate brown, bold “mouse” $100

1834 N-1 Vz VF-20 Bold double profile $ 90

1838 N-11 PCGS XF-40 Lovely brown coin. Early state $ 85

1839 N-7 PCGS VF-25 Nice brown coin $ 80

Postage, any order, $3.00

*************

-192

WANTED

torch attacks

collector, investor or dealer who has spent time and fortune in Early Amencan
wants the MAXIMUM SECURITY against fire, and all possible burglar tool

For the highest security possible and remarkably reasonable delivered and

Safe Corp. (800) 538 - 0600, a national

prices, call me at Maximum Security

dedicated to supplying the coin

office

MCLAUGHLIN, EAC #4722

2836 Shantar Drive

Mesa

# * * *

* * *

GARY TRUDGEN, EAC #1889 1729 Terrace Drive

Vestal, NY 13850

FOR SALE: 1787 CONNECTICUT COPPER -Miller 37.6KK 1

VG. Draped bust left, rarity-4 variety. Neither die is known in any other 1
combination. Centered strike with full legends and date. The first digit of the date is a
missing because a small piece of the flan has flaked off. Medium brown surfaces I

with some planchet striations on the obverse. $55 1

Send for a free list of colonial and state coppers. 1

ijm

*************

GARRY APELIAN, EAC #2686 910 Revere Rd. Glenview, IL 60025

Wanted to buy: Counterstamped Half Cents. All varieties.

For Sale: Bowers & Merena, “Kingswood” Solid Plastic holder for Braided Half Cents, 1849 -
1857 inclusive. The best display holder to show all Braided Half Cents at one time. Like new
condition, includes original box and tissue. $20.00 plus $3.00 shipping.

*************

PHIL FLANAGAN, EAC #425 PO Box 1288

Phone (360) 240 - 8366

Coupevilie, WA 98239
Fax (360) 240 - 8360

BRITISH TOKENS of the 18 th century form a fascinating series of mostly copper coins that
incorporate many ties with the United States. In general, this series of mostly half pence is of a
similar size to U.S. Large Cents. However, I must point out that this British series usually
appears in better condition AND cheaper than our Large and Half Cents. Since we take the 3
major credit cards AND have a 21 day return policy, there’s absolutely NO RISK! TRY us.
Send for our free list listing hundreds of these beautiful coppers from FINE to PROOF. We also
have many books on the subject which I’m sure you’ll agree, makes collecting much more fun

and interesting. Call me right now at 1-800-613-8731 for your copy!

****** *******

- 193-

XXXIII /192

DENIS LORING, EAC #11

New York, NY 10101

PO Box 363

1805

S-267

MS-60+

1813

S-293

MS-60+

1829

XF-40

1831

PF-60+

1857

MS-63

CC 2-3 $16,000

CC1-2 $13,500

CC 4 $ 3,000

$ 10,500

(removed from 64RB slab) $ 450

*************

PETER SETIAN, EAC #3529

For Sale:

1817 N-6

XF40

R-1

$240

1840

N-1

Average+

VF20

R-2

1850

N-22

Average

VF20

R-4

1854

N-22

Average+

VF25

R-4

Average+

* * *

PO Box 570

Wilbraham, MA 01095

Glossy dark brown, stars drawn to the rim.

Medium brown, better details. Two small dark
spots on reverse.

choice

Glossy med. bm, sharper details. Two small dark
spots above head.

EUGENE STERNLICHT, EAC #2131 9441 Evergreen #306 Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33324

Mehl, French Collection, annotated photocopy with George Clapp's written notes
— many zingers pointed at “Mendacious” Mehl — somewhat hard to read
Pennv-Wise originals, 1984 -1996, missing Sept. 1989, 77 issues, closeout price

Pennv-Wise originals, 1998 complete

Frossard’s Numisma . 1993 Gold Leaf Press, green leatherette RAM communication
Reprints . 35 issued; the original set sold for $4640 at Bowers’ Champa Sale, near mint

$ 50
$ 135
$ 12

$ 135

Postage $3 per order. Want lists solicited.

*************

COUNTERSTAMPED LARGE CENTS WANTED

For my personal collection, which I have been gathering since 1955, I desire to purchase
counterstamped large cents of all dates with the names and addresses of individuals, or
individuals and their specialties, merchants, political slogans, and motifs. At this point, I am not
interested in stray initials, numbers or names that cannot be identified as to geographical
location or trade. I would be pleased to make an offer for coins submitted to me, or invite you to
send them on approval with an invoice. I am not looking for any bargains and will pay any
reasonable price, as they are not for resale. Please let me hear from you. All correspondence

will be answered.

David Bowers, EAC #204
do Bowers and Merena Galleries, Inc.

Box 1224, Wolfeboro, NH 03894

*************

-194-

WILLIAM C. NOYES, EAC #363

Forget what the others have said, the experts have spoken — the Noyes books won the 1992
OJ.S. Large Cents 1793 - 1814 . $130) and 1993 OJ.S. Large Cents 1816 - 1839 . $105) Early
American Coppers Literary Awards — Accept no imitations! Order both today for $195 postpaid.
Now also available: the newest Noves* Encyclopedia of Large Cents 1793 Sheldon-1 through
1796 Sheldon-91, for $65 postpaid.

Order from : Lithotech - Noyes, 1600 W. 92nd St., Minneapolis, MN 55431

*************

BOB GRELLMAN, EAC #575 P.O. Box 951988 Lake Mary, FL 32795 -1988

(407) 321 - 8747

For Sale: Deluxe hardbound copies of the Attribution Guide for United States Large Cents
1840 -1857 . The reference for attributing late date large cents.

Autographed on request. $70, postpaid.

Attribution Service: I offer an attribution service for late date large cents. I will attribute your

cents for $1 each plus return postage. This charge includes crud removal when
necessary, and I’ll include my opinion as to sharpness and net grades, if requested.
No quantity limit, fast service, lifetime guarantee.

Want Lists: Send me your want lists for late date cents. I can help.

*************

JERRY BOBBE, EAC #184 P.O. Box 25817 Portland, OR 97298

(503) 626 - 1075

Madness, intrigue, political struggle, power, greed ... is it another pre-auction collusion
session? No!! It’s a series of early coppers that weaves one though the dawn of the Industrial
Revolution and American Independence, the French Revolution, the political and social ills of
Britain, and the lives of the elite and the commoner. BRITISH TOKENS! Send for your free
copy of The Token Examiner, the world’s most informative and entertaining price list of the 18 th
Century Aconder@ series. Superb quality, great rarities, bizarre die states, errors, trial pieces
and patterns our specialty. This series has it all; and with the exception of expensive US related
colonials (i.e., Washington pieces, Theatre at New York, et al), at prices not seen by large cent
collectors for over half a century!

*********** *

WANTED 1796 HALF CENT

Interested in purchasing a 1796 Half Cent for my collection. Looking for a decent example in
average condition, ranging in grade from VG-8 to VF-20. I would expect a coin in average
condition to have nice color and surfaces. Preferably the contact marks should be consistent
with the coin’s sharpness grade, that is, not of such severity as to require a deduction in grading
points. Please, no coins with problems. Call or write with detailed description and asking price.
Foil pressing and/or photo would be much appreciated. I am a cash buyer and will pay top
dollar for a nice piece. It’s time to convert your duplicate 1796 into $10,000 - $20,000 in cold
cash (actually a certified check). Office (713) 853 - 3850; Home (281) 363 - 9522.

Mark Hays, EAC 1785 51 Wild Meadow Court The Woodlands, TX 77380

*************

-195-

XXXIII/192

ack H. Robinson, EAC #1308

P. O. Box 9426

McLean, Virginia 22102

EAC '99 was, as always, a wonderful event. Time there sure passes quickly.
In the last P/W, I included a "survey” form. I have received some response

itSe bit of help - please take the time to reply. I think that I know the
Lrection that I need to go, but further confirmation is goo .

5 t enough response, I simply do what is thus far £‘1® ® a ^ioad

Lrection would have changed by more response, I get a boatload.

=lp me to determine how CQR #1/ should look, etc.

prefer

Normal Binding

GBC Binding

2 .

don't like

elimination of VG7, VG10 & F15 grades

3 .

don't like

elimination of VF25 &

VF3 5 grades

4 .

use

don't use

auction history/price

pages

5 .

prefer

new CC old

CC format/listings

6 .

would like

to see/have -

7 .

like -

8 .

don't like

—

9 .

Other:

Checks
1 .

2 .

3 .

4 .

may be made payable
The 16th Edition of CQR,
16th Edition - Spiral (GBC)
16th AND 17th (When issued)
l 6th AND 17th (When issued)

ONLY

bound
Editions

to "M&R"

"Jack H. Robinson" or

- Normal binding - Nothing else

- Normal binding
Editions - Spiral (GBC) binding

$30.00
$35.00
$50.00
$55.00

New EAC members may deduct

with your membership number (or

$ 10.00

indicate

from any of

that it

the above,
s pending)

just provide me
when you order.

I offer the following ORIGINAL earlier editions, .sent POSTPAID

1st Edition 12/31/83
2nd - 3rd Editions
4th Edition 09/15/86
5th Edition 12/31/86
6th - 7th Editions
8th Edition 01/31/89
9th Edition 03/31/90
10th Edition 03/31/91
11th Edition 02/29/92
12th Edition 03/31/93
13th Edition 09/30/94
14th Edition 03/31/96
15th Edition 03/31/97

$ 5.00

SOLD OUT
6.00
6.00

SOLD OUT
7.00
7.00
7.00
7.00
7.00
7.00
7.00

SOLD OUT

(Sheldon Varieties Only)

(Updated) (Very few left)

(Updated after RSB I) (Very few left)

(Updated after JHR Sale)

(Updated) (I pay postage of $1.43
(Updated) (I pay postage of $1.43)

(Updated, includes CC comparison)
(Updated) (I pay postage of $1.43)
(Updated) (I pay postage of $1.43
(Updated) (I pay postage of $1.43)

Superior Stamp and
Realized is available,

The

Coin, "Jack H. Robinson Sale Catalog", with Prices

for $40 ** POSTPAID.

-196-

Ron Manley, EAC #3909

300 Turnberry Circle

Brentwood, TN 37027

THE HALF CENT
DIE STATE BOOK

1793-1857

by Ron Manley

(1999 EAC Literary Award Winner)

* Edited by Bob Grellman.

* Hardbound, with 300 high quality pages.

* Over 250 plated die states (92 % of total).

* Large plates (3-inch diameter for varieties;

2-inch diameter for die states).

* Separate obverse and reverse descriptions
for each die state.

* Reverse Rotation data for each variety
(including most individual die states).

* Die states are referenced to Breen plates and
to major copper sales, most with excellent
plates (including the Norweb, Robinson, Cohen,
and M&G auctions).

* Much new data (including updated rarity estimates,
blundered edge examples, emission sequence revisions,

and more)!

Available bv mail for $75.00 postpaid

(Autographed on Request)

XXXIII / 192

BMiS

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feV;':

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Give him/her a

VE<R<Yspecial gift

SPECIAL to Current EAC Members

$100 Postpaid

John D. Wright
1468 Timberlane Dr.
St. Joseph, MI 49085

BUYING LARGE CENTS

COLLECTIONS-ACCUMULATIONS - SINGLES

All dates and grades wanted including better Sheldons, Newcombs, and Redbook varieties. Call
or write and describe what you have for sale. My sell list is available for 55 cents postage.

EAC # 3171

TELEPHONE (661) 323-4507

RICHARD L. CODAY

P.O. BOX 1701
BAKERSFIELD, CA 93302

128 Large Cent Collectors Have Joined the Early-Date Report!

Are you among them? If not, YOUR COLLECTION IS WANTED! This detailed,
ranked census of large cent collections is published on January 31st and July 31st of
each year. EDR now lists 128 collections with over 16,000 specimens. Only EDR
members receive copies of the report. Your privacy and security are assured, and no
part of your address is published in any form. Still in doubt? “Just ask an EDR member. ”

To join us, just send for a collection listing sheet, or send any neat list giving the net
grade of the best example of each 1793-1814 variety in your collection. Collectors joining now will receive
a copy of the latest EDR edition. Submissions are acknowledged promptly, and your updates, inquiries,
and comments are always welcome. Deadline for our next issue is July 20th, for publication on July 31 st!

The Early-Date Report - Red Henry, EACU3718 - P.O. Box 2498 - Winchester, Va. 22604

fax (540)877-2422 — redhenry@visuallink.com

JON LUSK, EAC #351

*************

Penny-Wise on CD-ROM (Version 2)

• Contains all 30 years (1967-1996)

• Contains all EAC auctions with prices realized entered alongside lot description
(includes Bill Noyes color photos for ’83 thru ’87)

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-199-

XXXIII / 192

1794 Large Cent

SHELDON-31

PCGS graded Mint State 64 RB

Equal Finest Known

1803 Large Cent

SHELDON-245

graded Mint State 65 RB

Finest Known

1805 Large Cent

SHELDON-267

PCGS graded Mint State 65 RB

Finest Known

Superior Stamp Coin

“Americas Numismatic Auctioneers ”™

9478 WEST OLYMPIC BOULEVARD, BEVERLY HILLS, CALIFORNIA 90212-4246

TEL 310-203-9855/ 800-421-0754 FAX 310-203-0496

E-MAIL US! mark@superiorSC.com

Colonials, Half Cents and Large Cents sold in
association with McCawley-Grellman Auctions, Inc.

j Ywmsiok&fl

[numismatists:

SUPERIOR

[if 5*1*5*111''

'SiVy

k^UILO • l" c j

Mark E. Go'dberg
PNG325

Mark E. Goldberg LM4844
Steve Deeds LM985
Robert Hughes LM4676

VISIT OUR WEBSITE TODAY! www.superiorSC.com

1794 Large Cent

SHELDON-48 (STARRED REVERSE)

NGC graded Extremely Fine 40

Red Book Plate Coin

1804 Large Cent

SHELDON-266

PCGS graded About Uncirculated 55

1807 Large Cent

SHELDON-276

PCGS graded Mint State 65 RB

Finest Known

COIN AUCTION CATALOGUE ORDER FORM 1

□ PLEASE SEND ME SUPERIOR'S MAY 31-JUNE 1,1999 PRE-LONG
BEACH COIN AUCTION CATALOGUE ($15 U S./$30 OUTSIDE U.S.)

NAME

ADDRESS

CITY

CHARGE MY:

n VISA

□ MasterCard

STATE ZIP CODE

□ American Express

ACCOUNT NO.

EXPIRATION DATE

SIGNATURE

CHECK, CREDIT CARD OR MONEY ORDER ACCEPTED FOR CATALOGUE
PURCHASES. CALIFORNIA RESIDENTS ADD 8.25% SALES TAX. PW

TOTAL ENCLOSED

Highlights of Superior’s May 31-June 1

Pre-Long Beach Coin Auction

1659/60 Maryland Lord Baltimore Shilling

BREEN-64

PCGS graded About Uncirculated 55

1999

1652 Massachusetts Pine Tree Shilling

NOE-1

PCGS graded About Uncirculated 50

The Philip M. Showers Collection contained eveiy Gilbert Half
Cent variety known save four. It was started in the 1930’s. At
Showers’ request, Stack’s sold the collection intact in 1969.
The purchaser of the Showers Collection, Willis I. DuPont, him¬
self kept it intact until 1976.

Only 12 complete Showers books were published by Stack’s in
1969. These were printed on heavyweight paper. Each Show¬
ers book contained variety attributions of each coin along with
the coins’ grades. The second half of the book was a complete
photographic record of the collection in 18 plates featuring the
obverse and reverse of each coin in the collection along with its
Gilbert attribution number. These books were never made avail¬
able to the public. Rather, they were presented to collectors
and friends of the firm,

Roger Cohen used many of the Showers illustrations as plate
coins in his American Half Cents. Almost all of the Showers
Half Cents are listed in Walter Breen’s Half Cent Condition
Census for their varieties.

Only one copy of the Showers Collection book has ever been
sold publicly. In June, 1984 bookseller George Kolbe sold Lester
Merkin’s copy for $4,070. The Merkin copy wound up in Armand
Champa’s library. In 1994, the Merkin-Champa copy was sold
at auction for $4,180,

Stack’s recognizes the great importance of the Showers Collec¬
tion catalogue for Half Cent collectors. Therefore, we have re¬
printed the Showers Collection in two limited quantity ver¬
sions.

The deluxe reprint version, like the original, includes 11 pages
of text and 18 pages with pasted down photographic prints
made from the original negatives. Each page is interleaved by
a blank. The deluxe version is printed on heavyweight card
stock cream paper bound in gilt stamped brown library cloth
covers. Only 25 deluxe reprints were made. There are only 5
available for sale at $1,500 each.

The regular reprint version is printed on lighter weight paper
with no interleaving. Illustrations from the original negatives
are half toned. Only 250 regular reprints were made. There are
only 227 available for sale at $75 each.

In the months to come, Stack’s will issue reprints of other,
notable limited edition catalogues and books of Half Cent and
Large Cent collections we have handled in the past. The fa¬
mous Brobston Collection will be one of these.

To order: make out your check or money order for the cost of
book(s) you want to buy, add $ 15 for shipping and handling,
and send it to: Showers Book Offer, Stack’s, 123 West 57 th
Street, New York, NY 10019.

EAC’er Alan Weinberg says The Philip M. Showers Half Cent
Collection books, both regular and photographic plate editions, are
splendid—particularly the deluxe photographic version—the next
best thing to owning the coins. The original, extremely limited
edition has eluded me all these years and meets with
intensive bidding when it appears at auction, inevitably
in a notable library. Stack’s is to be commended for
finally issuing a quality reprint that does justice
to this legendary Half Cent collection. It’s
indispensable to one’s numismatic libraiy.”

The well known collector Donald
Groves says “This reprint of the
important Showers Collection of Half
Cents fills an important vacancy in my
own outstanding numismatic libraiy.”

Telephone: 212-582-2580 Fax: 212-582-1946 www.stacks.com

123 West 57th Street, New York NY 10019

TOM REYNOLDS P. O. BOX 24529 OMAHA, NE 68124 (402)895-3065

TDR1798@AOL.COM

The following coins were stolen on April 25,1999. If you locate any of these
contact me or Bill Fell of the Omaha Police Department at (402) 444-4695.

COLONIALS

1785

1787

1788

1787

SHARP-
NESS NET

DATE VARIETY RARITY GRADE GRADE PRICE COMMENTS

M4.4-C

M2-B

M6.1-M

M31.2-r.3

M32.2-X.4

6 -

1787 M33.2-Z.12 1

M33.7-r.2

M33.15-r.l

25+

$ 775

525

1500

475

375

275

1100

M33.38-Z.6

275

CONNECTICUT-BUST FACING RIGHT. Brown with minute surface grammess.

Tiny obv. rim bruise at 4:00. Striking weakness thru AUCT and corresponding rev.

A .

CONNECTICUT-MAILED BUST LEFT. Medium brown with smooth, glossy surfaces
Tiny mint clip at 10:30. Dark stain between the arm and ET. Rev. rotated 150 degrees

counterclockwise. Late die state. A+

CONNECTICUT-MAILED BEST LEFT. Smooth medium brown with only a hint of
roughness in the fields between INDE and the seated figure. Well centered with lull

dentils on the bust side and on the rev. from 8:00 to 4:00. A++
CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST. Chocolate with even surface granularity. Rev.

rotated 180 degrees. A

CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Old scrape
from field to eye. A

CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST. Medium brown with smooth surfaces. Light
_ lamination _

CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST. Light brown with choice surfaces
softly struck on center of obv. C
CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST. Brown with smooth surfaces. Old, light scrape or

nose. Old pin scratch down center of obv. Ex-Hillyer Ryder. A
CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST. Dark chocolate with very slight surface graininess
Some minor planchet flaws, mostly on rev. Late die state with heavy die failure on led

obv. A+

M33.39-S.1

M33.43-hh.2 6-

700 CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST. Medium brown with choice surfaces

850

M2-D

425

M12.1-E

385

M16.1-D

M16.1-H

625

CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST-ETLIR. Medium brown
Softly struck on point of bust and corresponding rev. C

CONNECTICUT-MAILED BUST FACING RIGHT. Brown with smooth surfaces.
Some green verdigris above ON and at feet. Two old, short scratches on rev. to right of

head. A

CONNECTICUT-MAILED BUST FACING LEFT. Brown with smooth surfaces.

Terminal die state with heavy swell at top of head. Ex-Norweb n. Lot 2602. A+
CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+
CONNECTICUT-DRAPED BUST. Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor
flaws., A+

18-H. 1

15+

575

R4-C

25+

525

FUGIO-UNTTED STATES. Mottled medium brown and brown with reasonably smoo
surfaces. Ex-Stack’s, 5-1-91, Lot 294. A

MASSACHUSETTS HALF CENT. Brown with smooth surfaces. Ancient pin scratc
from bottom of O, across bow to field between star and face. Another from rim, thru
to top of bow. Removed from a PCGS holder graded VF30. A+

R4-C

1700

R4-C

4500

MASSACHUSETTS HALF CENT. Brown with some mint frost in the devices.

Smooth surfaces. Some striking weakness at right waist of Indian. Some very mine

hairlines. Small planchet flaw on rev. rim over TS. A+

MASSACHUSETTS HALF CENT. Brown with some lighter brown around some
devices. Choice, frosty surfaces. Well struck. Ex-Richard Picker, 1-15-59; Bowers
and Merena. Norweb, 3-25-88, Lot 2643. In a PCGS holder eraded MS64 Brown

1788 Rl-B

1788

1786

1787

Rll-E

Rll-F

M14-J

M28-L

215

MASSACHUSETTS HALF CENT. Brown but recolored long ago. Smooth surfaces
Tiny obv. rim nick at 12:30. Tiny rev. rim nick at 2:00. Late die state with heavy di

swelling thru sec<

525

12/15

12 +

275

15 +

335

585

265

MASSACHUSETTS CENT-PERIOD. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some
minor rim disturbances. A

MASSACHUSETTS CENT-PERIOD, Brown with smooth surfaces. Light planchet
striation thru left wing. A+

NEW JERSEY. Brown with smooth surfaces. Old pin scratch thru plow handles. Late
die state. A+

NEW JERSEY. Light brown with choice surfaces. Old, light scratch on obv. rim at
7:30. C

NEW JERSEY. Light brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some old, tiny obv, rim
nicks at 1:30, Tiny rev. rim bruise at 1:30. A+

f787

M46-e

1050

NEW .TER SEY. Chocolate with lighter devices. Smooth, glossy surfaces. DOUBLE
STRUCK, with the 2 ni strike slightly off-center. A+

1787

M46-e

675

NEW JERSEY. Medium brown but cleaned long ago. Smooth surfaces. Late die state
with swelling at top of 17. A+

1787

M52-i

400

NEW JERSEY. Medium olive brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks.
A+

1787

M54-k

1450

NEW JERSEY-SERPENT HEAD. Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nicks at

1:30, 7:30 and 10:30. The planchet is defective at the obv. rim at 4:30 that goes thru to
the rev. rim at 2:30. Tiny rev. rim nick at 11:00. Removed from a PCGS holder graded
VF35. A !

1788

M67-v

675

NEW JERSEY. Chocolate with glossy surfaces that are slightly granular. Some minor
planchet laminations. A

1785

RR-2

485

VERMONT-VERMONTS. Brown with smooth surfaces. Typical striking weakness at
lower obv. A+

1787

RR-13

285

VERMONT-BRITANNIA. Chocolate with slightly grainy surfaces. Typical weak rev.
Late die state with rim cud at point of bust. A

1783

Baker 4

310

WASHINGTON-LARGE MILITARY BUST. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces.

1791

Baker 16

1793 Baker 18
(1795) Baker 34

(1795) Baker 34

40+

875

685

475

600

750

Light rev. rim ding at 2:00.. A

WASHINGTON-SMALL EAGLE. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some very
minor circ. marks and rim ticks. A+

WASHINGTON-SHIP HALFPENNY. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. A++
WASHINGTON-NORTH WALES HALFPENNY. Medium brown with smooth
surfaces. A+

WASHINGTON-NORTH WALES HALFPENNY. Medium brown with smooth
surfaces. A+

WASHINGTON-NORTH WALES HALFPENNY. Brown with choice surfaces. A++

Many other lower grade pieces, mainly Connecticuts
HARD TIMES TOKENS

1834

Low

RUNNING BOAR. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

1834

Low

170

RUNNING BOAR. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. C

1834

Low

50+

130

THE CONSTITUTION. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. C

(1834)

Low

315

GULIAN VERPLANCK. Brass. Some dark toning at obv. rim at 7:30 and 10:00. A+

1837

Low

ILLUSTRIOUS PREDECESSOR. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Struck slightly
off-center toward 3:00. C

1837

Low

ILLUSTRIOUS PREDECESSOR. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. C

1837

Low

ILLUSTRIOUS PREDECESSOR. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. C

1837

Low

335

ILLUSTRIOUS PREDECESSOR. 85% mint red with choice, lustrous surfaces. C

1837

Low

LIBERTY-NOT ONE CENT. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

1837

Low

LIBERT Y-NOT ONE CENT. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

1837

Low

LIBERT Y-NOT ONE CENT. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

1837

Low

MAY 10 th . Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

1837

Low

385

MAY 10 th . Brown with 10% mint red. Choice, frosty surfaces. C

1837

Low

NOT ONE CENT. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

1837

Low

35+

MAY 1 0 th . Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

(1833)

Low

I TAKE THE RESPONSIBILITY. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

1833)

Low 51

1833)

Low 51

841

Low 61

30+

834

Low 83

834

Low 84

835

Low 88

1837)

Low 97

1837)

Low 98

836

Low 104

837

Low 107

837

Low 112

837

Low 120/1A

837

Low 120/3B

837

Low 120/3E

837

Low 123

837

Low 136

1835-44) Low 266

1835-1844) Low 266

60+

75 I TAKE THE RESPONSIBILITY. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. C
145 I TAKE THE RESPONSIBILITY. Brown with some faded mint red. Choice, lustrous

surfaces. C

285 DANIEL WEBSTER. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

85 H.M. & E.I. RICHARDS. Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. A

85 S.B. SCHENCK. Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. A+

450 BUCKLIN’S INTEREST TABLES. Brown with some silvering on rev. Notch on rim at
1:30. Some hairlines and circ. marks. Some planchet striations on rev. A-
55 MERCHANTS EXCHANGE. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

260 MERCHANTS EXCHANGE. Brown with 20% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. C
250 R. & W. ROBINSON. Brown with 5% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny rev.
rim nick at 11:30. Ex-1995 EAC Sale, Lot 76; 1999 EAC Sale, Lot 35. CHOICE.

95 HENRY ANDERSON. Medium brown with some peeps of mint red. Choice surfaces.

40 H. GROSSMAN. Brown with smooth surfaces. A+

130 FEUCHTWANGER CENT. A+

235 FEUCHTWANGER CENT. C
235 FEUCHTWANGER CENT. A+

28 GEORGE A. JARVIS. Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. A+

110 SMITH’S CLOCK ESTABLISHMENT. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. A+

47 WM. H. MILTON & CO. Brown with smooth, forsty surfaces. A+

200 WM. H. Milton & CO. Brown with 15% mint red on obv. and 5% on rev. Choice,

lustrous surfaces. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot39. C

IALF CENTS

793

C#2

793

C#3

[793

C#4

1794

C#la

1794

C#la

1794

C#la

1794

C#4a

1794

C#4a

1794

C#5a

1794

C# 6a

1795

C#5a

1795

C#5b

50+

22,000

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny ohv. rim nick at 830. Some very minor
marks The nicest I have owned!!! A great 1793!! A++

9500

Olive brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 11.00. Two very fa:
planchet striations: One from obv. rim at 9:00 to point of bust; The other from obv. rim
lins. Removed from a PCGS holder graded VF35. A+

Milk chocolate with choice surfaces, liny rev. run
above LI, follows the beaded border to the rim at 2:
Removed from a PCGS holder graded VF35. A+

30+

25+

3500

Brown with some darker brown on lower obv. Smooth surfaces. I my obv. run nicK ai
4:00. Old, light mark on field parallels forehead. Some planchet flaking around OF. Ex-
Roger Cohen; Superior, 2-2-92, Lot 8. Comes with Roger s envelope and flip insert. A+

Rrnwn with smooth, glossy surfaces. Old, minor scratch in rev. dentils at 6.00. A+

3800

Brown wit
XF40. A+

15+

1950

3100

3250

Tan with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marxs. l my rev. rim ui uj
Die State m. A+

Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruises at 2:30 and 4:30. Ancient
scratch above date and around the point of the bust. Die State HI. A+

Brown and orange from being cleaned and recolored. Smooth surfaces. A

5750

Medium olive brown with even surface granularity. Sc

owned

1794

C#9

12+

10+

635

Chocolate with glossy surfaces that are slightly granular. Tiny obv. rim nick at 6:00. Three
dentils by cap are siightlv flattened. Three tiny rev. rim nicks. A

1794

C#9

1500

Brown and smooth. Ex-1996 EAC Sale, 5-4-96, Lot 58.

1795

C#1

200

ELECTROTYPE.___

___ * ■ 1 jr 1 M n'

AME

675

Pole. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny obv. rim
rim dent at 1:30. Late die state with rev. die failure. Re:

550

PCGS holder graded FI 5. A+

Plain Edge. No Pole. STRUCK ON A THICK PLANCHET Brown wit]
Some minor circ. marks. These pieces are always struck in a very late du
date and heavy rev. crack and die swelling. A C#5a is normally on a thin
weighing approximately 84 grains. A C#5b is usually on a thick planchet
approximately 115 grains. This piece weighs 98.3 grains, so is right in th

1795

C#5b

450

Interesting. A+

Plain Edge. No Pole. STRUCK ON A THICK PLANCHET. Weight: 115.8 grains.

1795

C#5b

650

Plain Edge. No Pole. STRUCK ON A THICK PLANCHET. Brown and smooth. Weight:

1795

C#5b

835

110.2 grains. A+

Plain Edge. No Pole. Medium brown with a touch of orange around LIB from a very old

1795

C#5b

1600

cleaning. Smooth, glossy surfaces, which is unusal for a C#5b. Typical weak date.
STRUCK ON A THICK PLANCHET. Weight: 118.5 grains. A+

Plain Edge. No Pole. Medium brown with choice surfaces. Typical weak date. Late die

1795

C#6a

8/10

535

state. STRUCK ON A THICK PLANCHET. Weight: 119.9 grains. C

Plain Edge. No Pole. Medium brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some ancient, faint

hairlines. Struck on a cut down Talbot, All urn and Lee token. Some undertype shows by
right ribbon end. Parts of NEW YORK and the flag show above D STATES, so struck on a
1794 TAL with NEW YORK. A+ ______

1795

C#6a

25/35

2400

Plain Edge. No Pole. Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 5:00.

Removed from an ANACS holder graded VF35. Very nice. A++

1795

C#6a

30/35

2800

Plain Edge. No Pole. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. No defects. C

1795

C#6a

35+

3400

Plain Edge. No Pole. Brown with choice surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks and
hairlines. Removed from a PCGS holder graded XF40. C

1795 C#6b 6 12 12 5000 Plain Edge. No Pole. Choice, smooth medium brown with some reddish hints on the upper

obv. Large cent undertype consisting of dentils, C in CENT, three leaves and a beny are
clearly visible. Weight: 100.5 grains. S TRUCK ON A THICK PLANCfffiI\

1797

C#1

40+

$2900

^ A WA AT T A M rL V A i T T frJ. * ^ - A ^ v ^ ^ ^ . ■" — —

1 Above 1. Medium brown but cleaned and recolored. Smooth surfaces. Some hairlines
on both sides. Tiny rev. rim nick at 1:00. Die State IV. Ex-Jim McGuigan; Roger Cohen;
Superior, 2-2-92, Lot 70. A

1797

C#1

12,000

1 above 1. Brown with choice surfaces. Late die state. C

1797

C#2

3850

Plain Edge. Brown with smooth surfaces. The planchet was thin in the area of the obv. rim
from 3:00-4:30 and the corresponding rev., causing a weak strike and no dentilation. The
rest of the coin has the long, heavy dentilation so characteristic o: this variety. There are
some old, swirled pin scratches on that cheek that have completely retoned and take a 1 OX
glass to see. Struck thru a piece of wire at the rev. rim at 9:00 to the top of the first S in
STATES. Die State IV. A

1797

C#3a

10+

725

Plain Edge. Medium brown with smooth surfaces. Old, light scrape at feet of 97. Another
on point of bust. Another on field in front of neck. Small spot on rev. rim at 7:30. Some
minor circ. marks. A

1800

C#1

2500

Brown with some mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

1802/0

C#2

1200

Brown but possibly recolored long ago. Smooth surfaces. Ancient, faint hairline from over
the ear to drapery over the 2. Some minor circ. marks. Die State HI. Removed from an
ANACS holder graded VG8. A+

1802/0

C#2

14,000

Brown with smooth surfaces. LDS, struck from rusted dies. A++

1803

300

Brown with smooth surfaces. Light mark under Y. Old cut on right obv. field. Old scratch
from hair ribbon to curl on neck. Some circ. marks. Something hit the coin in the area of
the curl on the neck a long time ago. This caused the rev. to slightly bulge. Ex-Roger
Cohen, 5-1986; 1999 EAC Sale, Lot 59. A

1803

40+

965

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Possibly recolored long ago. Some minor circ. marks.
Die State VI. A+

1803

750

Brown and smooth. Several marks. Removed from an NGC holder graded AU50. A

1803

12,500

Medium golden brown faded from mint color. Choice, lustrous surfaces that are semi-
prooflike. Tiny obv. rim nick at 12:00. Some very minor circ. marks. Die State II, with the
rev. rotated 180 degrees. Condition Census #3, with some claims to CC#2. The new CC is;
60-55-50^15^10(4). The 60, 55 and 45 coins are in very strong collections that will
probably not be on the market for years and years. A new piece that was recently purchased
unattributed in a PC G holder grade AU55. It has been removed and brushed to bring out its
beauty. Very, very scarce in this level of condition. An important HALF CENT!!!. C

1804

C#6

12+

415

Crosslet 4. Stems. Spiked Chin. Brown with smooth surfaces. Obv. rim nick at 3:00.

Some minor circ. marks. Rev. rim nick at 3:00. Breen Die State VI. Braig Die State 2.2,
which he lists as R-6+. A very scarce die state that is seldom offered. A+

1804

C#6

12+

195

Crosslet 4. Stems. Spiked Chin. Medium brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ.
marks. Breen Die State XTV+. Braig Die State 9.0, which he lists as R-5+. A+

1804

835

Crosslet 4. Stems. Spiked Chin. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some very minor

C#8

C#9

C#10

104

C#12

104

C#12

104

C#12

104

C#13

104

C#13

804

C#13

805

C#1

805

C#3

805

C#3

805

C#3

806

C#1

806

C#1

1806

C#1

1806

C#1

WIAW . REVERSE DOUBLE STRUCK. This piece stuck in the obv. die and was

struck again with a slightly loose rev. die. The rev. is slightly doubled, most noticeable on
the right Early Die State X. The doubling caused some marks on the obv. ran at 3:00 and
an extra raised cud on part of the cud over MERIC. Also, there are some impressed dentils

on the wreath ribbon. A+

35+

325

Crosslet 4. Stems. Spiked Chin. Brown with choice surfaces, tin}: obv. run
10:00. Tinvobv. rim’

2700

3150

Crosslet 4. Stems. Spiked Chin. Brown with choice, trosty suriaces.
inside obv. rim from 9:30-10:30 that may have occurred during strikir
hairline on jaw. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS63 Brown
for Condition Census#!. A beauty!! C

Crosslet 4. Stems. Spiked Chin. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces
mint color. Ancient, faint hairline on neck. Removed from an NGC 1

Brown. Die State IV. Tied for C ^ ^

40+

635

50+

850

725

50+

725

685

825

40+

310

Crosslet 4. Stems. Medium brown with smooth, glossy suriaces. some veiv mmui
marks. Ancient, faint pin scratch from obv. rim at 3:00 to back of neck. Die State HI. A

Crosslet 4. Stems. Brown with choice surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Old, tan

pin scratch from nm over final S in STATES to over OF. In an NGC holder graded AU5

Very nice. A+ . .

Crosslet 4. Stems. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Small reddish spot under hair

ribbons. Some minor circ. marks. Old mark on crossbar of 8. Tinv rev. rim nick at 9.3C

A+ .

Crosslet 4. Stemless. Medium brown with choice surfaces. Some blue-green toning at
to CE. Some minor circ. marks. A++

Crosslet 4 Stemless. Brown with some darker toning on obv. Choice, lustrous surface:
Old nick on chin. Another on L in LIBERTY. Die State D. Removed from an ANACS

holder graded MS60 Brown. A+

Crosslet 4. Stemless. Brown with some mint red on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. So
very minor circ. marks. An ancient, faint pin scratch under 200 to final A. A++

Plain 4. Stemless. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Some

striking weakness at LIB and corre:

60+

2450

60+

2450

Plain 4. Stemless. Brown witl _

Some old, tiny marks on drapery over the 4. C

Plain 4. Stemless. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some very minor handling
marks. C

45+

625

1350

20 +

4000

4300

, Medium brown with faded mint
lossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Die State II. A+

Small 5. Stems. Brown with smooth surfaces. Most C#3s are darJc and porous, some
faint hairlines on center of rev. Nice. A+

Small 5. Stems. Removed from an ANACS holder graded FI 5.

Small 5. Stems. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Old, tiny dig at ear. Some old, tin
digs at back of head. Some minor circ. marks. Old scrape from rim to top of U. Two old

tiny digs on leaf below U. Another right of bow. Another at berry under first T m
STATES. Tied for Condition Census #5. A

1500

40+

175

750

975

55+

50+

885

Small 5. Stems. Brown with choice surfaces. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 71. C

Small 5 Stems. Olive brown but possibly recoloered long ago. Smooth surfaces coated

with wax. Striking weakness at left obv. and rev. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 72. A+

Small 6. Stemless. Brown and smooth. Old heavy ding at ear. A

Small 6. Stemless. Medium reddish-brown. Smooth surfaces. Light mark on jaw. Some
minor circ. marks and hairlines. DOUBLE STRUCK. This piece stuck in the obv. die anc
the rev. die was loose. The rev. die shifted slightly and the coin was struck a second time.

A+

Small 6. Stemless. Medium brown with smooth surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks.
In an NGC holder graded MS61 Brown. A+

Small 6. Stemless. Mottled brown and medium brown. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some
minor circ. marks. Small spot inside obv. rim at 9:30. Removed from an NGC holder

-a ded MS61 Brown. A+

1325

Stemless. Brown with 5-10% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some mmor
circ. marks. Die State Ht. A++

1806

C#2

3900

Small 6. Stems. Olive brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Cleaned and recolored long
ago. Old pin scratch from chin to obv. rim at 2:30. Another on field in front of nose. Two
tiny nicks on the nose. Some minor circ. marks. Die State E. An exceedingly scarce
variety in better grades. Ex-Ray Munde; Roger Cohen; Superior, 2-2-1992, Lot 229. A

1806

2550

Large 6. Stems. Medium brown with 15% faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

Some minor handling marks, so common with this variety. C

1807

900

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. C

1808

C#3

485

W.D. RAPP counter stamp.

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Rev. rotated 45 degrees

■

counterclockwise. A++

1808

C#3

35+

30+

675

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some faint hairlines hidden in hair. Ancient, faint
scratch on field beliind lowest curl. Some hairlines around STATE. Some minor circ.

marks. Die State I-E. Rev. rotated 170 degrees clockwise. A+

1808

C#3

35+

1000

Chocolate with smooth surfaces that are coated with wax. Some light marks on neck. Old
scrape on U. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 81. A+

1808

C§3

35+

885

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Die State YE-VIE. A+

1808

C#3

1300

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Some minor planchet laminations
on rev. Rev. rotated 45 degrees counterclockwise. A+

1808

C#3

50+

45+

1525

Brown with some faded mint red around some devices. Choice, frosty. Light nick below
jaw. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 11:00. Some minor circ. marks. Old, short, light scratch along
rim by D. Die State VE. Rev, rotated 25 degrees clockwise. Removed from an NGC
holder graded AU5 8. A+

1809

C#3

140

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Rev. rotated 30 degrees
counterclockwise. Rev. die misaligned so struck off-center slightly toward 10:30. A+

1809

C#3

50+

315

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Faint hairline under HALF. Late die state so obv. is a

1809

C#3

1811

55+

725

little mushy. C

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Cartwheel. Two old nicks on O in date. Ancient, faint
'in scratch from leaf under E in STATES to E in AMERICA. A++

1809

C#3

4100

Brown with faded mint red around devices. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick
at 1:00 and 9:30. A great 1809! C

1809/6

C#5

625

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Ex-Superior, 5-31-92, Lot 88. C

1809/6

C#5

625

Chocolate with some areas of lighter brown. Choice, frosty surfaces. Late die state.
Removed from an NGC holder graded AU58. C

1809

C#6

35+

190

Two-tone medium brown and brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 11:00.
Faint hairline over top of head. State I. A++

1809

C#6

190

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny mint clip at 8:00. Rev. rotated 45 degrees
clockwise. Nice. A+

1809

C#6

40+

210

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Faint pin scratch right of 9. Rev. rotated 150 degrees
counterclockwise. A+

1809

CC#6

375

Brown with smooth surfaces. Double struck with a small tab.

1809

C#6

500

Brown and smooth. Double struck with a small tab.

1809

C#6

50+

390

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Light nick on throat. Some minor circ. marks. Early
State E. A+

1810

45+

1475

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny mark on jaw. Some minor circ. marks. Some
brick red toning left of H in HALF. Removed from an ANACS holder graded AU55. Die
State IE. A+

1810

C#1

55+

2125

Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Ancient, faint pin scratch on point of bust. Another
right of star 1. Some very minor circ. marks. A++

30+

25+

1950 Chocolate with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. A+

3150

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some very faint obv. hairlines. Tiny rev. rim nick at 2:00.
Die State IV. Clashing shows above date and at back of head. Usual weak strike on left
side of rev. A very tough date in better grades. A+

1825

C#1

50+

975

1825

C#2

310

1825

C#2

45+

365

Medium brown obv. with some darker brown at top of head. The rev. is brown with some
faded mint red. Tiny dig right of upper lip. Some very minor circ. marks. Die State El.
Rev. rotated 150 degrees counterclockwise. A++

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Two tiny nicks on jaw. Die State I. A++

Medium brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny rev. rim nick at 11:00. Die State IE.
Removed from an ANACS holder graded AU50. A++

C#2

50+

365

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny rev. rim bruise at 2:00. Some minor

Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU53. A+

C#2

1200

2200

Brown with choice, lustrous surxaces. imy ouv. mu at
Die State m. Removed from an AN ACS holder graded MS 62 B:

Medium brown faded from mint color. Choice , lustrous surfaces
TTT frrim a hnldfT PTUded MS63 BrOWIl

C#1

50+

265

C#1

50+

225

C#3

C#2

210

175

CM3

c#i

C#3

C#2

C#1

C#2

ORIGINAL 5+

2 nd RESTRIKE

C#1

250

35+

2500
$ 70

60+

Brown with choice, lustrous suriaces. imy piaiicnci naw uu ^ —

A++

Two-tone brown and medium brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Light mark
bust. Some minor circ. marks. A+

13 Stars. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some tiny nicks on the point of

12 Stars. Brown with smooth surfaces that are a little dirty. Ancient, faint pin :
across upper neck. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 93. A+

13 Stars. Brown with faded mint red. Smooth, lustrous surfaces. Tiny mark or
Some minor circ. marks and hairlines. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 95 A+
Medium brown with mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. C

Medium brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 9:00. Some minor
rw stat e II. Removed from an ANACS hol der graded XF45. A+

brown with choice, frosty surfaces
NGC holder graded MS64 Brown. A-+

45+

1500

195

210

475

In an NGC holder graded MS65 thrown.

Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Die State VII
according to Ron Manley, is a R-6-. A+

Brown with some hints of faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some]

above star 7, Die State Id. C

Brown with 10% mint red on obv. and 25% on rev. Choice surfaces. A very
scratch over the top of the head. Some dark toning along obv. dentils from 1

IV. A++

60+

6350

ONLY ISSUE. Brown with a darker brown area thru

Tiny obv. rim bruise at 4:30. Free of hairlines and spots so common
82.4 grains. A+

7450

PROOF ONLY ISSUE. Two-tone medium olive brown. Reflective proot
surfaces. Tiny carbon spot by obv, dentils at 3.30. Removed from an NGC
holder graded PR64 Red and Brown (No red that I can see. ). Weight. 87.4
grains. Ex-G.E. Chatillon; B. Max Mehl, 11-1938, Lot 1687; Floyd Starr;
Stack’s, 6-13-84, Lot 874; Colonial Coins (Dr. G. W. Vogt); Heritage, 5-1990

Lot 601. A+

63+

1325

63+

1550

Brown with traces of mint red, more so on the rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces

top of throat. Another on field in front of chin. This coin and the two follov

nicest 1849's I have owned. C

Brown with faded mint red around the devices. Smooth, semi-prooflike surf?

mcrr-Vc An 1R4Q with some red is verv elusive. A++

S 2100

Brown with 15% mint red on obv. ana a trace on me rev. suuaw. ^ ^ «

fingerprint above the head. This is the most red I have seen on an 1849. Removed from an

xr nr holder araded MS64 Red and Brown. A++ _

40+

50+

385

uni brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny mark on field behind head. So
minor circ. marks. A low spot between D and S caused by grease on the die. A++
Medium brown with some darker brown on obv. Choice surfaces. Tiny dig on der

NT. C

62+

1225

62+

1325

Brown with traces of mint red. Choice frosty surfaces. Ancient, faint pin scratch Irom
earlobe to front of neck. A++

Brown with 5% mint red on obv. and 10% on rev. Choice, frosty surfaces. Some very
minor handling marks. Comes with an old 2 7/8"x 1 3/4” envelope marked “Unc-Traces of

red $1.” A++

2 nd RESTRIKE 7

5950

PROOF ONLY ISSUE ... ,.

reflective surfaces. Old scrape in obv. dentils at 3:00. Tiny mint clip at 5:30 causes a slight

_ ^ b jrtfc jT'V A __ _^ _ ^ ^ ^ ■ J- ! r

depression on obv. rim and com
with only 7 pieces known. This

holder graded PR62 Brown. Weight: 96.7 grains. Ex-American Auction Associates, 11-
1972, Lot 125; RARCOA, 5-1973, Lot 635. A ___

1853 C#1 12 58+ 58 285 Medium brown with 5% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 1:00.

Some tiny marks on chin. A++

1855

C#1

465

Brown with Deeps of mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny low" spot caused by grease
on the die between stars 7-8. Unusual in that 90% of the dentils show on both sides. C
Brown with 10% mint red on obv. and 20% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny obv.
rim nick at 11:00. Some minor handling marks. A minor stain above T in CENT. A+

1855

c#i

535

Medium brown with 10% mint red on obv. and 20% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

Some very minor carbon specks and handling marks. 90% of the dentils show on both
sides. C_

1856 C#1 1 62 62 485 Medium brown with hints of faded mint red. Choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny low spot above

point of bust caused by grease on the die. Another below" wreath above L. Removed from

an NGC holder graded MS64 Brown. C

1856

C#1

775

Brown with 50% mint red on obv. and 75% on rev. Smooth, lustrous surfaces. Some tiny
low spots, caused by grease on the die, are scattered about the obv. A+

1856

775

85% mint red on obv. and 30% on rev. Choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny carbon spot in front of
chin. Some very minor handling marks. A++

1856

775

Brown with 15% mint red on obv. and 70% on rev. Smooth, frosty surfaces. Some minor
handling marks and carbon specks. Removed from an NGC holder graded MSD64 Red and
Brown. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 111. A+

1856

63+

800

60% faded mint red on obv. and 90% on rev. Smooth, lustrous surfaces. Tiny obv. rim
bruise at 7:00. Numerous low spots around HALF CENT, caused by grease on the die.

A++

1856

C#1

63+

985

Medium brown with 20% mint red on obv. and 80% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

Some tiny marks on jaw. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS63 Red and Brown.

A++

1856

C#1

$6350

PROOF. Olive brown with choice proof surfaces. Tiny spot on neck. Small reddish-brown
spot touches top of head over B. Weight: 82.8 grains. Removed from a PCGS holder
graded PR64 Brown. A+

1857

C#1

60+

375

Brown with some faded mint red on rev. Smooth, frosty surfaces. Tiny mark on upper
neck. Several low spots on obv. caused by grease on the die. Removed from a PCGS
holder graded MS62 Brown. A+

1857

C#1

435

Medium brown with some peeps of mint red. Choice, frosty surfaces. Some very minor
handling marks. Small carbon spot above star 5. Removed from an NGC holder graded
MS62 Brown. A+

1857

C#1

60+

4950

PROOF. Brown with rose and blue overtones. Choice proof surfaces. Some faint
hairlines. Some very minor carbon specks. Weight: 85.0 grains. A+

1857

C#1

4950

PROOF. Brown with choice proof surfaces. Some faint hairlines, so typical of Proof Half
Cents. Weight: 88.3 grains. Removed from an NGC holder graded PR63 Brown, A+

1857

C#1

5850

PROOF. Brown with choice proof surfaces. Two old, tiny nicks just above the head. Tiny
planchet flake on rev. rim at 2:30. Weight: 88.2 grains. Removed from a PCGS holder
graded PR 64 Brown. C

SHARP¬
NESS NET

DATE

VARIETY

RARITY

GRADE

PRICE

COMMENTS

1793

S-l

$ 1175

Chain-Ameri. Brown with reasonably smooth surfaces. A light nick below the eye. Some
ancient obv. pin scratches. Five short, parallel scratches under ED. LIBERTY is faint.
Head is complete. No date. Legend is faint but AMERI. shows. A

1793

S-l

1175

Chain-Ameri. Olive brown with smooth surfaces. Some old, light scratches at obv. rim at
3:00 and 10:00. An old checker board grid lightly pin scratched between UNITED and
STATES, STATES and OF, and AMERI. and UNITED. LIBERTY is complete. No date.
Rev. is complete. A

1793

S-2

1950

Chain-America. Brown with smooth surfaces. A line-1 ike planchet striation on left obv.
field. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 5:30. No date. Some line-like planchet striations across
center of rev. Tiny rev. rim bruise at 8:30. A

1793

S-4

2400

Chain-America-Periods. Dark steel-brown with surfaces that are a little grainy. Some
small, scattered red pits on obv., mostly on face and right field. Full date. Periods show.
Small mint clip, with the “bars” showing in the recessed area. Ex-Bowers and Merena, 0-

S-5

S-9

S-13

S-10

S-14

S-18b

S-19a

S-19b

S-21

S-23

S-24

S-31

S-36

S-43

S-46

S-51

S-55

S-56

S-63

12 +

15+

10/5 6

25+

12/8 8

1225

1725

8500

3750

1850

3000

1350

750

1700

650

1995, Lot 1125. A

Wreath-Vine and Bars. Brown with even surface granularity. Some minor obv. rim bruise,
worst over ER. Some minor rev. rim bruises. A

Wreath-Vine and Bars. Dark brown fields with lighter devices. Probably recolored long
ago. Reasonably smooth surfaces. Some scattered circ. marks and hairlines. Some obv.

and rev. rim bruises. A

Wreath-Vine and Bars. Brown with smooth surfaces. In an NGC holder graded Xf 45.

A++

Liberty Cap. Burnished. Ex-Heritage, 4-99, Lot 5585.

Wreath-Vine and Bars. Brown with lighter devices. Probably recolored long ago. Glossy
surfaces that are granular. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 119. A

Liberty Cap. Reddish-brown. Recolored. Even surfaces granularity. Some marks on obv.
Date gone. Some marks and scratches on rev. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 122 A-

Headofl793. Brown with brick red toning below cap, LIB, and parts of rev. The surfaces

are smooth, although there are some minor green pits on the rev. Tiny obv. rim bruises at
4:00 and 9:30. There is an area of green erosion on rev. rim at 5:30. Ex-1999 EAC Sale,

Lot 125. A

Head of 1793. Brown with slight iridescence from being cleaned and recolored. Glossy
surfaces that are slightly granular. 1 iny spot at center ot obv. Date is very faint. Light
obv. rim smoothing at 10:00. Light rev. rim smoothing at 11:00. Typical striking weakness

at upper left. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 127. A

Head of 1793. Brown with smooth surfaces. Some tiny pits at top of obv. Tiny obv. rim
bruise at 5:30. Some tiny marks on center of rev. A

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some scattered circ. marks and pin scratches. Ex-1999 EAC
Sale, Lot 130. A

4200

Medium brown with choice surfaces. Some very minor
Virtually perfect. In an NGC holder graded XF45. C

1225

$3900

Brown with some small areas of brick red oxidation on the obv. Reasonably smooth
surfaces. Small obv. rim ding at 12:00. Some minor circ. marks and hairlines. Old,
scratches from left ribbon bow, along wreath to between TA of STATES. A-

Olive brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nicks at 11:30 and 12:30. A lew otner
minor rim bruises on the obv. and rev. Some old dings on E in LIBERTY. Tiny dig below
mouth. Some minor circ. marks. Late die state with heavy crack thru cap, across the face
and above the pole. Another crack right of Y to nose. An important S-23 and not nearly as
bad as it sounds. Tied for Condition Census #8. Ex-Coin Galleries, 11-1981, Lot 1356;
Del bland; Bob Shalowitz; C.R. Chambers; Superior, 2-2-92, Lot 662. A_

7500

500

1500

3400

Light brown with smooth surfaces. Some areas of red oxidation on obv. ana rev. tx-jacK
Robinson; superior, 1-1989, Lot 37; superior, 10-11-1992, Lot 63. CC#3. A+

Brown with lighter high points. Glossy surfaces that are coated with wax. Slight surface

granularity. Tiny obv. rim nick at 11:30. Typical striking weakness at center of rev. Ex-

1999 EAC Sale, Lot 132. A

Mottled light brown with some red tones on the obv. The rev. is light brown. Some gree
verdigris in the lower right obv. Ex-Superior, 10-91, Lot 688. A+

Brown with lighter devices. The surfaces are slightly grainy. The 3 rd I have owned. Tie(
for Condition Census #8. A

2 +

8250

2150

600

Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces, l iny obv. nr
Ancient, faint pin scratch along bottom of shoulde
Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU53. A+

Chocolate with slightly grainy surfaces. Tiny rev. rim nick at 12:30. Some minor ci
marks. A

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Heavy obv. rim dent at 11:30. Small obv. rim
at 10:30. Some circ. marks. A name has been pin scratched behind the head long aj

Several rev. rim bruises and dir

35+

3700

Brown but probably recolored long ago. Smooth surfaces. £
obv. rim bruises at 1:30, 4:00, 7:30 and 10:00. Tiny rev. rim
nick at 10:30. Small rev. rim bruise at 7:30. Tied for Condil

it sounds. A

40+

4750

3100

Removed from a PCGS holder graded XF45. Tied for CC#3. A+

Brown but probably recolored long ago. Smooth surfaces. Small area of brick red toning
right of Y. Three faint pin scratches on right obv. field. Some areas of brick red toning <

rev. A

1794

1795

S-65

S-68

S-76b

3950

Medium brown with choice surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. In a PCGS holder graded
XF45. Verv pretty 1794!! A++

35+

650

12,000 Brown with smooth surfaces that are a little dirty. Some brick red oxidation around wreath

bows and EN. Two obv. rim nicks at 12:30. Some minor circ. marks. Some minor rev. rim
disturbances. Very early die state with no obv. die crack. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 156.
Plain Edge. Brown with smooth surfaces. A tiny green speck of verdigris at top of B.

Some striking weakness on rev. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 161. A+

Plain Edge. Two-tone medium brown and brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny nick on lower
neck. Light mark at feet of 7 and 9. Tiny obv. rim nick at 10:00. Tiny obv, rim bruise at
3:00. Tiny rev. rim bruises at 1:30 and 4:00. Some minor circ. marks and hairlines. A+
Plain Edge. Medium brown with choice surfaces. Some very minor planchet striations.
Removed from an AN ACS holder graded XF40

2650

3900

1795

S-76b

45+

4250

Plain Edge. Medium brown with choice surfaces. Small reddish spot below cap. Very
nice. A+

1795

S-76b

45+

5000

Plain Edge. Brown with choice surfaces. A planchet split at obv. rim at 4:00 goes thru to
rev. C. i

1795

S-76b

4750

Plain Edge. Brown with some areas of reddish-brown toning. Some tiny pits between L
and I. Some minor planchet striations, mostly on rev. A+

1795

S-76b

6500

Plain Edge. Medium brown with choice glossy surfaces. Some very minor planchet
striations. A planchet split at obv. rim at 4:00 goes thru to rev. Removed from a PCGS
holder graded AU5 5. C

1795

S-76b

8150

Plain Edge. Brown with choice surfaces. Tiny planchet flaw hidden in hair at back of
neck. C

1795

S-76b

8650

Plain Edge. Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Old, light scratch under NT.
Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS63 Brown. A very pretty 1795!!! C

1795

S-78

5350

Plain Edge. Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Some minor planchet striations. N in
UNITED weak, as usual. A++

1795

S-76b

750

Plain Edge. Straight mint clip.

1795

S-76b

45+

5000

Plain Edge. Ex-Superior, 1-1990, Lot 662.

1795

S-78

3/1

175

Plain Edge. Double struck. Ex-M & G, 8-17-96, Lot 110.

1796

S-82

3500

Liberty Cap. Light porosity. Flip over double strike.

1796

S-83

3/1

250

Liberty Cap. 15% off-center toward 1:00.

1796

S-84

6/3

145

Liberty Cap. Brown with smooth surfaces. Small obv. rim nick at 10:30. Tiny rev. rim
bruise at 12:00. Some minor circ. marks. 6 very weak from die swelling. A

1796

S-87

275

Liberty Cap. Brown with slight surface granularity. Small pit on cap. The 6 is gone from
die swelling. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 168. A

1796

S-88

975

Liberty Cap. Dark chocolate with even surface graininess. The obv. may have been lightly
burnished long ago. Tiny rev. rim bruise at 4:00. A

1796

S-89

20+

4900

Liberty Cap. Brown with smooth surfaces. Ancient, faint hairline at back of neck. Some

very minor circ. marks. Tiny rev. rim nicks at 8:30, 11:00 and 12:30. A very common
variety but a very low Condition Census. Tied for Condition Census #6. Ex-Joseph
Kuehnert; Steve Fischer; Del Bland; Bob Shalowitz; C. R. Chambers; Don Valenziano:
1990 EAC Sale. 5-1990. Lot 33. A+

1796

S-90

1025

1796

S-91

2900

1796

S-98

1200

1796

S-99

500

1796

S-101

5/3

325

1796

S-112

460

Liberty Cap. Brown with brick red toning. The surfaces are lightly granular, with some
small green specks, mostly on rev. Small obv. rim dent at 2:30. Tiny obv. bruise at 10:30.
Rev. rotated 180 degrees. A

Liberty Cap Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruises at 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, and
8:30. Shallow mark on jaw. Tied for Condition Census #11. Ex-Norm Pullen; Bob
Shalowitz; Jack Robinson; Superior, 1-29-89, Lot 166; Dennis Mendelson; Del Bland; Phil
Ralls. A

Draped Bust. Rev. of 1795. Brown with lighter devices. May have been cleaned long ago.
The surfaces are minutely granular. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 7:30. Some light marks inside
obv. rim at 9:00. Ex-Federal Coin Exchange, 1957 ANA, Lot 821; Charles Ruby; Superior,
2-1975, Lot 93; Roger Cohen; Superior, 2-1992, Lot 774; CVM; Willard Carmel. A
Draped Bust. Rev. of 1795. Brown with some brick red toning on obv. Reasonably
smooth surfaces. Some old scratches thru hair ribbon to lowest curls. Some circ. marks.
Tiny rev. rim bruise at 8:00. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 176. A

Draped Bust. Rev. of 1794. Brown with slight surface granularity. Some faint hairlines.
Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 177. A

Draped Bust. Rev. of 1794. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at

'96

797

798

[798

S-112

S-119

s-138

S-139

S-140

S-135

S-148

S-157

S-163

S-166

S-169

S-170

S-173

S-175

950

1:00. Small obv. rim dent at 5:30. Some ancient, taint tiairJ
rev. Typical striking weakness at center ot rev. A
Draped Bust. Rev. of 1794. Chocolate with reddish-brown
glossy surfaces that are coated with lacquer. I suspect that i
surfaces will probably be granular. Tiny obv. rim bruise at

185 A-

60+

8650

3 ed Bust. Rev. of 1797. Medium brown with choice surfaces. A minimum
tia so often found on this variety. A tiny mint clip at 3:30. Late die state w

rim cud over AT. A nice exami 1

'97

S-120B

50+

5000

Rev. of 1796, Gripped Edge. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS62 Brown. Ex-
Heritage, 2-1990, Lot 821.

191

S-121b

15+

1250

Rev. of 1796. Gripped Edge. Dark olive brown. Glossy surfaces that are evenly granular.

Tiny nick in hair behind ear. LDS, with heavy cracks behind the head. Ex-1999 EAC Sale,

Lot 188. A

191

S-122

2500

Olive brown with light, even porosity. Tiny pit below ear. Tiny obv. rim bruises at 5:00
and 6:00. An especially tough variety that usually comes in horrible condition. Only the 5 th

I have owned in 33 years. Tied for Condition Census #12. A-

191

S-125

2500

Dark olive brown with finely porous surfaces that are mark free except for a rim bump over
N in UNITED. Ex-US CENTS, 4-99, Lot 32.

191

S-126

15+

715

Brown with smooth surfaces. Ancient, faint pin scratch hidden in hair. Some minor circ.
marks. Early die state. In an NGC holder graded VF20. A+

797

S-134

20+

15+

1000

Brown with some small red stains on right obv. field. Smooth surfaces with a little
verdigris by hair ribbons. Old, short scratch behind hair ribbons. Some obv. hairlines.

Some minor circ. marks. Tiny rev. rim bruise at 8:00. STA gone from strike. Ex-1999

EAC Sale, Lot 204. A_

797

S-134

4850

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some darker toning behind the head. Some very
minor circ. marks. Condition Census #5. A++ ____

5/3

4/12

300

500

200

1000

1950

5-7% off-center.

Brown with smooth surfaces but there is some red toning around the wreath bows. Some
light pitting at UN, leaves below and left of bow. Tiny obv. rim nick at 9:00. Some minor
circ. marks. Small pit on leaves left of O in ONE. LDS, with swelling thru 97, point ot

bust and OF. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 207. A
Double struck. Ex-1994 EAC Sale, Lot 221.

Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 5:30. Some minor obv. hairlines.
Some minor planchet striatia often found on Nichol s Hoard coins. Tiny rev. rim nick at
19 00 Removed from an NGC holder graded AU50. A ____

60+

7100

Medium brown with choice , prooflike surfaces. Some luster. Some striking weakness
Tiny planchet flake above hair ribbon. There is a shallow low spot over N in ONE cau
by grease on the die. Ex-Joel Harwin; Doug Bird; Gary Ruttenberg; M & G, 8-17-96,1

139. C

Brown

25+

1250

Brown with smooth glossy surfaces. I my obv. rim mcK at 11 :iu. ^ome pn
obv. dentils from 3:00-4:30. Light marks on drapery right of 8. Some dark
from hair ribbon thru LIB. Some circ. marks and hairlines. Ex-1999 EAC

715

35+

1450

1250

Brown with minute granularity. Tiny pits on obv. between L and K. borne minor circ.
marks and hairlines. A

Chocolate with smooth, glossy surfaces. Faint pin scratch from base of T to left arm of Y.
Some minor circ. marks. The obv. is very slightly off-center toward 7:00 causing weakness

at lower obv. and upper right rev. A+

Reddish-brown from being cleaned and recolored. The surfaces are reasonably smooth.
Tiny obv. rim nick at 3:00. Tinvrev. rim 1 ™ 1 ^ ^ 3 ”*

35+

30+

3350

rfaces. Some minor toning freckles (not corrosive ). borne minor
tate with arc die crack behind the head. Tied for Condition Cens
NGC holder graded XF45. A+

30+

1300

20 +

1325

Olive brown with reasonably smooth surfaces. Old, light scratch thru I in UNITED
scattered circ. marks. A

Chocolate with reasonably smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marks and h
Anrifmt nin scratch from obv. rim at 4:30 to lower neck. A

■ *

1798

S-182

1798

S-183

1798

S-184

1798

S-184

1798

S-184

1798

S-184

1798

S-184

1799

S-189

1799

S-189

2 -

2 +

4850 Brown with smooth surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Condition Census #3. A++

340

950

30+

1500

Chocolate with even surface granularity. Small area of raised green deposit below L.
Another back of hair ribbons. Old dig inside obv. rim at 3:30. Typical weak date. A
Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 7:00. Some minor planchet
lamination on rev. A+

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some old, light marks on jaw. Some minor circ.
marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 222. A+

3850

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks and hairlines. Tied for
Condition Census #11. C

40+

3100

Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Tied for Condition Census
#11. Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU50. A+

3000

Brown but the obv. has been cleaned and recolored long ago. Smooth, glossy surfaces.
Some minor circ. marks. A curved line, that occurred during striking, from rim at 8:00 thru
bottom of 179. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 223. A

7500 Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor marks

4500 Brown with smooth surfaces. Large pit at point of bust. Two more on rev

1800/798

S-190

12+

675

1800/798

S-190

20+

1500

1800/798

S-191

25+

2000

1800/79

S-192

30+

3350

1800/79

S-195

275

1800/79

S-195

8250

1800/79

S-196

2300

1800/79

S-196

2950

I st Hair Style. Steel-brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv, rim nick at 4:30. Some minoi
circ, marks. Some striking weakness at upper rev. A+

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces that are coated with lacquer. Tiny obv. rim nick at
1:00. Some tiny marks behind the head. Obv. rim dent at 5:00, Some obv. hairlines. Tiny
rev. rim nick at 9:00. Tiny rev. rim bruise at 4:30. Some brick red toning on rev. Ex-1999
EAC Sale, Lot 227. A

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces that are coated with lacquer. Some circ. marks and
hairlines. Some minor rev. rim ticks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 229. A

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Tied for Condition Census #5,
with the CC#3 piece impounded in the ANS. A+

Chocolate with dark green tonung. The surfaces are glossy but are evenly porous. Ex-1999
EAC Sale, Lot 234. A-

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks and hairlines. Some roughness on
the face, possibly as made. Tied for Condition Census #3. A

Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny nick at back of neck. Another at back of head. Some
minor circ. marks. Tied for Condition Census #11. A+

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Ancient, faint hairline on cheek.

1800

S-197

1625

1800

S-200

20+

1650

1800

S-202

465

1800

S-202

4000

1800

S-203

900

1800

S-203

30+

2650

1800

S-203

1550

1800

S-204

20+

1625

1800

S-205

20+

1300

Tiny rev, rim nick at 11:30. Tied for Condition Census #10. A+

Q-Variety. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Small, old pit in hair behind the eye.
Some minor circ. marks and hairlines. Some brick red toning at fraction. Neat coin! A
Chocolate but cleaned and recolored. Smooth, glossy surfaces. Some tiny obv. rim nicks.
Ancient pin scratch from hair under T to in front of ear. Some minor circ. marks. Two
fresh pin scratches at UN. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 238. A

Dark chocolate with even surface granularity. Tiny dig in front of mouth. Two short, light
scratches left of L. Late die state with heavy swelling at lowest curl and behind the head.
Heavy swelling thru TATE. A

Dark brown but recolored. Smooth, glossy surfaces. Obv. rim nick at 6:30. Tiny nick and
scrape at obv. rim at 10:00. Two parallel scratches above hair ribbons. Green spot of
corrosion inside obv. rim at 10:30. Tiny rev. rim scrape at 3:00. LDS, with heavy die
failure by lowest curls and die swelling thru ATE. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 241. A
Brown with smooth surfaces. Some dark brown toning from D thru ST. Tiny obv. rim nick
at 5:00. Tiny obv. rim nick at 11:00. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 242. A+

Chocolate with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Tiny dent between feet of O and
N. Somewhat softly struck on the face. The clashing is not as heavy as on the following
piece. Tied for Condition Census #5. A+

Reddish-brown with darker toning at back of head. Cleaned and recolored. Smooth
surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 12:30. Some minor circ. marks. Heavy clash marks thru
ATES OF. Tied for Condition Census #9. A

Brown with some darker brown on obv. Smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks and pin
scratches. Tiny planchet split at obv. rim at 10:30 goes thru to rev. rim at 8:00. Good eye
appeal. Not as bad as it sounds. Tied for Condition Census #11. A
Medium brown with bluish overtones. Cleaned and recolored long ago. Smooth, glossy
surfaces. Some minor circ. marks and hairlines. A

800

801

802

1802

S-205

S-207

S-209

S-210

S-212

S-216

S-219

NCI

S-225

S-227

S-228

S-231

25+

1900

15 +

1125

Brown with some darker brown on rev. Smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at
11:00. Some minor carbon specks. Some old pin scratches on rev. Tied for Condition

Census #11. A

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Tiny rev. rim bruise at 10.00. Old,
short scratch at end of left stem. Late die state with rim break under fraction and heavy rev.
die cracks. Tied for Condition Census #12. A+

5UU

800

d-ZUS

S-208

20+

3100

Medium brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Some famt
hairlines on left rev. Terminal die state with heavy TY cud. Tied for Condition Census #3.
Removed from an NGC holder graded VF35. Ex-Spink, Byron Reed, 10-9-96, Lot 245. A+

800

S-208

4500

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Old curved, light scratch on field in front ot face.

Some circ. marks. Condition Census #2. A+_—

* n * A *

950

1250

12 +

350

5500

50+

5500

10/12 8

650

1150

20 +

500

450

Chocolate with glossy surfaces that are slightly grainy. Some very minor circ. marKS. ai-
Brown with very slight surface granularity. Possibly recolored long ago. Two light nicks
on neck. The dies were not parallel sot the lower obv. and upper rev. were weakly

impressed. The date is very weak. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 244. A

Olive brown with reasonably smooth surfaces. Old scratches from rim at 3:00 to chin. Tim

obv. rim bruise at 3:00. Some minor circ. marks, Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 245. A

Tan with choice surfaces. Old obv. rim nick at 4:00. Ex-Superior, Robbie Brown, 9-3Q-86 ;

Lot 319. A++

Brown with tiny black specks. Smooth, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Typical
soft strike. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 248. A+

Three Errors. Dark brown. Cleaned and recolored. Slight surface granularity. Two old,
light pin scratches on cheek. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 249. A

Brown with some brick red toning on rev. Some dark green verdigris on rev. The surfaces
are slightly granular. Old scratch at eye. Tiny obv. rim nick at 4:30. Ex-1999 EAC Sale,

Lot 253. A-

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces that are coated with lacquer. Some minor circ. marks.
Tiny nick over the eye. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 255. A+

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some old, minor circ. marks and pin scratches. Small pit on
upper neck. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 258. A+

40+

2950

1/000. Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor
# 1 2. A popular variety! A+

110

35+

1025

Stemless, Brown with
marks. Small obv. rim
Sale. Lot 262. A

Stemless. Brown with

1802 S-232 1

L802

S-233

1802

S-233

1802

S-234

1802

S-234

1802 S-234 3

1802 S-235 3+

1100

1500

35+

1500

650

550

30+

785

650

2500

A+

Medium brown with choice surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 11:00. Some brick red patina
around CA, right stem, right ribbon and 00. Some green specks between A and right
ribbon. Faint pin scratch from rev. rim at 7:30 to leaves left of C in CENT. A very
interesting strike with LI and hair ribbons weak and UNITED almost gone. Ex-C. Douglas

Smith. Pretty....and unusual. A

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks and old pin scratches. Tied for
Condition Census #7. A+

Brown but cleaned and recolored long ago. Tiny obv. rim nick at 1:00. Ancient, faint pin
scratch from jaw to drapery. Some minor circ. marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 267. A
Brown with some orange from being cleaned and recolored. Smooth surfaces but there is
some green verdigris on rev. Old pin scratch behind the head. Some circ. marks and
hairlines. Cud forming over B. Ex1999 EAC Sale, Lot268. A

Brown but cleaned and recolored. Tiny nick left of L, Ancient pin scratch from rim at 3:30
to point of bust. Some circ. marks. Some verdigris under OF. Rim break over IBE. Ex-

1999 EAC Sale, Lot 269. A

Brown but expertly recolored. Smooth, glossy surfaces. Faint pin scratch on neck. Some
minor circ. marks. Tiny mint clip at 1:00. State B, with a rim cud over B. Tough variety.

Brown but cleaned and recolored long ago. The surfaces are basically smooth but are a
little dull with some roughness under CA. Some ancient, faint pin scratches on cheek.

Some green specks on rev. Rim cud over RTY. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 270. A-
Reddish-brown but cleaned and recolored. Smooth surfaces that are a little dull. Some tiny
obv. rim nicks. Some erosion at back of head above the hair ribbon. Ex-1999 EAC Sale,

1802

S-236

S-237

35+

Lot 271. A-

485 Medium brown obv. with a two-tone brown rev. Cleaned and recolored. Smooth, gloss
surfaces. Some circ. marks. Late die state with numerous rev. die cracks. Weak strike

thru STAT and correj

50+

3900

Brown with choice surfaces. Ancient, faint pin scratch on jaw. Some minor cure, m
Typical striking weakness at RTY, forehead, eye and leaves below ICA. Late die st
Tied for Condition Census #6. Removed from an NGC holder graded AU55. A++

1802

S-238

1000

Ex-Superior, 9-97, Lot 294.

1802

S-240

3500

brown with smooth surfaces. Some marks. Tied for CC#3.

1803

S-249

1000

1/100 over 1/000. Brown with smooth , glossy surfaces.. Tiny mark behind the head. Spot
of verdigris by the ear. Ancient, faint pin scratch from first T in STATES to M. A+

1803

S-249

200

1/100 over 1/000. Large low spot caused by grease on the die. On rev. Ex-Superior, 9-98,
Lot 1231.

1803

S-247

35+

1450

Reddish-brown with some areas of steel-brown toning. Cleaned and expertly recolored.
Smooth, glossy surfaces. Small obv. rim bruises at 11 ;30 and 8:30. Some minor circ.
marks. Removed from an ANACS holder graded AU50. Tough variety in higher grades.

Olive brown with smooth, glossy surfaces that are coated with wax. Some minor circ.

1803

S-251

2000

marks and hairlines. Old dig in O of OF. Some blunt striking and low spots under MERIC.

Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 292. A+

1803

S-253

885

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some planchet roughness by hair ribbons. Some minor circ.
marks. A+

1803

S-255

750

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces that are coated with lacquer. Small obv. rim bruise at

1:30. Several obv. circ. marks and scratches. Tiny rev. rim nick at 10:30. Some rev. circ.
marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale , Lot 295. A

1803

S-258

7250

Tan faded from mint color. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor handling marks. Late
die state with an arc crack from obv. rim at 9:00 to 1. Ex-Jerry Bobbe; R. E, Naftzger; 1989
EAC Sale, Lot 147. This piece is an “AU63", an AU coin with the color and look of a high
grade MS specimen. C

1803

S-259

200

Olive brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale,
Lot 300. C

1803

S-261

45+

4000

Tied for CC#6. Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU50. Ex-B & M, 3-5-98, Lot 193.

1803

S-262

500

Dark olive brown with even surface granularity. Faint pin scratch thru LIB. Old, light dent
at back of head. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 303. A

1804

S-266b

2000

Brown and smooth.

1804

S-266b

15+

1800

Brown with smooth surfaces. Light scrape on obv. rim at 10:00. Tiny rev. rim nick at 1:00.
Some circ. marks.. Old heavy scrape thru CE and leaves to left. Old heavy scrape from
bow, thru wreath, thru 1 to rim at 7:30. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 313. A-

1804

S-266a

2000

Porous.

1804

RESTRIKE

950

Brown with 15% faded mint red. Typical surfaces with reflective fields and heavy die rust.
Some old scratches by hair ribbons. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS 63 Red and
Brown. Struck in 1860 from discarded mint dies: Obv.-an altered 1803 S-261; Rev-1820
N12. A+

1805

S-268

30+

1350

Chocolate with glossy surfaces that are minutely granular. Some tiny, scattered circ. marks.
Tied for Condition Census #10. Scarce. Removed from a PCGS holder graded VF35. A

1805

S-268

650

Dark steel brown with light, even surface granularity. Ancient, faint pin scratch on cheek.
Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 317. A

1805

S-268

1250

Mottled tna and reddish-brown. Smooth surfaces. Several ancient, faint obv. pin scratches.
Some circ. marks. Some verdigris around MER. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 318. A

1805

S-269

35+

30+

1200

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny obv. rim mark at 12:00. Some minor circ. marks
and hairlines. Old pin scratch under TAT. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 321. A+

1806

S-270

25+

15+

600

Brown with smooth surfaces, but some verdigris on rev. Some circ. marks and hairlines.
Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 322. A

1806

S-270

20+

500

Dark olive brown. Even surface granularity. An obv. rim nick at 4:00 has been filed down.
Old scratch from top of 1 to hair at back of head. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 323. A

1806

S-270

30+

925

Chocolate with reasonably smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 8:00. Ancient, faint pin
scratch on cheek. Removed from a PCGholder graded VF35. A

1807

S-271

40+

1350

Comet. Steel-brown obv. with a brown rev. The obv. has been cleaned and recolored.

Smooth, glossy surfaces. A pit has been smoohted in front of the throat. Three vertical
scratches on shoulder over 80. Some brick red toning that is slightly rough behind lowest

37/6 S-273

$11

$12

812

813

1813

L 813

S-275

S-278

S-280

109 S280

ill/10 S-286
ill S-287

S-287

S-288

S-289

S-290

S-291

S-292

S292

mint

1900

Brown with smooth, glossy surlaces. rami nairnne t
Ex-Gordon Wrubel: Dorothy Paschal; Robbie Brown
Kuntz; Superior, 10-6-91, Lot 307. A+

25+

250

uruvur ^ears to be recolored. The surfaces have some areas o± roughness. lin
obv. rim nick at 2:30. Tiny obv. rim nick at 10:00. Some circ. marks. Moderate rev. rim

nick at 6:30. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 327. A_

4100

-, 1 ,-brown from being expertly recolored. Smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ.

marks. Struck from clashed dies. Tied for Condition Census #4. Noyes Photo #23393

Ex-Anderson Dupont; Stack’s, 9-1954, Lot 494; Imperial Coin Co. (Ben Stack); Mrs. Henry
Norweb; Bowers and Merena, 11-1988, Lot 2840; C. Douglas Smith. A

40+

2950

Brown with some darker toning around stars 8-9. bmootn, glossy suriat
the point of the bust. Some minor circ. marks. Removed from an NGC

AU55. A+ _ .

25/35 20

985

Dark chocolate with glossy surfaces that are evenly granular. Some circ. marks and
hairlines. A

1950

Brown with smooth, glossy surlaces. Some minor
VF30. A+

25/30

25/35 25

1650

35+

■

200

3500

875

Brown but cleaned and recolored. Smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marxs ana
hairlines. EDS. Ex- 1999 EAC Sale, lot 331. A
ELECTROTYPE. Some lead showing.

Dark and lightly porous. Ex-Superior, 9-22-98, Lot 1260.

Dark chocolate with even surface granularity. Some light pin scratches that have retoned

2950

Medium brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 6:30. Another

and 10:30. Tiny rev. rim nicks at 1:30 and 8:30. Tiny rev. rim bruise at 4.30. Son
circ. marks. Removed from a PCGS holder graded XF40. A+

2000 Ex-Heritage, 9-97, Lot 5178.

15 +

650

Large Date. Brown but possibly recolored long ago. Some minor circ. marks and hairlines.

sn feet of ME. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 335. A+

1350

Large Date. Brown with reasonably smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 11:00. tour
small nicks on left obv. field. Old scratch on nose and mouth. Some verdigris at stars 10-

,, . _ ■ _ i _ i rxf *7P*Tvti ori c rover the rev. Rev. rim nick at

3:00. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 336. A-

1225

)ate. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some circ. marks. In an NGC
XF40. A+

40+

2700

Large Date. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor

with flowlined surfaces. In an NGC holder graded A)50. A+

_ . *

30+

1200

> Date. Brown with smooth surlaces. Some minor

drawn to the rim, flowlines and rev. bolder than ot

25/30 20

650

Small Date. Dark steel-brown obv. with dark olive green rev. Glosssy surfaces that are
coated with lacquer. The surfaces are probably granular. Parts of obv. rubbed to orange.

Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 338. A

2 +

1700

2 +

30+

1925

Small Date. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Recolored long ago. A+

Small Date. Brown with smooth surfaces. Small obv. Rim bruise at 4:00. Small minor
circ. marks. A+

2 -

1425

minor

30/40 30

1300

Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Old, light scratch fro
A.-A.-ii’kfir r\f 'x Tim; otw nm hmiRP at 4‘30. Tmv rev. run

2250

Brown but cleaned and recolored. Smooth, glossy surfaces
hairlines. Ebt-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 339. A

2 -

2800

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some ancient, taint pm scraicnes on cneeK.
pin scratch from star 5 to dentils over star 6, that follows dentils to 11:30, then curves to

P retoned and takes a glass to see. Some minor -

1813

1814

S-292

S-293

S-294

2 -

2950

45+

4350

marks. In an NGC holder graded AU58. A

Brown with some lighter color around some devices. Smooth surfaces. Old, light nick on
cheek. Some minor circ. marks. Low spots, caused by grease on the die, over 13 and left c
stars 12-13. In an NGC holder graded AU58. A+

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Old, tiny dig in front of neck. Removed from a PCGS
holder graded AU 5 5. A++

25/35 25

950

35+

2350

4500

150

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Small rev. rim dent at 10:00. Tiny rev. rim bruise at
8:00. Late die state so top of head and UNI weak from strike. Very nice. A+

Chocolate with frosty surfaces that are slightly granular. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 340. A
Brown with choice surfaces. Flowlines. LDS, with striking weakness at top of head and al
UNI. In a PCGS holder graded AU58. C
1813 altered to 1815.

Crosslet 4. Brown with smooth surfaces. Some old, light pin scratches in front of face that

take a glass to see. A

1814

S-294

3000

Crosslet 4. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Slight planchet lamination on leaves undei
NI. C

3700

Crosslet 4. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Ex-Akers, John Jay Pittman Sale, 10-21
97, Lot 189. C

50+

3250

Crosslet 4. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some medium red toning around 181
and left of star 2. Some very minor circ. marks. A+

1814

S-294

750 Crosslet 4. Brown and smooth. Ex-Heritage, 4-99, Lot 5036.

1814

1816

S-294

S-295

$6100

60+

12.500

Crosslet 4. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some ancient, faint pin scratches on jaw
Ancient, faint pin scratch hidden in hair from back of head to hair behind the neck.
Removed from an NGC holder graded MS64 Brown. A++

Crosslet 4. Brown with faded mint red around the devices. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

Cartwheel. Old, faint scrape over the top back of head. Tiny tick on top of nose. Old,
diagonal nick over N in CENT. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS63 Red and
Brown. Very pretty!! A++

2650

Plain 4. Brown with smooth surfaces that are waxy. Tiny obv. rim nick at 1:00. Some
minor circ. marks. Tiny mint clip at 6:00. Faint planchet crack on face. Ex-1999 EAC
Sale. Lot 342. A+

35+

30+

1225

Plain 4. Brown with choice surfaces. Old, light scratch from between stars 2-3 to right of
eye. Another from in front of neck to star 4. Another from the first S in STATES to over E
in ONE. Another from D to over N in CENT. Removed from a PCGS holder graded XF40
A+

50+

4000

50+

4550

Plain 4. Brown with some peeps of faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny red
speck inside obv. dentil at 1:00. Ancient, short scratch over 14. Some minor planchet
flaws around NIT. Removed from an NGC holder graded AU58, Very pretty!! A++

Plain 4. Brown with some faded mint red around some devices. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

Two old, tiny digs on cheek. Another below ear. Another in front of neck. Some old,
parallel scratches on the point of the bust. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS62
Brown. A+

5400

Plain 4. Brown with some faded mint color around some devices. Choice surfaces. Some
minor circ. marks and hairlines. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS63 Brown. A+

50+

4500

7500

60+

525

Plain 4. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS62 Brown.

Plain 4. Medium brown with some faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Removed
from an NGC holder graded MS63 Brown. C

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Old nick under eye. Tiny rev. rim nick at 1:00.
Some minor handling marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 346. A+

Mottled brown and light brown. Some brown toning spots, mostly on rev. Some minor
circ. marks. Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU58. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 348.
A+

45+

575

40+

850

Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some areas of brown toning. Some minor circ.

marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 351. A+

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces that are coated with wax. Tiny dig on cheek. Ex-1999
EAC Sale, Lot 352. A+

1816

2900

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Tiny nick on lower throat. Very light
planchet split at obv. rim at 7:00 goes to rev. rim at 11:30, Condition Census #5, with one
of the four better pieces impounded in the ANS. This piece is much nicer than the two

817

N10

817

N10

817

N10

817

Nil

.817

N13

1 55 50

1 45 45

4 20 15+

1 40+ 40

1 45 45

1 45+ 45

1 55 40

1 45 45

1 coins in the September 1997 Superior Sale. C ______

750 Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces that are coated with lacquer. Tiny obv. rim nick at
10:30. Tiny rev. rim nicks at 7:30 and 9:00. Tiny rev. rim bruise at 10:00. Some minor

cire. marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 361. A+

450 Mottled brown and light brown. Choice surfaces. Some very 7 minor circ. marks. Ex-1999
EAC Sale, Lot 362. A++

225 Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 2:00. Some very minor circ. marks.
Minor planchet flaw on field in front of nose. Late die state. Nice. A+

375 Brown with some faded mint red here and there. Smooth, frosty surfaces. Tiny obv. rim

nick at 10:00. A bit bluntly struck on hairbuns and some leaves. A minor planchet flaw

goes from the shoulder to top of 2 nd 1 in date. A+

525 Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Long, faint ancient hairline in front of face. Ex-1999

EAC Sale, Lot 367. A+

585 Chocolate with some areas of medium brown. Choice, frosty surfaces. Short, ancient pm
scratch above star 1. Some very minor circ. marks. Late die state, with small rim cud at

star 3. C

250 Light brown with several old obv. pin scratches.

400 Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Some tiny rim nicks. Small green spot touches top of
inner bun. Some green specks around 18. A few specks on rev. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot

817

1817

1818

N14

N15

N16

650

370. A

Brown with considerable faded mint red, more so on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some
minor carbon spots, mostly on rev. Some minor handling marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot

374. A+

Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 3:00. Tiny rev. rim nick at
10:00. Some minor circ. marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 375. A+

1 +

40+

1000

15 STARS. Brown
this grade. A++

1 +

40+

1100

15Stars. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny mark on jaw. Some minor circ
Some ancient, faint hairlines on center of rev. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 377. A++

1 +

40+

1225

15STARS. Brown wit
with rim cud over AM

2 +

685 Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. A tough variety in better

grades. C

385

525

minor

Brown

1818

50+ 45

1650 Brown but expertly recolored. Choice, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Middle-
late die state. Tied for Condition Census #6. Ex-Clark Gilhousen; Superior, 10-1973, Lot

IS-Robbie Brown: Superior. 1-27-96, Lot 439. A+

ft _ .. —

1818

NN8

1818

40+

1818

N10

50+

1818

N10

685

375

marks. A+
Medium brown

mmor

550

350

685

CENT. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 384. A+

Chocolate with smooth surfaces. Old, light scratch from nose to throat. Some minor circ.
marks and hairlines. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 385. A+

Double struck. Ex-B & M, 3-96, Lot 477.

Brown with choice , lustrous surfaces. Ancient, faint pin scratch from right of eye to right
mouth Removed from an NGC holder graded MS63 Brown. C

585 Brown

MDS

400

675

Brown but cleaned and recolored. Smooth surfaces. Obv. rim nick at 5:30. Some minor
circ. marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 388. A

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Small spot below star 6. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 39i

A+

600

335

Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Old nick on neck below eye. Some mmor c:
marks. A+

Brown with 20% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Small obv. rim nick at 10:30. Sor
cpattprwl rirr marks Removed from an NGC holder graded M^S62 Red and Brown. A+

625 Brown with 10% mint red around the devices. Choice surfaces. Tiny nick under chin

1818

N10

63+

885

1819/8

600

1819

190

1819

50+

450

1819/8

50+

485

leek is virtually mark free, which is unusual for a Randall Hoard variety. No carbon
specks. C

60% mint red with choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Somewhat bluntly struck. The
cheek is as clean as I have seen on an N10. Some very minor carbon specks. Ex-B. Max
Mehl, Dr. Christian A. Allenburger Sale, 3-23-1948, Lot 730. Comes with the Allenburger

illbox. C

Tan with choice surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. C

Brown with medium brown at stars 7-8, AME and at bottom of rev. Smooth, glossy
surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 4:30. Tiny obv. rim nick at 9:00. Some minor circ.
marks. Old mark on leaves under AT. Die State IE, with rev. die polished to remove rust.
Ex-Dennis Mendelson; Superior, 2-3-91, Lot 269. A+

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some faint hairlines. Some minor circ. marks.. Small
spot between A and stem. State II. A+

Brown obv. with some reddish-brown toning on throat. Medium brown rev. with some
streaks of darker toning. Choice, frosty surfaces. A faint hairline between stars 8-9.
Another between stars 9-10. Some minor circ. marks. Die State I, with the 8 showing

1819

1200

Medium brown with considerable mint red. Some very minor circ. marks. Some blunt
striking on the upper left obv. Die State II. Ex-Superior, Robbie Brown, 1-27-96, Lot 446.
An N2 is a very common variety and available in high grades, but is usually found dark
chocolate with no mint red. An N2 with this much red is very scarce. The catalog states
that there is an obv. scratch. The scratch is actually a crack in the planchet. C

1819

35/40

165

Medium brown but cleaned and recolored. Smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks.

Ex1999 EAC Sale, Lot 397. A

1819

40/45

775

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Tied for Condition
Census #12. A tough variety in better grades. C

1819

40/45

550

Brown with some areas of tan. Smooth, frosty surfaces. Two old, short scratches between
stars 2-3. Some minor circ. marks. Old nick below N in ONE. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot

398. A+

1819

45/50

40+

3750

Brown with smooth surfaces. ?Ancient, faint pin scratch over the 9. Old scratch from nose
to curl in front of ear. A shorter one to right of mouth. Some minor circ. marks. Ex-1999
EAC Sale, Lot 399. A+

1819

625

Medium brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Late die
state. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS62 Brown. C

1819

50+

295

Chocolate with choice surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. A minor planchet crack right of
final S in STATES. Another thru ER in AMERICA. Struck thru a piece of wire at UNITE.
Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS62 Brown. A+

f 819

785

Medium brown with 10% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Two darker
toning lines on head. Tiny nick in front of nose. Some very minor circ. marks. Removed
from a PCGS holder graded MS64 Brown. A++

1819

1300

Brown with faded mint red. Choice surfaces that are a little dull. Some minor handling
marks. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS64 Red and Brown. Ex-1999 EAC Sale,
Lot 404. A+

1820

N10

55+

950

Brown with a tan area on left rev. Some glimmers of mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces.
Light mark below eye. Very pretty. Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU58. C

1820

N10

1150

Brown obv. with a medium brown rev. Some peeps of mint red on rev. Choice, lustrous
surfaces. Some tiny obv. carbon specks. Some green verdigris under final A in AMERICA.
Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 420. A++

1820

Nil

$ 1450

Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Tied for Condition
Census #6. A++

1820

N12

775

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some brick red toning on leaves under ICA. Some
minor circ. marks and hairlines. A+

1820

N12

775

Brown with 5% faded mint red on obv. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Tiny obv.
rim nick at 1:30. Old mark on field in front of mouth. Some handling marks. Some light
marks on ES. Diagonal carbon streak under N in CENT. Removed from a PCGS holder
graded MS63 Brown. A

1820

N13

1250

Brown with considerable mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. There is a stain between
stars 11-12. Some minor handling marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale , Lot 425. A+

1820

N14

25/35

475

Brown obv. surfaces are evenly granular, worse on lower obv. The rev. surfaces are

820

821

822

[822

1823

1824

1825

1826

1827

N15

2 +

635

1 +

180

25/30 15+

500

1823/2 N1

3500

100

reasonably smooth, except thru TE, down to wreath and to F A. Some old, shallow
on neck. Some minor circ. marks. A-

Brown with faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some tiny marks left of 1
minor carbon specks. There is planchet split on the obv. rim at 9:30 that goes thru

rev. A+

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Old, faint pin scratch Irom
stars 3“4 to field in front of forehead. Tiny mint clip at 7:30. A+

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some black deposit on face, some old, faint pin scratches
behind the head. Some circ. marks. Some old scratches around OF AM. Ex-1999 EAC

Sale, 436. A

Rev. is cleaned and recolored. Some surface roughness on rev.

Brown but recolored. Smooth surfaces. Some old, light scratches on obv. Dark spot on

leaf under E in STATES. Some old scratches around CEN. Ex-19999 EAC Sale, Lot 439.
A

RESTRIKE

1500

RESTRIKE ?

1900

RESTRIKE ?

2150

650

1824/2
1824/2

1824/5 N5

50
350

1750

Medium brown with faded mint red, mostly on rev. Choice, prooflike surfaces. A couple ot
tiny carbon specks. Same die state as preceding. Struck on a thin planchet. Weight. 129 A

grains. C

Medium brown with faded mint red, mostly on rev. Choice, prooflike surtaces. Defect
free. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS63 Red and Brown. Weight: 161.1 grams

Faded mint red on obv. with a brown, with some mint red, rev. Choice, prooflike surfaces
Tiny carbon spot under iaw. Another right of star 3. Very nice. Weight. 175 .3 grains. C

Reddish-brown from being expertly recolored. Smooth, glossy surtaces. Tiny obv. rim nick
at 11:00. Tiny mint clip at 7:00. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 444. A+

Counter stamped O.D.

Some white deposit in lowest hair.

Chocolate with glossy surfaces that are slightly granular. Tiny obv. rim nick at 5.00. Small
ilanchet flaw on jaw. Tied for Conditio n Census #10. A

1600

50+

15+

120

575

2 -

45+

700

Brown with smooth surfaces. 1 my obv. rim mcx
Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU55. A

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Ancient pir
back of neck. Some minor circ. marks. A

Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 10:00, Old, dull scratch on neck. A
Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny mark on cheek. Some old marks between stars 1

2 and by star 10. Some minor circ. marks. Some old marks between F and A, below AM.

Good eye appeal .A

Brown with smooth, frosty surtaces. Some specks ot black toning. Some minor circ.
marks. A+

1
2 +

8
55

50
6
50

1125 Medium brown with choice, frosty surtaces. Some very minor

100 Obv. die misaligned 5%

$ 1225

1826/5 N8

7350

Medium brown with choice, frosty surtaces. Some peeps ot laded mint red on rev. aon
very minor circ. marks. Some brick red toning above E in ONE. Removed from a PCGi

holder graded AU58. A++

Light brown with choice, lustrous surtaces. Cartwheel. A tiny nick under star 2. MDS

with the 5 showing plainly under the 6. Tied for Condition Census $10. A beautiful
r«,tm rnmpc wh n 1 V4" V 9 7/8" envelope marked “Andrews 8, Uncirculated, $20:

Brown

1826

3 45

1 Cl VT . lAUliVi ^ “*»***»- w '

1050 Brown with smooth surfaces.

Some very minor circ. marks. In an NGC holder graded

_AU55. A++_

_ . * -t 11*1'_ A |

2 +

50+

1450

2200

Brown _

Brown with some peeps of faded mint red. Choice, frosty surfaces. Some very minor circ.
marks and hairlines. There is a tiny mint clip at star 5 that affects the dentils on both sides

Tied for Condition Census #7. A++

Brown with traces of faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. liny nick under star 1.
Some ancient, faint hairlines right of star 4. Some very minor circ. marks. Ex-Virgil

Brand; New Netherlands, 9-26-1953, Lot 863, @$16.50; John Jay Pittman; Akers, 10-21-
97, Lot 212. A++

1827 Nil 1 40 40 415 Chocolate with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny nick on the chin. Some very minor circ.

marks. Late die state. Comes with a Grellman Attribution and Grading Card as XF40. Ex-
Jack Robinson; March Wells; Wayne Anderson. C

*27 Nil 1 55 50+ 875 Medium brown faded from mint color. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor circ. marks.

Very pretty! A+^

1828

50+

625

1450

Mottled medium brown and brown. Choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny rev. rim nick at 1OO.
Some old, minor marks on field in front of face. Middle die state. The obv. die rust is well
advanced. Ex-Superior, 5-31 -92, Lot 558. A++

Medium brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ. marks and hairlines.
Removed from an NGC holder graded AU58. A+

1828

N10

300

SMALL DATE. Chocolate with smooth surfaces that are a little dirty. A+

1828

N10

45+

725

SMALL DATE. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny mark on neck below ear. Tiny
ding on serif of E in AMERICA. Some old marks at O in ONE. A+

1829

40+

800

Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. A small area of brick
red toning at leaves under the first A in AMERICA. A+

1829

475

Two-tone brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marks on both sides. E-
MDS. A+

1829

675

Medium brown faded from mint color. Some areas of brown toning. Choice, frosty
surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Some brick red toning left of star 12. A++

1829

925

Medium brown faded from mint color. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor circ. marks.
Some minor rim disturbances, mostly on rev. Ex-Coin Galleries, 2-24-84, Lot 1365. A+

1829

900

SMALL LETTERS. Brown with choice surfaces. Somewhat bluntly struck. C

1829

1600

SMALL LETTERS. Brown and dark brown but recolored. Smooth surfaces that are dull.
Tied for Condition Census #14. Well struck. A

1829

2100

SMALL LETTERS. Brown but appears to have been cleaned long ago. Choice surfaces.
Blunt strike. Tied for Condition Census #7. A

1829

40+

1000

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Faint scratch under stars 6-7. Some minor marks on
neck. Tiny nick over E in ONE. Small spot over ON. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 470. A++

1829

25+

1225

SMALL LETTERS. Brown with choice, frosty' surfaces. Slightly blunt strike. There are
some ancient, faint pin scratches on the face that take a 10X glass to see. There is a low
spot at the first A in AMERICA caused by grease on the die. Late die state. Tied for
Condition Census #14. Ex-1984 EAC Sale, Lot 264; Dick Punchard; Wes Rasmussen;
Dennis Mendelson. A+

1829

3000

Small Letters. Brown with traces of golden brown. Smooth surfaces. Somewhat bluntly
struck. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 472. A++

1830

45+

350

Chocolate with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nicks at 1:00 and 9:00. Some light,
old marks right of star 1. Tiny rev. rim nick at 7:30. Some dull red toning on wreath under
ER. Typical blunt strike so common for N1. A+

1830

50+

550

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Tiny rev. rim nick at 9:30.
A++

Chocolate with areas of brown. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Old,
light scratch over D. Faint pin scratch on neck under ear. A++

1830

700

1830

60+

1800

Brown with 5% faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Very bluntly struck, as so many
Nls are. Late die state. Come with a Grellman Attribution and Grading Card as MS60+.
Ex-Loye Lauder; William Doyle Galleries, 12-15-83, Lot 414; R. E. Naftzger; 1990 EAC ;
Sale, Lot 157; Tom Reynolds; Wayne Anderson. C+

1830

235

Medium brown with choice surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Typical blunt strike.

Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some brick red toning around the date. Some
minor circ. marks. Ex-1984 EAC Sale, Lot 269; Wes Rasmussen; Robbie Brown, Superior,
1-27-96, Lot 556; CVM; Bob Travis. A+

1830

50+

45+

775

1830

1800

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some brick red toning around the date. Some very
minor circ. marks. Old nick on leaf under OF. Condition Census #8. A+

1830

500

Small letters. Brown and smooth.

1830

N10

435

Olive brown but cleaned and recolored. Smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. A+

1831

[831

1833

N10

NIO

Nil

N12

1830

N10

1225

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Early die state. Tied for Condition

Census #8. Ex-1985 EAC Sale, Lot 449; CVM; Dennis Mendelson. A+_j

1831

45+

450

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Old, dull scratch from star 10 to star 11. Some tamt

hairlines on cheek. A+

1831

450

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Old nick right of eye. Another on jaw. Some minor

circ. marks and hairlines. A________

1831

850

Medium brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny dig by star 12. Light mark under eye.

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Virtually perfect. C

1831

1200

1831

1450

Mf-Hium brown faded from mint color. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Just cabinet
friction from MS. Removed from an ANACS holder graded MS64 Brown. C+

1831

2250

Ex-1989 EAC Sale, Lot 322.___1

1831

400

Small Letters. Brown but recolored long ago. Smooth surfaces. Old scratch below star 10.
Old pin scratch from bottom of ear to point of bust. Some circ. marks. Ex-1999 EAC Sale,

Lot 483. A .

1831

10+

165

SMALL LETTERS Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor cue, marks. Tmv obv. ran

nick at 9:00. A+

SMALL LETTERS. Brown with smooth surfaces

50+

275

50+

535

L brown obv. with a tan rev. Choice, lustrous suriaces.
low spot, caused by grease on the die, wipes out CE. A++

Brown with smooth surfaces. A small obv. rim nick or planchet flaw at 9:00. Tmv rev. nr
bruise at 9:00, Some minor circ. marks. Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU50. A
Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tmv obv. rim nick at 1:00. Old, light vertical mark
on field in front of mouth. Some minor circ. marks. A+

55+

675

1400

Iw- r

365

725

60+

1975

45+

550

4000

Medium brown with choice, lustrous surtaces. some peeps oi mini reu. aumc vay mmui
circ. marks. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS63 Brown. C

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny nick on chin. A faint hairline scratch midway
between the point of bust and star 1. Ex-Superior, Robbie Brown, 1-27-96, Lot 574. Tied

for Condition Census #6. Ve ry choice. C _

uiuwii vriLn nicks by nose. Some very minor circ. marks

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some old, minor marks along dentils betwi
3. Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU50. C

Brown with bluish overtones. 10% mint red around some devices. Choice, lustrous
surfaces. Cartwheel. Some very minor handling marks. Late die state, with rim crumblinj
at star 9. Condition Census #3. Ex-New r England Rare Coin Galleries, Denis Loring, R.E.
Naftzger; 1989 EAC Sale, Lot 332; Robbie Brown; Superior, 1-27-96, Lot 577; Gary
Ruttenberg; M & G, 8-17-96, Lot 370; CVM; Dennis Mendelson. A++ __

Medium olive brown with an area of brown on the rev. Smooth, glossy surfaces. Some
minor circ. marks. Three light pin scratches around star 1. A+

Medium brown with 15% faded mint red on obv. and 25% on rev. Choice, lustrous
surfaces. Some very minor handling marks. Early die state. Condition Census #4. From

mv personal collection. C

55+

1225

Medium brown obv. with some areas of brown toning. The rev. is mottled medium brow
and brown. Choice, frosty surfaces. Some ancient, faint pin scratches left of stars 12-13
Ex-Bob Shalowitz; Dennis Mendelson; Superior, 2-1991, Lot 439; Robbie Brown; Super
1-27-96, Lot 579; Tom Reynolds; Bob Travis. The verdigris mentioned in the RSBII

catalog was lacquer, which I easily removed. A++

35+

400

1200

190

1 +

30+

25+

105

1 +

875

Blunt strike. Recolored. Ex-M & G, 1-93, Lot 204.

Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS63 Red and Brown.

Brown with frost around the devices. Choice surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. DOUBLE
PROFILE, Slight doubling on forehead, nose, lips and chin. A++

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Ancient, faint pin scratch from star
4 to chin and from point of coronet to under star 8. A+

Brown with some faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Faint hairline from star 4 to
nose, Tinv obv. rim nick at 12:30. Ex-Sta ck^s, 12-199 3, Lot 117 * r

surfaces. Cartwheel. Tin 1

Chocolate with some mint red around devices. Choice, lu:

1833/2 N4

1834

45+

$2700

1833/2

5500

1833

585

1833

275

1833

2300

45+

315

600

Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Recent research
by Bill Noyes shows that better grade N4s are much mor elusive than originally thought.
Ex-Henry Hines; Thomas Gaskill; New Netherlands Coin Co. #50, 12- 1957, Lot 1542;
E.M. Seneca; Garry Fitzgerald; C. Douglas Smith, Del Bland; Bob Vail. An important
pedigree!? C

Brown with some faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Very early die state. C
Light brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some peeps of mint red. mostly on rev.
Cartwheel. Some very minor circ. marks. Tiny nick off the tip of the nose. Removed from
a PCGS holder graded MS60 Brown, A++

Brown with some faded mint color from being cleaned and recolored.. Smooth, glossy
surfaces. Obv. rim nick at 3:30. Some minor circ. marks. Blunt strike on hair buns, stars
8-13, upper leaves and STATES OF. Rev. rotated 120 degrees clockwise. Exl999 EAC
Sale. Lot 499. A _____

Medium brown with 15% mint red on obv. and 35% on the rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces.
Short, light scratch left of star 13. C+ _

SD/LS/SL. Medium brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Small obv. rim nick at 10:30.
Old, dull scratch from star 2 toward mouth. Some nicks on jaw, throat and point of bust.
Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 500. A+

SD/LS/SL. Medium brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Tiny dig between stars 7-8.

Some minor circ. marks, hi a PCGS holder graded AU55. A+

SD/LS/SL. Two-tone brown and light brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor
circ. marks. C

1834

5 5

625

SD/LS/SL. Medium brown faded from mint color. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some very
minor circ. marks. Tiny rev. rim nick at 3:30. C

1834

2900

LD/SS/SL. Medium brown with 20% mint red on obv. and 40% on the rev. Choice,
lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Some minor handling marks. Ex-MTB; Del Bland; R. E.
Naftzger; 1990 EAC Sale, Lot 191; Evan Kopald. C

1834

35+

190

LD/SS/SL. Brown with smooth surfaces. Old nick over 18. Some minor circ. marks. A+

1834

50+

500

LD/SS/SL. Milk chocolate with choice surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Ancient,

•*

faint pin scratch from top of head to under star 9. A+

1834

975

LD/LS/SL. Brown with smooth surfaces. Some old, fairly heavy scratches on jaw, neck
arid hair at back of neck. A few more at T in CENT and leaves below. A-

1834

5000

Ex-Superior, Nicholas, Lot 580.

1835

45+

1900

SD/SS/SL. Brown with some splashes of reddish-brown toning on the obv. Choice, frosty
surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. A small flake out of the planchet (as minted) under the
18. Middle die state. Tied for Condition Census #5. A+

1835

45+

2800

SD/SS/SL. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny mark over the right upright of N in
CENT. Old, light scratch thru RIC. Early die state. Tied for Condition Census #5. A++

1835

250

10% off-center toward 9:00.

1835

8/10

425

SD/SS/SL. Brown with smooth surfaces. Some circ. marks. Old pin scratch from star 2 to

1835

575

tip of nose. A

SD/SS/SL. Brown with choice, frostv 7 surfaces. Bluntly struck on the head, stars and part
of the wreath. Virtually perfect. Short, tiny scratch above C in CENT. C

1835

N7.17

#■

50+

285

Head of 1836. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Faint pin
scratch from under chin to point of bust. This is N17. A++

1835

N7,17

60+

775

Head of 1836. Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. DOUBLE PROFILE. Strong
doubling from forehead to chin. This is N17. C

1835

400

Head of 1836. Tan with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny nick on hair under L. Struck thru a
curved piece of wire from star 2, across point of bust to rim at 6:00. A++

1835

N10

215

SD/SS/SL. Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Rev. rim bruises at

6:00 and 10:30. A

1835

N10

325

SD/SS/SL. Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny dig over the 3. Some tiny nicks scattered

over much of the rev. MDS. Ex-Horace Grant; Willard Blaisdell; R.E. Naftzger; Bob Vail;
Superior, 9-7-97, Lot 539; CVM; Dennis Mendelson. A

1835

N10

15+

12+

725

SD/SS/SL. Brown with slightly grainy surfaces. An old, small mark under star 8. Some
minor circ. marks. Tied for Condition Census #12. Ex-Bob Matthews; Superio, 5-28-89,

Lot 765. A _

1835

N14

50+

335

Head of 1836. Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny nick on jaw. Some minor

835

1835

1836

1837

N14

I | ^

N15 l A

N15 Vi

N15

Ni5 %

N16

2 +

55+

50+

410

ncau ui ioju. uuMT. choice, lustrous surfaces. Three tiny obv. rim nick

2:00. Tiny obv. rim nick at 11:00. Some minor red toning specks. Late die state. Ex-
Akers, John Jay Pittman, 10-21-97, Lot 223. A+

30+

190

275

410

215

Head of 1836. Brown with smooth, frosty surtaces. liny obv. nm oruise ai j.uu.

DOUBLE PROFILE. A+ .

Head of 1836. Broun with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. DOUBLE

PROFILE. Doubling on forehead, lips and chin. A+

Head of 1836. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Ancient, faint pin scratch over stars 6-7
Some marks on jaw. Old mark over ON. Planchet flaw at top of C in CENT. DOUBLE

PROFILE. A+ o

Head of 1836 Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Recolored long ago. Some minor arc.

marks Ex-Thomas Elder, 2-1926, Lot 1328; Henry Hines; Chris Peterson; Hollinbeck Con

Co.; Art Kagin; Kagrn’s, 2-1-86, Lot 5531; Dennis Mendelson; Superior, 2-3-91, Lot 499;

Walt Dudgeon; M & G, 7-30-94, Lot 136. Bob Clark. A

, Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel
marks. DOUBLE PROFILE, with strong doubling on the forehej

13. Ex-M & G, 1-7-95, Lot 529. C _

of 1 «3<5 Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 11:00.

Some ve:

1 +

60+

50+

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces
star 4. LDS. A++

725 Brown with faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor
ilanchet flaw or scratch on jaw. Terminal

265 Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. A small black spot right of star 1. A small red speck
touches the right top of E in AMERICA. Comes with an old 2 7/8" x 1 3/4" envelope wit]
a price of $ 1.50. Late die state, with rim cud over star 6. A+

725

2700

3 -

515

6 +

735

485

Broun with choice, lustrous surfaces. Much cartwheel. Tiny nick right ot eye. Late die
state with an obv. rim cud at 11:00. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS64 Brown

Brown with 20% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Small spot right ot st;

6. Another in front oi ey e. LDS, with obv. cud over star 6. C

Brown but probably recolored long ago. Choice surtaces. borne minor nananng maiKb
Ex-Stack’s, 5-2-1968, Lot 340. A+

Medium brown with smooth surfaces. Some scattered circ. marks. PERFECT OBVERSE

WITH NO RIM CUD AT 1:0Q. A+

PERFECT OBVERSE WITH NO RIM CUD AT I :Q0. Brown with even granularity. Old

1836

600

Gorgeous milk chocolate with choice, frosty surfaces. Tinv obv. rim nick at 4:00. Tiny
mark on eyebrow. Very choice. C___ _ _

1836

2000

In an NGC holder graded MS66 Brown. Ex-Superior, 2-9-99, Lot 2267. ^

1837

1250

PHC/LL. Brown with 10% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. C

,J V/ -r-f #

1837

64+

2200

PH r /Ll MHhim brown faded from mint color. Choice, lustrous surtaces. A blast ot
cartwheel Old short scratch by star 1 has completely retoned. Some very minor handling
marks. Tiny rev. rim nick at 7:00. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS65 Brown. !

PHC/LL. Medium brown with s
Small spot between S and O A+

1800

45+

4000

215

625

7 _

425

PHC/LL. Brown with faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor
PHC/LL. Faded mint red with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny nick by mouth. Ex-Superior
Century Sale, 2-2-92, Lot 1218. Very, very choice! C

PHC/LL. Ex-Superior, Nicholas, 2-2-92, Lot 593.

PHC/SL. Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 7:30. Anci
faint pin scratch from cheek right ol mouth to chin. A+

PHC/SL. Medium brown with some mint red, mostly on rev. Choice, lustrous surtaces.
Just light friction from full MS. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS63 Brown.. <
PHC/LL. Olive brown with some darker olive on rev. Choice, trosty surtaces. Old, tail

imHpr on Ex-Stack’s. Flovd Starr II, 12-4-84. Lot 1750; Superior, Jack Robins*

1837

183

1837

1838

N10

NIO

Nil

N12

N13

N16

1-30-89, Lot 1121. A+

PHC/T J,, Removed from an NGC

aded MS64 Brown, This is N7,

400

2 +

O-L

■

^ i

2 +

2950

PHC/LL. Brown with smooth, lustrous surfaces. Some minor handling marks. Late die
state. Ex-M & G, Rutte nberg, 8-17-96, Lot 40 4. A++

i traces of mint

cartwheel. Virtually perfect. Ex-Stack’s, Anderson Dupont, 9-1954, Lot 73; Doroth
Nelson; Stack’s, 2-1976, Lot 125; Paramount, 7-1986, Lot 1526; Dennis Mendelson;

Superior, 2-3-91, Lot 900. C+

$ 485

BliC/SL. Brown with blue-green overtones. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel, liny
obv. rim nick at 1:00. Some very minor circ. marks. Removed from an NGC holder grade

MS63 Brown. C

725

BHC/SL. Accessory E. Brown
Tiny nick on jaw. C

40+

180 PHC/LL. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Light, curved mark under stars 7-8. Some

minor

400

525

PHC/LL. Brown with choice, frosty' surfaces. Tiny nick on jaw r . Late die state with mushy
strike at date and stars. Flowlines. C

PHC/LL. Medium brown faded from mint color. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Removed from

1837

N13

600 PHC/LL. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Old, short scratch under final A in
AMERICA. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS63 Brown. C

1837

N13

3650 PHO/T.T,. Tan with tinges of blue/preen tonine. mostly on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

A blast of cartwheel. Ex-Joe Flynn, 1964; Bert Cohen; R.E. Naftzger; 1990 EAC Sale, 5-
1990, Lot 232. C+

2500

1000

1950

PHC/LL: Ex-Superior^ Mendelson* 2-3-91* Lot 533:

PHC/LL. LDS. R emoved from a PCGS holder graded MS65 Brown.

brown with 35% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel
:s. Ex-Stack’s, Anderson Dupont, 9-1954, Lot 779; Stack’s, Oecl
9-1988, Lot 152; Dennis Mendelson; Superior, 2-1991, Lot 537. A+4

Brown with 5% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny mark on upper cheek. Short,

1838

1 65

2450 85% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Much cartwheel. Old, short scratch in front of

_mouth. Otherwise perfect. Ex-Masters, 1971, Lot 255. C+_

500 Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny obv. rim mark at 7:00. Tiny obv. rim nick at
_ 10:00. Removed from an NGC- holder graded MS62- Brown. C _

675 Light olive brown with blue/green overtones. Faded mint red around devices. Choice,
lustrous surfaces. Some minor handling marks. Some old ,dull scratches around ONE
CENT. Ex-CVM; Superior, 2-91, Lot 908; Supenor, 10-91, Lot 1029; Superior, Tom
Morley, 5-31-92, Lot 359. A+

825 Brown with some peeps of mint red on obv. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Removed from a

1838

2000

Brown with 50% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Removed from a PCGS holder
graded MS64 Red and Brown.

1838

425

Medium brown with choice, frosty' surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. RIDS, with bisecting
crack: Removed from an NGC holder graded MS61 Brown, A++

1838

62+

725

Brown with some mint red around the devices, mostly on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces.
Tiny nick right of star 3. Another below star 7. C

1838

1450

Faded mint red with choice, lustrous surfaces. Light mark over the 3. Some minor marks
between stars 4-5. Some very minor handling marks. Die State II. Ex-Stack;s, Milton

Holmes, 10-1960. C

1838

2000

Brown with 50% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Ex=MkhAmerican, 5=22-87, Lot 730.

1838

1600

Brown with peeps of mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Some very minor
handling marks. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS65 Brown. Ex-Robbie Brown;

Superior, 1-27-96, Lot 652. C

1838

$ 145

Brown with choice surfaces. Some ancient hairlines, mostly on obv. Minor planchet flaw

MDS

1838

N10

1838

N16

1839

1840/39 N4

325

Brown with some darker brown toning above star 7, around star 12 and at throat. Choice,
frostv surfaces. E-MDS, with crack from between ME. Removed from an NGC holder

1838

N10

550

700

I f J ,4 I. V M. L J V J 1 1 J J. ¥ T JL iL ■« a A- _

Brown with peeps of mint red around some devices. Choice, lustrous surlaces. Tiny
planchet flake on field in front of nose. Some handling marks on curl in front of ear. Same

die state as preceding. A+

Ex-Superior, Nicholas, Lot 611.

1838

N10

63+

1600

Rrnwn with 20% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Ancient, faint pin
scratch between stars 3-4, Tiny nick on hair strand above ear. Some very minor marks on
rev. rim that take a glass to see. MDS, with heavy cracks to M. Comes with a Grellman
Attribution and Grading card as sharpness MS63+, net MS62+ Ex-Lester Bernstein,

Stack’s, 4-1986, Lot 103; Tom Chalkier, Superior, 1-1990, Lot 831; Tom Morley; Supenor,

5-31-92, Lot 362; Tom Reynolds; Wayne Anderson. C

1838

N12

2000

In an NGC holder graded MS66 Brown.

1838

N16

1200

Brown but recolored. Smooth surfaces but there are some small planchet flaws, mostly on
obv. Some minor circ. marks. Fresh pin scratch from rev. rim at 6:30 to wreath ribbon.

Typical weak strike thru stars and date. Tied for Condition Census #14. A

_ _ jf

45+

4500

20 +

2000

3500

7500

Medium brown with smooth, frosty surlaces. 1 my nick on jaw ana in ironi oi mourn.
Some minor circ. marks. Removed from a PCGS holder graded AU50. CC#5. Ex-1999

EAC , Lot 528. A++

Dark brown with even surface granularity. State m, with a bisecting obv. die crack. A
Head of 1838. Brown with mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. LDS. Removed from a
PCGS holder graded MS65 Red and Brown. Ex-Heritage, 11-12-93, Lot 3 C
Booby Head. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Removed from an NGC holder as

MS66 brown-marked as a Silly Head. C

550 Head of 1840. Brown with choice, lustrous surtaces. Some dark toning (not corrosion; oi
leaves under UN to wreath ribbon. There are two small depressions in the dentils by star

13 caused by something

1839

900

1839

N10

650

1839

N10

40+

235

1839

N12

4/8

300

1839

N13

_20

1839

N13

58+

800

1839

N14

1950

1840

825

1840

1550

1840

1800

1840

1950

Head of 1840. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some dark toning on leaves under
UN to wreath ribbon. There are two small depressions in the dentils by star 13 caused by
something coming between the planchet and the die. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 530. A+
Booby Head. Removed from an NGC holder graded AU58. Ex-Heritage, 1-98, Lot 16.
Booby Head. Medium brown with smooth surfaces. Mall planchet flaw by star 11. Another
below star 12. Old, solid nick hidden in hair. Another above the head. Some circ. marks.

Booby Head. Medium brown obv. with a two-tone rev. Smooth surtaces. Some minor circ.
marks. LDS, with die crack from star 4 to nose. Another crack comes from back of head.

A+

Booby Head. Counterstamped E. Tyler Jr._____

Booby Head. Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. A+

Booby Head. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Faint
hairline over star 1. So sharp you can see engraver scratches on the face. Tied for
Condition Census #9. A beauty!! C

Small Date. Brown with some mint red around the devices. Choice, lustrous surfaces. M-
LDS. Tied for Condition Census #9. Comes with a Grellman Attribution and Grading card

asAU58. C

Small Date. Medium brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny dig on field at tip of nose.
Some tiny planchet defects left of star 10. E-MDS. Removed from an NGC holder graded
MS64 Brown. Tied for Condition Census #4. C

Small Date. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS64 Brown. Ex-B & M, 11-13-98,
Lot 1171.

Small Date. Brown with 5% mint red on obv. and 10% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

Cartwheel. Tiny spot at top of head. Another by star 10. Faint pin scratch on cheek. E-
MDS. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS64 Brown. Tied for Condition Census ?

45+

$ 425

Small Date. Brown with some red-brown toning specks. Choice surfaces. Ancient, faint
iin crrstrh rm iaw Some minor circ. marks. E-MDS, with 4 obv. rim breaks. Removed

from an NGC holder graded AU58. A++

1840/39 N4 3- 60+ 60 975 Small Date. Medium brown with 10% faded mint red. Some darker toning at stars 2 and

4. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Bluntly struck on point of coronet, top of head, hairbuns,
lowest curls and some leaves. Tied for Condition Census #5. C _

1840

1700

T arge Date Faded mint red with 30% red on obv. and 50% on rev. Choice, lustrous
surfaces Light mark below U. Another above wreath ribbon. MDS. Tied for condition

Census #2. C

1840

3400

Large Date. 50% mint red on obv. and rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. There is a hint of a 1
fingerprint on the right obv. field. The obv. rim breaks shown in Grellman at stars 9 and 13

are not present but there is a tiny rim cud right of star 7 and another at star 10. Tied tor

Condition Census # 1. C ___

1840

55+

385

Large Date. Brown with some peeps of mint red. Smooth, lustrous surfaces. Some minor
circ. marks. Tiny planchet lamination in rev. dentils at 12:00. Removed from an NGC
holder graded MS63 Brown. A+

1840

50+

525

Large Date. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. A brick re
stain around E in STATES. MDS, with a light die crack from below r star 4 to the nose.

A++___ _

1841

5400

PROOF ONLY VARIETY. Chocolate with some rose and blue toning. Chemically cleaned
and recolored long, long ago. Heavy mirror surfaces. A_

1842

50+

750

Small Date. Medium brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks.
Tiny spot on jaw. Another on leaf under A in STATES. M-LDS. Tied for Condition
Census #5. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS62 Brown. C

1842

585

Small Date. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks and
hairlines. LDS, with rim cuds at star 1. l ied for Condition Census #11. C_

1842

2400

Small Date. Brown with 20% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Old, tiny
nick on point of bust. Some minor, scattered carbon specks. In a PCGS holder graded
MS64 Red an Brown. Tied for Condition Census #4. Ex-John Jay Pittman; Akers, 10-21 -
97, Lot 238. A+

1842

N6,10

250

Large Date. Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some tiny circ. marks. Tiny carbon
specks on neck. E-MDS. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 552. A++

1842

N6,10

1600

Large Date. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS65 Red and Brown. Ex-Heritage, 8-
98, Lot 5876. ThisisNIO.

1842

800

Large Date. Brown with faded mint red, mostly on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some
old, light marks under stars 6-7. Some minor handling marks. MDS. Ex1999 EAC Sale,
Lot 555. A+

1843

N4,13

425

Obv. of 1842; Rev. of 1844; Large Letters. Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny obv.
rim bruises at 2:30 and 7:00. This is N4. A++

1843

N4,13

350

Obv. of 1842; rev. of 1844; Large Letters. Removed from an NGC holder graded AU55.
Ex-B & M, 11-13-98, Lot 1179. This is N$.

1843

725

mature Head. Brown with blue/green tones. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny mark by nose.
M-LDS, with tiny obv. rim cud at 10:30. Mature Heads are very elusive in better grades.
Tied for Condition Census #9. Removed from an NGC holder graded AU58. C

1843

$2600

Mature Head. Brown with 20% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Some
minor, scattered carbon specks. Condition Census #4. Ex-John Jay Pittman; Akers, 10-21-
97, Lot 240. A+

1843

N12

60+

2400

Obv. and rev. of 1842. Brown with blue-green and rose toning. Choice, proof-like
surfaces. Some very minor handling marks. Ex-B. Max Mehl, Frederick Geiss Sale, 2-18-
1947, Lot 224; John Jay Pittman; Akers, 10-21-97, Lot 241. This coin was sold by Mehl as
a proof in the Geiss Sale. I am not convinced that it isn’t a proof. If not a proof, it is a very
early business strike. A+

1843

N12

1100

Obv. and rev. of 1842. Brown with bluish tones. 10% mint red on obv. and 25% on rev.
Two old marks on cheek. MDS, with rimbreak over U. Ex-EAC Sale, Lot 560. A+

1843

N12

62+

1450

Obv. and rev. of 1842. Brown with 5% mint red on obv. and 10% on rev. Choice, lustrous
surfaces. Some very minor handling marks. EDS. Tied for Condition Census #7. C

1843

(N15)

50+

485

Obv. and rev. of 1842. Medium brown faded from mint color. Smooth, frosty surfaces.

Tiny nick on jaw. Another on shoulder. Some brick red verdigris between two dentils by
star 6. Some minor circ. marks. A+

1844

62+

850

Brown with 5% mint red. Choice, frosty surfaces. Two tiny digs right of E in ONE. LDS.

Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS63 Brown. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 654. C

845

845
1846

1846

1847

1847
1 847

847

1847

Nil

(N25)

N20

N10

N20

N22

(N41)

1848

N18

N17

N21

1848

N21

1848

N23

1848

N25

55+

285

40+

145

45+

225

Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny mark on lower throat mck on nose
M-LDS. C

Medium brown with choice surfaces. Tiny rev. rim bruise at 7:00. Some minor circ.

marks. Bluntly struck. A+ . , c mnocA r

Brown with smooth surfaces. Tiny nick on throat. Some minor circ. marks. Ex-1999 EAC

Sale, Lot 568. A+ _

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. EDS. Tied for Condition

Census #8. A+

45+

750

160

155

E-MDS. Tied tor CC#3. . , „ , nt

Small Date. Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Somewhat

bluntly struck on point of coronet. M-LDS. A+

Small Date Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Some circ. marks. Some hard y
noticeable s tainin g on left and right obv. fields. EDS, with a large unlisted low spot above

striking on v

Small Date. Brown with
Tied for Condition Census #7. C

50+

60+

335

Small Date. Brown with choice, Irosty sunaces. some vciy mmui --.™

striking at back of head. MDS. Removed from an NGC holder graded AU58. Very nice.

A+

Small Date Brown with traces of mint red on obv. and 10% on rev. Choice, lustrou s
surfaces. Two tiny obv. carbon spots. Very bluntly struck on stars, point of coronet, top ol
i_ j hnirhono imupct mrk anH most leaves. E-MDS. A neat piece! A+___

6 -

tan ivaiv. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny rev, rim nick at 6:30. E-MDS. Mo
of the other VG piece are heavily netted coins so this is an exceptionally nice piece. Tied

for Condition Census #3. C

50+

Brown wim peeps ui nm» ™ on obv. and 5% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Snu
spot between stars 7-8. Tiny nick on nose. Old, dull, curved scratch on pomt of bust.

Some circ. marks. LDS. A+

35+

785

Brown with 10% tadea mini rea on oov.

Some very' minor rev. rim nicks. E-MDS

Brown. C -

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some brick red toning by mouth. Some minor circ, marks.

MDS. A+

Red and brown. In a PCGS holder graded MS65 Red and Brown.

Counterstamped D. A. Burlingham. _

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some brick red toning around star 6. Light mark right
of star 3. Tiny carbon spot at top of CE in CENT. Some minor circ. marks. E-MDS+

A++

Brown with 10% mint red on obv. and 5% on rev. Choice, frosty surfaces that need a
brushing Some minor handling marks. Old scratch from crossbar of 4 to dentil at 5.30.
Another from shoulder to 7. E-MDS. Tied for Condition Census #5. In an NGC holder
graded MS65 Brown. Comes with a Grellman Attribution and Grading card as sharpness

MS 62, net MS 60. A+

;es. Some very minor circ. marks. Ancient.
MDS. C

395

Brown with smooth surfaces. Ancient, vertical scratch on necK. some very urn
marks. E-MDS. Tied for Condition Census #4. Removed from an ANACS ho]

AIJ58. A+

Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces. Tiny mark on jaw. Some brick red toning

md. E-MDS. Tied for Condition C

1 +

15+

850

125

30% off-center. Ex-M & G, 1-11-97, Lot 196.

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tinyy obv. rim nick at 2:30. E-MDS. A++

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Two ancient, dull scratches behind

head. LDS. A+

2150

40+

335

. And 50% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. MDS
_ ed from an NGC holder graded MS65 Red and Brown

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 7:00. Some circ. marks. Two
tiny rev. rim nicks at 11:30. MDS. A

Medium brown with smooth surfaces. Light mark on cheek. Many shallow low spots on

the obv. caused by grease on the die. M-LDS. Tied for Condition Census #8. Ex-M & G,
_ 1-11-97, Lot 544. A+ _____

1848 N26 5 30+ 30 925 Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Old nick on star 2. As is

typical, the center of the obv. is weaker than the rev. E-MDS. Only the 2 nd piece I have

owned in 33 years. Tied for Condition Census #5. A+

1848

N36

25+

300 Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some minor circ. marks. Struck from heavily clashed
dies. EDS. Tied for Condition Census #8. A+___

1848

(N38)

985 Brown with some faded mint red thru AME. Choice, frosty surfaces. Some minor circ.
_marks. MDS. Condition Census #3. C_

1848 (N41) 1 50+ 50 240 Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. There is an ancient, faint hairline on cheek.

Some very minor circ. marks. EDS. A+

The obv. is virtually full mint red toned to brown on the highpoints. The rev. is 30% faded
mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. There are insignificant carbon spots on the 4 and 9.
M-LDS. This is N6. Ex-Larry Whitlow, R. E. Naftzger; Joe Dooley; M & G, 1-11-97, Lot
577; Stu Mac Donald; Heritage, 9-11-97, Lot 5347. A++

Faded mint red with 85% red remaining. Choice, kustrous surfaces. Tiny spot at top of
head. Some planchet roughness on right obv. field, as made. LDS. This is N6. This piece
has the most red of any 1849 I have owned!!! Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS64
Red and Brown and an NGC holder graded MS64 Red and Brown. Tied for Condition

Census #5. C _

1849 N16 5 55 55 1200 Medium brown with chpice^hnsty su rfaces. M-LDS. Tied for condition Census M2. C

350 10% off-center. Ex-1997 EAC Sale, Lot 367.

675 Mint red that is starting to fade to brown. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Much cartwheel.
Some darker toning above star 5. Tiny nick above head. Tiny mint clip at 2:30 causes
flattening on obv. rim and corresponding rev. rim. Very pretty . Lots of red. C
585 Olive brown faded from mint red. Still plenty of mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

Mark free. Typical mushy strike on rev. C

685 75% faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. M-LDS. Comes with a Grellman

Attribution and Grading card as MS64. Ex-Tony Terranova; Superior, 5-1989, lot 869;
_ Tom Morley; Superior, 5-31-92, Lot 400; Tom Reynolds; Wayne Anderson. C

700 Mint red that is starting to fade to brown. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some very minor
carbon specks. Small spot right of star 1. C

700 Faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS64
Red an Brown. C

700 Mint red that is mellowing. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny planchet flaw on cheek. A
couple of tin carbon specks. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS64 Red and Brown.
C

1850

N10,21

425 Faded mint red with choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor carbon specks on rev. There is
a tiny mint clip at 8:00 that affects the dentils on both sides. ThisisNIO. A+

1850

N10,21

550 Brown with 50% faded mint red. Chopice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor carbon specks.
LDS, this is N10, with rev. rim cuds at 12:00 and 2:00. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 620. A+

Olive brown with much mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. A few tiny carbon
specks. ThisisNIO. A++

Faded mint red with choice, lustrous surfaces. Old, light scrape left of star 11. Some very
minor carbon specks. This is N10. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS64 Red and
Brown. A++

1850(N24)6-15_12_160 Brown with some darker toning at throat. Smooth surfaces. Some circ. marks. A+

1850

(N24)

30+

800

Brown with smooth surfaces. Some faint hairlines. Some minor circ. marks. Some old
scratches on right center of rev. MDS. Comes with a Grellman Attribution and Grading
card as sharpness VF30, net VF25-. Ex-Dick Punchard; Superior, 1-28-90, Lot 1066 @
$3250; Robbie Brown. A

1850

(N25)

2150

95% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor carbon specks. LDS, with low spots
around ONE. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS64 Red. Tied for Condition
Census #2. According to Grellman, most high grade (N25)s have red that appear to be
fake. This coin is the exception!!! C

1851

63+

565

70% faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Some minor handling marks
and carbon specks. A tmy mint clip affects the obv. dentils at 4:30 and rev. dentils at 1:00. 1
M-LDS. Tied for Condition Census #5. A++_

1850

N10,21

525

1850

N10,21

' 2+

525

1849

20+

1850

63+

1850

64+

1849

N6,22

63+

1800

1849

N6,22

2950

;52

552

J52

552

$52

553

853

N18

N19

N20,28

N26

N9,22

N10

Nil

N12,13

N15

N21

635

U1UVVU Wllll1V/UAA1111L1W ___ _i, lustrous surfaces. MDS.

Comes with a Grellman Attribution and Grading card as MS63. Tied for Condition Census

; Anderson. C

61+

$ 500 Olive brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Much cartwheel. An old, minute scratch on

chin. Small carbon spot behind the head. Small reddish spot in dentils above star 4. Small

MDS. Tied for Condition Census #7. A

62+

625

id mint red. Choice, lustrous surtaces. Some minor nanaung n
-CDS. Tied for Condition Census #5. Removed from an NGC
Brown. A++

550

Brown with traces of mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Ancient, faint pin scratch under
eye. Some faint hairlines. Tiny mark between stars 7-8. Small spot by obv. dentils at 4.00.
Tied for Condition Census #5. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS63 Brown. LDS.

This is N28. A+

40+

200

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Tiny nick on nose. Some very minor circ. marks.
MDS. Removed from an ANACS holder graded AU55. A++

500

Brown with bluish overtones and traces ot mint red. Choice, lustrous surtaces. Some
minor handling marks. A faint hairline on left obv. field. Tiny rev. rim nick or plancl
flaw at 8:30. EDS. Tied for Condition Census #2. A+

400

Medium brown with traces of mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tinv rev. rim nick at
:30. MDS. C

485

63+

1000
650

85% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Much cartwheel
mostly on obv. MDS. A+

EDS. Brown with 80% mint red.

385

Brown with considerable faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces, i my mark on upper
cheek. Tiny mark infront of tjroat. Light dent on upper lip. Some minor handling marks
and carbon specks. LDS, this is N9. Ex-1999 EAC Sale, Lot 644. A+

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny lamination on tip of nose. Some very minor
specks and handling marks. Small spot on star 1. Small spots in dentils over TA. Tied for

Condition Census #5. M-LDS. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS62 Brown. A+
Brown with 20% mint red on obv. and 35% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Two old,
long nicks left of star 11. Comes with a Grellman Attribution and Grading card as
sharpness MS63, net MS60+. MDS. Condition Census #7. Removed from an NGC holdei

■aded MS63 Red and Brown. A+

63+

575

Brown with 35% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some minor handling marks and
carbon specks. Tied for Condition Census #5. A+

435

Brown with traces of mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. 1 iny nick on chin. Another over
L. Tiny rev. rim marks at 12:00 and 10:30. LDS This is N13. Tied tor Condition Census

#8. C

62+

725

Brown with choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny nick on jaw. Some tiny rev. rim nicks. MDS
Tied for Condition Census #2. C

3800

Brown with 40% mint red on obv. and 15% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Small
carbon spot by star 10. Another over right top of N in ONE. Some minor handling m
Removed from an NGC holder graded MS64 Red and Brown. LDS. Ex-1999 EAC S

Lot 652. A+

2 +

335

Brown with some faded mint red. Choice, frosty surfaces. E-MDS
Census #5. C

375

60+

250

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some traces ot mint red on the rev. Tiny nick over star
9. M-LDS. Tied for Condition Census #7. Ex-M & G, Ruttenberg, 8-19-95, Lot 667. C
Brown with traces of mint red behind the head. Choice, lustrous surtaces. Tiny obv. rim
nick at 2:00. Small spot on upper throat. Old, light scrape on left arm of Y and coronet
above. Tiny dig under OF. E-MDS. Comes with a Grellman Attribution and Grading card
as sharpness MS60, net AU58. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS64 Brown

975

Brow with faded red. Recolored. Choice, frosty surfaces. A carbon spot was removed
from dentils below star 1. The coronet over LI and curl over the 5 are softly struck. MDS
Some very shallow low spots on upper neck and cheek from grease on the die. I have
owned only 5 specimens in any grade over the last 33 years. Condition Census #6. Come:
with a Grellman Attribution and Grading card as sharpness MS60, net AU50. I feel this

coin is very conservatively graded. Ex-Myles Gerson; Dane Nielson; Phil Ralls; Bob

%■*

Lomprey. A

1853

60+

285

The obv. is chocolate with an area of tan thru the top of the head and stars 7-10. The rev. is
medium brown. Choice, frosty surfaces. There are 5 faint planchet cracks that show on
obv. rim that occurred during striking. Some minor handling marks. E-MDS. A+

1853

765

Brown with some hints of faded mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Short,
faint hairline in front of chin. M-LDS. Tied for Condition Census #5. C

1853

350

Brown with choice, frostv surfaces. Tinv obv. rim mck at 5:00. Tinv rev. rim nick at 4:30.
MDS. Tied for Condition Census #9. C

1853

625

Brown with bluish overtones. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Mark free. M-LDS.
Tied for Condition Census #4. Comes with a Grellman Attribution and Grading card as ;
MS60. Ex-G. Lee Kuntz; Superior, 10-6-91, Lot 611. C

1853

N11

250

Olive brown with hints of red. Probably dipped an recolored long ago. Choice, frosty
surfaces. E-MDS. A

1852

N13

1853

N13

1853

N16

1853

N17

)

N18

1853

N18

1854

N21

1855

64+

1 +

63+

625 80% mint red with some brown toning over top of head. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

Cartwheel. M-LDS. Comes with a Orellnian Attribution and Grading card as MS63. Tied
for Condition Census #9. C .

825 80% mint red on obv. and 95% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some very minor

** mr

handling marks. Some planchet flaws in dentils over F AM. M-LDS. Ex-Early Copper
Auction, Sale #4, 1-11-92, Lot 354. Tied for Condition Census #3. Comes with a Grellman
_ Attribution and Grading card as MS64. C

435 Golden olive brown with some reddish-brown toning on lower neck, right of star 13, right
top of 8 and at ED. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny obv. rim bruise at 1:30. EDS. Tied for
Condition Census #5. Comes with a Grellman Attribution and Grading card as sharpness
MS63, net MS60. Ex-American Auction Assoc., Terrell, 5-18/19-73, Lot 1222; Robbie
Brown; Superior, 10-1-86, Lot 1352. A+ _

625 Brown with 15% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Some minor handling
marks. E-MDS. l ied for Condition Census #3. Removed from an NGC holder graded
MS64 Brown. A+

535 Brown with 5% mint red on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Three tiny rim

I II I V

marks over OF A. Comes with two Grellman Attribution and Grading cards: 1. 3/92,

_MS62, MDS and 2. 5/98, sharpness MS60+, net MS60, M-LDS. A+_

650

1853

N25

975

1853

N28

50+

300

1853

N33

45+

125

1854

N12

60+

315

1854

N12

60+

4000

1854

N13

325

1854

N19

50+

235

Brown with 20% mint red on obv. and 40% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Small spot
at top of back hair bun. Some carbon specks in front oif mouth. Ancient pin scratches from
nose to upper neck and along jaw. Some minor handling marks. M-LDS. Ex-1999 EAC
Sale, Lot 664.

90% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Cartwheel. Some minor carbon specks. Comes
with a Grellman Attribution and Grading card as MS64. MDS. C

Brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Tiny obv. rim nick at 10:30. Tiny nick at top of E and
coronet above. Tiny rev. rim nick at 7;30. LDS, with flowiines. A+

Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Two old, short pin scratches between star 7-8. MDS.
A+

Brown with 20% mint red. There is a black crescent thru stars 6-9. Some handling marks
and minor low spots. Softly struck over the ear. E-MDS. Ex-M & G, 1-6-96, Lot 636. A
PROOF. Cleaned and recolored. Proof surfaces.

Brown with traces of mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Old V-shaped scratch in front of
nose. Faint hairline between stars 4-5. Some minor carbon specks on rev. Some handling
marks. MDS. Condition Census #6. A

Medium brown with choice, frosty surfaces. Some very minor circ. marks. Small carbon
spot below r star 5. M-LDS, with obv. crack very clear. A++ _

Brown with 50% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Tiny mark on jaw. E-MDS. Tied
for Condition Census #5. Removed from an ANACS holder graded MS64 Red and Brown.

C__

Upright 5 s. Medium brown with some peeps of mint red on obv. Choice, lustrous surfaces.
Tiny obv. rim nick at 1:00. Two tiny lint marks on neck. EDS. Removed from an NGC
_ holder graded MS64 Brown. A+ _

500 Upright 5s. Brown with 10% mint red on obv. and 60% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces.

Cartwheel. Some minor handling marks. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS64 Red
_ and Brown. A++ _

4750 Upright 5s. CC#1. Removed from a PCGS holder graded MS65 Red. Ex-Heritage, 4-97,

Lot 10.

625

265

>57

\51

*57

N10

NIO

Nil

N12

NIO

285

475

Slant 5s, Knob On Ear. Brown with smooth, frosty surfaces, A reddish-brown stripe trom
right of star 2 to point of bust. Light mark right of star 4. Reddish-brown spot between
stars 11-12, with a lighter brown area around it. Tmy rev. rim nick at 9;00. E-MDS, with

the knob forming. Ex-John Jay Pittman; Akers, 10-21-97, Lot 276. A

Slant 5s. Knob On Ear. Brown with smooth, glossy surfaces. Some very faint hairlines on

obv. M-LDS, with a good si zed knob. A+ _

985

54 -

Slant 5s. 90% mint red on obv. with 30% mint red on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces.
Cartwheel. Some tiny carbon specks. EDS+, with the 6 th star blunted by grease on the die.
12 STAR VARIETY. Tied for Condition Census #7. Comes with a Grellman Attribution

and Grading card as MS64. C

64+

500

Slant 5s. Brow with 25% mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Three tiny marks on
cheek. Small carbon spot between feet of 85. Another below star 12. Another at rig

ofTinCENT. EDS. A+

60+

8250

8500

PROOF. Sian 5s. Brow with choice surfaces. Ex-B & M, 1-6-99, Lot 1026.
PROOF, Slant 5s. Ex-Wes Rasmussen, Superior, 2-8-98, Lot 490.

1450

Upright 5s. Brow with 15% mint red on obv. and 5% on rev. Choice, lustrous surfaces.
Cartwheel. Tiny nick on jaw. MDS. Removed from an NGC holder graded MS65 Browi

Condition Census #1

350

62+

475

Slant 5. Brown with peeps ol mint red. Choice, lustrous suriaces. iviarxs on oov. ruu a i
10:00 and 11:30 and on rev. rim at 7:00 that I believe occurred during striking, E-MDS.
Removed from an NGC holder graded IVIS64 brown. Tied tor Condition Census $9. A+
Upright 5. Brown with 20% mint red on obv. and 5% on rev. Tiny nick on chin. Tiny rev.
rim nick at 10:00. E-MDS. Condition Census #7. C

1250

Large Date. Faded mint red with brown on highpoints. 50% red remains. Choice, lustrous
surfaces. Crisp EDS. Best struck N1 that I have seen. Tied for Condition Census #6. C

6000

i nwi. Small Date. Removed from an NGC holder graded PR64 Brow
29-96, Lot 1115.

7350

PROOF ONLY VARIETY. Small Date. Faded mint red with 15-20% red remaining.
Choice, proof surfaces. Virtually free of hairlines and carbon specks. A tiny planchet flake
in front of chin. Removed from a PCGS holder graded PR63 Red and Brow. Tied tor

Condition Census #3. C

60+

425

Small Date. Brow with a few peeps of mint red. Choice, lustrous surfaces. Some very
minor handling marks. Some low spots around ONE CENT caused by grease on the die
Removed from an AN ACS holder traded MS 64 Brown

7500

PROOF ONLY VARIETY. Small Date. Chocolate obv. with a lighter brow rev. mat is
tinged in mint red. the proof fields are somewhat subdued, but are free ot marks, carbon

Ue»^riin^c from a PCGS holder graded PR64 Brown. A++

7850

PROOF ONLY VARIETY. Small Date. Brow with some faded mint
surfaces. A tiny strike thru below the ear from something coming betw
the die. A tiny carbon speck right ofN in CENT. Ex-Stack’s, 1982; FI
Stack’s. 3-17-88, Lot 774. Very nice!! A+

RRORS

[any Half Cent and Large Cent errors.

j u l y

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